基于单水听器的移动声源运动参数估计

文章基于水声信道的多途结构,提出了一种利用舰船辐射噪声的单水听器声源运动参数估计方法。首先分析了自相关和倒谱多途时延估计方法,并针对传播水槽实验中随声源与单水听器距离增加自相关和倒谱时延峰信干比降低的问题,提出了基于自相关和倒谱的联合估计方法,提高了多途时延估计的稳健性;其次针对如何利用估计出的D-SR时延差这唯一信息进行运动参数估计的问题,通过逐步分析说明了径向匀速直线移动声源的运动参数估计问题可以在卡尔曼滤波(Kalman filter,KF)框架下进行求解;最后应用扩展卡尔曼滤波(extended Kalman filter,EKF)和迭代扩展卡尔曼滤波(iterated extended Kalman filter,IEKF)对水槽实验数据进行处理,所得结果表明:EKF和IEKF都能利用D-SR时延差信息估计出移动声源的距离、深度和速度,并且IEKF比EKF的跟踪效果更好,证明了方法的正确性和有效性。

Motion parameter estimation of moving source with a single hydrophone

Based on the multipath structure of underwater acoustic channel, a motion parameter estimation method utilizing ship-radiated noise with a single hydrophone was proposed. The autocorrelation and inverse spectrum method was analyzed, and a joint delay estimation method was proposed to solve the problem that time-delay peak's signal-to-interference ratio decreased with the range between the sound source and the signal hydrophone in the pool test, and the robustness of delay estimation could be improved. Then this pa-per showed that the motion parameter estimation of a radial uniform linear moving sound source could be solved in the Kalman filter (KF) framework, only using the time delays between the direct and surface-re-flected arrivals (D-SR time delays). Finally, the extended Kalman filter (EKF) and iterated extended Kalman filter (IEKF) were used to process the pool test data, the results show that EKF and IEKF could estimate the range, depth and speed of moving sound source using D-SR time delays, and the tracking effect of IEKF is better than EKF, verifying the correctness and validity of this method.