盐水环境下细颗粒淤泥的起动试验研究

为掌握细颗粒淤泥在盐水环境下的起动规律,利用可循环水槽开展盐水0‰泥(仅水体含盐)、盐水盐泥(水体和泥沙均含盐)和0‰水盐泥(仅泥沙含盐)3个系列的泥沙起动水槽试验.基于PIV(粒子图像测速)系统和数字图像灰度处理技术实现泥沙起动流速的定量判别.结果表明:水体或黏性泥沙的含盐度越高,黏性泥沙越难起动.黏性泥沙起动流速与...     

海口港马村港区海域泥沙特性研究

利用海口港马村港区海域床面表层泥沙进行泥沙静水沉速试验及泥沙起动试验,揭示了马村港海域床面泥沙水力特性.结果表明:平常天气下,大潮期间浅滩外侧泥沙可以被起动,冲刷浅滩泥沙;浅滩内侧流速相对较小,在实测流速作用下只能形成少量起动,不具备形成大量起动引起冲刷的动力。     

海南龙栖湾海域水文泥沙环境与泥沙运动特征

根据龙栖湾海域近期实测水文资料,对其水文泥沙环境与泥沙运动特征进行了分析,并计算了泥沙起动流速、临界起动水深、沿岸输沙和横向输沙等参数。研究表明:潮汐性质为不规则全日潮,多年平均潮差为1.53 m;潮流性质为不规则全日混合潮,主要呈往复流运动,2016年8月实测大潮平均流速为0.28～0.89 m/s,涨落潮流速相差不大;波浪主要为风浪,以偏SW浪为主;海域平均含沙量在0.03 kg/m~3以下;表层沉积物平均中值粒径为0.384 mm,属中砂范畴;水流作用下的泥沙起动流速在0.45 m/s左右,一般天气下泥沙完全起动水深在1.5 m以浅,表层泥沙起动水深在3 m以浅。该海岸岸滩净的输沙方向为西北向,净输沙能力为1.3万m~3。不同风浪条件,横沙输沙特征略有差别,在一般天气下,主要以向岸堆积;大浪作用时淘刷,泥沙离岸流失。     

长江口北槽深水航道整治工程贮泥坑抛泥过程监测分析*

对北槽航道维护使用的3#贮泥坑抛泥流失率进行现场监测和分析研究。监测内容包括应用多波束地形测量仪测 得贮泥坑抛吹泥前后的准确容积变化,采用表层取样法测量贮泥坑抛泥后的表层泥沙密度及采用柱状采样器测量贮泥坑不 同深度的泥沙密度,综合容积变化和密度结果可以得到实际入坑泥沙量,结合实际抛泥量计算出贮泥坑的抛泥流失率。监 测结果表明该贮泥坑的抛泥流失率达到76%。同步监测的流速结果表明贮泥坑周边动力强、流速快,流速快是造成该贮泥 坑抛泥流失率大的主要原因。建议该坑向附近动力弱的坝田掩护区移动以减少该贮泥坑泥沙流失率。     

钱塘江河口细颗粒泥沙起动流速研究

采用泥沙水槽试验研究了钱塘江河口不同粒径的泥沙起动流速。针对室内水槽试验水深条件的局限性,提出了以实测含沙量过程线拐点附近相应的垂线平均流速为泥沙起动流速的方法,得到了水深范围介于0.15～13.6m、中值粒径介于0.002~0.07mm的泥沙起动流速。张瑞瑾、窦国仁公式与沙玉清泥沙起动公式对比结果表明,各公式对于浅水深的水槽试验值均有较高的计算精度,而对于大水深起动流速均明显偏大。以张瑞瑾公式为基础,通过多元回归分析法修正有关系数,建立了适合于钱塘江河口细颗粒泥沙的起动流速拟合公式。     

绞吸船吹填中粗砂泥泵节能运行转速

大型绞吸船吹填中粗砂施工,难以确定最优的输送施工参数和泥泵机组转速.针对目前常用的计算公式对非均质中粗砂浆体水力输送计算精度不足的问题,采用实际施工参数对计算公式进行拟合修正,实现泥浆输送施工参数的精确计算.同时通过泥泵机组运行功率计算分析,确定了最经济输送施工参数条件下泥泵机组的低功耗运行转速.转速特征是在既定的泥浆流速、浓度和泥泵机组总扬程条件下,水下泵采用低转速、甲板泵采用高转速,有利于降低输送施工能耗.     

无黏性均匀沙起动临界条件的统一

采用确定性分析方法,建立无黏性均匀沙起动流速公式,并用实测资料对其进行验证。通过理论推导,得出基于剪切力和水流功率的均匀沙起动临界条件表达式。对基于起动流速、剪切力和水流功率的均匀沙起动临界条件进行统一,得出各表达式之间的相互转换关系,证明三种起动临界条件在本质上是相互统一的。     

泥沙模型的粒径相似比尺问题

运用相似理论对泥沙模型的粒径比尺进行了分析,提出了推移质、悬移质和全沙模型泥沙粒径相似条件;给出了包括细沙在内的泥沙起动粒径比尺的统一计算式和适用不同流区的悬沙粒径比尺的统一计算式;指出模型砂的起动流速不等于模型的起动流速,需进行比尺效应修正。     

基于智能疏浚模式的滨州港产能与控制模型

高效疏浚是疏浚施工一直追求的目标,也是研究的热点。基于智能疏浚模式的控制原理,对智能疏浚模式下"航浚6008"轮的滨州港工程施工数据进行分析,建立产能与控制模型,并对该耙吸挖泥船在滨州港工程的产能做进一步优化计算。结果表明,生产率受流量、浆体相对密度与泥泵特性等因素的影响和制约;疏浚过程中,智能疏浚模式主要依靠活动罩控制器与泥泵控制器的相互配合,当实际泥浆流速高于(最佳)设定值时,在其他边界条件不变时,活动罩自动控制器将活动罩下压,使耙头生产率与泥泵汽蚀控制相匹配;检测到泥泵汽蚀时,泥泵控制器通过降低泥泵转速而降低泥浆流速,以达到最佳混合物流速。     

潮流条件下的桩基冲刷深度研究

潮流对桩基局部冲刷的折减系数将随着相对流速和相对周期的增加而增大。在对称潮流涨急流速等于临界起动流速条件下,潮流冲刷折减系数仅为0.4～0.6之间;而当涨急流速超过2.1倍临界起动流速时,潮流冲刷折减系数达到0.9以上,因此使用冲刷折减系数时需要注意流速的大小。文章提出了"查图法"和"微分迭代法"两种方法来计算潮流条件下的桩基局部冲刷,经过验证计算结果与实测值吻合良好。实际海洋水动力环境是不断变化的,考虑非恒定水动力环境对桩基局部冲刷深度的影响机制将提高对冲刷深度预测精度。     

33rd International Conference on Ocean,Offshore and Arctic Engineering （OMAE2014）

正San Francisco,California,June 8-13,2014.OMAE 2014 is the ideal forum for researchers,engineers,managers,technicians and students from the scientific and industrial communities from around the world to:·meet and present advances in technology and its scientific support;·to exchange ideas and experiences whilst promoting technological progress and its application in industry·to promote international cooperation in ocean,offshore and arctic engineering.In line with the tradition of excellence of previous OMAE conferences,more than 900 technical papers are planned for presentation.Outreach for Engineers Specialty Forum This Specialty Forum is designed for students and professionals who may not be familiar with the Ocean and Offshore industry,as well as those who have just recently specialized in this field.     

Errata

正In the paper"Influence of Fouling Assemblage on the Corrosion Behaviour of Mild Steel in the Coastal Waters of The Gulf of Mannar,India"in Vol.12,No.4,Page:509,References were lost,and the two authors’biographies were identical.The correct text is shown below.We apologize to the authors and our readers for any inconvenience caused by the errors.     

Journal of Marine Science and Application 2014 Sum. Contents

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第34届海洋、离岸及极地工程国际会议(英文)

正St.John's,Newfoundland,Canada,May 31-June 5,2015 OMAE2015 is the ideal forum for researchers,engineers,managers,technicians and students from the scientific and industrial communities from around the world to: meet and present advances in technology and its scientific support;     

联合作战计划和执行系统

全球指挥控制系统(GCCS)实施当前美国海军网络中心战信息基础设施的联合计划网络。联合作战计划和执行系统(JOPES)支持GCCS实现联合计划。JOPES有两类计划：时间不限的精密预案计划生成作战计划、方案计划或职能计划；时间敏感的危机行动计划生成作战命令或战役方案。前者在和平时期创建的作战计划是后者的计划基础，加速应付危机的能力。     

Recent progress on wave induced loading measurements in warships

Recent measurements of wave induced hull strain and flexure in RN warships are presented together with the derivation of the current design criteria for extreme hull girder bending loads. The history of the development of the shipboard instrumentation used is given and recent developments to improve the quality and ease of analysis of the data are described. An unexpectedly high transverse asymmetry in the longitudinal strains measured in destroyers is shown to be the result of a combination of vertical and lateral bending in oblique seas. Finally recent theoretical comparisons between the loading of Deep-Vee hulls and conventional UK rounded bilge hulls are presented which demonstrate the higher loading experienced by this type of hull form.     

The 11th International Conference on Hydrodynamics (ICHD 2014)

正19–24 October 2014 SingaporeCONFERENCE THEMES The overall aim of the ICHD Conference is to provide a forum for participants from around the world to review,discuss and present the latest developments in the broad discipline of hydrodynamics and fluid mechanics.The first International Conference on Hydrodynamics(ICHD)was initiated in 1994 in Wuxi,China.Since then,9 more ICHD conferences were held subsequently in Hong Kong,Seoul,Yokohama,Tainan,Perth,Ischia,Nantes,Shanghai and St Petersburg.Evidently the ICHD conference has become an important event among academics,researchers,engineers and operators,working in the fields closely related to the science and technology of hydrodynamics.The 11th ICHD will be held in Singapore in 2014.     

第十二届深水操作会议和展览会(英文)

正November 4-6,2014Moody Gardens HotelConvention Center/Galveston,TX The Deepwater Operations Conference and Exhibition is celebrating its 12th anniversary this year.This growing event will continue the tradition of excellence in addressing operational challenges involved in developing deepwater resources.We will return to the Moody Gardens Hotel and Convention Center on November 5-7,2014 in Galveston,Texas.     

Eastbound or westbound ?

In terms of equal sailing distances, where is the inflexion when ships depart from ports in the Asian Continent to New York via Suez and/or Panama？
The answer is China South Port Group （Hong Kong, Shenzhen and Guangzhou）.     

Impact of regulation on the performances of long-distance transport services: A comparison of the different approaches in Sweden and Norway

Despite the many socio-economic similarities between Sweden and Norway, differences in jurisdiction, organisation, cooperation, and financing of long-distance passenger train and coach services have led to the development of four distinctively different ways of serving the markets. This paper describes how the train and coach markets have developed in the two countries, with emphasis on regulatory and industrial structure and a couple of performance variables.Looking at passenger rail, both countries separated infrastructure from operation over a decade ago. However, while Norwegian rail is characterised by an almost monopoly supplier, rail services in Sweden are partly decentralised to the responsibility of county authorities and are widely subjected to competitive tendering. The rest of the network is about to be opened up for on-the-track competition. Swedish Rail (SJ) has spent the last decades consolidating its core business (passenger rail) and sold out its other businesses. In contrast, the Norwegian state rail (NSB) has expanded its business to become a major bus operator and property owner, with extensions also into the Swedish market.The coach industry was more recently deregulated in both countries. The Swedish coach market is dominated by privately owned companies operating services to and from Stockholm. In Norway, state-owned NSB is a major coach operator on medium distance routes, and is also the largest partner of Nor-Way Bussekspress which totally dominates long-distance coach services. Further, the Norwegian coach market is characterised by cross-ownership and cooperation which has enabled an extensive route network which covers most of Norway.We find distinct differences in achievements in the two modes and in the two countries. Swedish rail services have succeeded in winning market shares and in renewing and developing both infrastructure and service levels to a greater extent than the Norwegian model. On the other hand, the Norwegian coach market seems to be more developed and efficient compared to its Swedish counterpart.The paper concludes with a discussion on the possible links between the different approaches and the performance observed, with the aim to stimulate further and more detailed research on some important issues.