船舶大舱室油料火灾温度场特性及冷却压制研究

以仿真和试验为研究手段,对船舶超大空间内油池火的燃烧特性进行系统研究,结果显示,火灾发生时烟气沉降速度、温度上升速度非常快,灭火行动最好在2min内展开。同时,利用试验方法分别对多功能水枪和泡沫灭火系统的灭火效果展开研究。研究发现,使用多功能消防水枪对10m^2以内的油火进行控制时,灭火进攻的角度和开花水枪的使用对灭火效果有着直接影响,其中以同侧对角进攻的效果最佳,仅仅用时20 s就扑灭了10 m^2柴油火;而泡沫系统的灭火效率非常高,约20 s就很好地压制了14.6 m^2的油火灾,在30 s时彻底扑灭。这些研究结论可直接用来指导船舶大空间火灾的扑救工作。

Study on the temperature characteristics and firefighting control of oil fire in the large cabin of ship

By the means of simulation and experiment, the combustion characteristics of oil pool fire in the super-large space of ship were systematically studied. The results showed that the smoke settling velocity and temperature rise very fast when a fire broke out, thus the firefighting should start within two minutes. At the same time, the firefighting effects of multi-function water gun and foam fire extinguishing system were studied respectively by means of experiment. The results indicated that when using the multi-function water gun to put out 10-square-meters oil fire, firefighting angle and the using of flowering water gun had a direct impact on firefighting effect, among them the diagonal attack on the same side were best, which took only 20s to extinguish the 10-square-meters diesel fire. While the firefighting efficiency of foam system was very high, 14-square-meters oil fire was suppressed well after the spraying for about 20s, and completely extinguished within 30s. These research conclusion could be used directly for the instruction of firefighting work for large space of vessels.