水库淤积的一种不利形态

水库效益发挥程度与水库淤积形态密切相关。三角洲淤积在实际水库中比较普遍,研究相对较多。文章利用数学模型计算,发现水库在前期三角洲淤积基础上还可能出现一种新的淤积现象,称为二级三角洲形态。通过大量分析,论证了这种不利形态产生的可能性、影响因素以及危害性。二级三角洲虽只是数学模型意义上的淤积形态,但由于其主要侵占兴利库容,对水库防洪和调节性能影响极大。同时,二级三角洲可能会大量抬升变动回水区的水位,大大增加库尾的淹没损失,危害极为严重。实际水库调度运行中应高度重视并严加避免。

An Adverse Sedimentation Configuration in Reservoir

Generally the longitudinal sedimentation profile in reservoirs has always been a one-stage delta configuration.However,through numerical calculation,it is found that under certain circumstances,an adverse sedimentation type named two-stage delta profile could emerge from the tail of the reservoir.Based on a lot of analyses,the paper demonstrates the formation probabilities of the two-stage delta profile.The most important influential factor,adverse impacts and way of decreasing its consequences through regulation are discussed.Although the two-stage delta profile is found only by numerical calculation temporarily,due to its extremely adverse impacts both on the effective volume and on flood stage in the tail region,it is also very significant in both reservoir regulation theory and practice.