浅水条件下船舶通过船闸时的水动力性能数值研究

文章通过应用CFD方法数值模拟在浅水条件下通过船闸的船舶粘性绕流，对船舶通过船闸时的水动力性能进行了数值预报研究。通过UDF编程定义船舶的运动，使用动网格方法和滑移交界面技术进行船舶运动过程中的网格更新，计算作用在船体上的水动力，并由计算得到的水动力求得船体下沉和纵倾。为了验证所采用的数值方法，以一艘通过比利时泽布吕赫Pierre Vandamme船闸的船舶为例，在模型尺度下进行了计算，并将计算结果和佛兰德水利研究所的模型试验基准数据进行了比较。通过分析不同船速、偏心距和水深条件下的数值结果，给出了这些因素对船舶通过船闸时的水动力性能的影响。该文研究结果可为浅水条件下船舶通过船闸时的安全操纵和控制提供一定的指导。

Numerical Study on the Hydrodynamic Behaviors of a Ship Passing Through a Lock in Shallow Water

By using the CFD method to simulate the viscous flow about a ship passing through a lock in shallow water, the hydrodynamic behaviors of the ship are numerically studied. UDF (User-defined function) is compiled to define the ship motion. Grid regeneration is implemented by using the dy-namic mesh method and sliding interface technique. The hydrodynamic forces on the ship are calcu-lated and the squat and trim of the ship are determined from the calculated hydrodynamic forces. Nu-merical results are obtained at model scale for a ship transiting in the Pierre Vandamme Lock in Zee-brugge and compared with the benchmark data of model tests at Flanders Hydraulics Research, Belgium to verify the numerical method. By analyzing the numerical results obtained at different ship speed, eccentricity and water depth, the influences of ship speed, eccentricity and water depth on the hydrodynamic behaviors of a ship passing through a lock are demonstrated. This study can provide some guidance on safe maneuvering and control of ships passing through a lock in shallow water.