三峡工程库尾重庆港区泥沙淤积和整治方法的探讨

本文对三峡工程影响重庆港区河段泥沙淤积的治理问题,提出应以洪水河道整治为对象,接本河段几处窄深的洪水河宽和泄洪过水面积为依据,将宽河段的河宽缩窄为700m左右,并用导堤和丁顺坝将该河段改造成河宽基本相同的微弯河型,这样可适当增大洪水的流速和调整其流向与枯水流向基本一致,消除回流缓流区,可提高走沙水位;结合填浅深槽、挖深导堤以外的边滩和心滩,进一步调整断面上的流速分布,使深槽的流速减小,岸边开挖后的流速增大,可防止泥沙淤积和保持码头前缘及航道的水深;再结合港区的扩建,可满足货运量的发展和万吨级船队航行及停靠的要求。

Study on Sedimentation and Its Regulation of Chongqing Port Near the Head of the Three Gorge Reservoir

Sediment deposition in Chongqing port Area influenced by the Three Gorge project in this paper. Based on the flood channel width and the flood cross section at several cross-sections in this channel reach, we obtained the principles of regulation for flood. That is, the width of the wide reach is constricted to about 700m and the reach is turned approximately into a gentle bend with the equal width by Iongitudinal and spur dykes. Thus, the flood discharge velocity will be increased, the flow directions of flood seasons and dry seasons will be approximately the same, and the water level carrying sediment will be raised. If the velocity distribution in the cross-section is further adjusted and the velocity in the volley is decreased, while the velocity near the channel bank sida is increased by filling the valley, degrading the side bar and middle bar beyond the dykes sediment deposition can be prevented and the depth in the front of the port and the waterway can be maintained. In association with the port area expansion engineering, Chongqing Port will meet the needs of the development of transportation and also the mooring and navigation for the 10,000 t ship team.