长江口南支河床近期冲淤演变机制*

利用1998年以来多期水下地形资料和两次水文测验资料,分析了长江口南支河床近期的冲淤变化,讨论了其演变的过程、特点和机制.结果表明,近10年,南支河床在总体保持稳定的同时,呈现出以下主要变化特点:1)白茆沙北水道进口段淤积,南水道冲刷发展;2)七丫口以下的南支主槽北冲南淤;3)下扁担沙南侧上冲下淤;4)新浏河沙包、新浏河沙和中央沙"三沙"沙头冲刷后退;5)河槽容积扩大等.上述演变特点具有内在紧密的联系,突出表现为河床冲淤自上而下的传递过程.北支泥沙倒灌是南支河床近期冲淤演变的主要驱动因子之一,而南支落潮水流优势和粉砂质河床边界条件,促使了主槽河床冲淤的自上而下传递.河槽容积的扩大则是河槽冲淤对流域来沙减小的响应结果.由于南支近期冲淤演变的内、外因子仍将存在,未来一段时间内,南支仍将延续近期的演变趋势.

Recent erosion-accretion evolution mechanism of South Branch in the Yangtze Estuary

Using the field measurement data of underwater topography and the hydrological data,the river-bed evolution of South Branch in the Yangtze Estuary is analyzed,and the evolution process,characteristics and mechanism are discussed.The results indicate that the river-bed of South Branch remained stable in the past decade generally,and has some changes as follows: 1)The import section of the Baimao sand shoal north waterway deposits,and the south waterway erodes;2)The main channel of South Branch below the Qiya...