Decentralized Coastal Zone Management in Malaysia and Indonesia: A Comparative Perspective 1

Transferring decision-making process from central to local government and enhancing the role of local communities in managing coastal zones is an increasing commitment by governments in Southeast Asia. This article analyzes decentralized coastal zone management in two neighboring countries, Malaysia and Indonesia. The Federal system in Malaysia is argued to be able to influence more decentralized coastal zone management and to promote community-based management approaches. Meanwhile, the large diversity of coastal resources and communities combined with a still as yet tested decentralization policy in Indonesia is argued to bring more challenges in implementing the decentralization and community-based approaches in coastal zones. The lessons learned in this study provide insight in how far decentralized coastal zone management has taken place in Malaysia and Indonesia. The significant differences in the pattern of coastal zone management in these two countries are discussed in detail. This study recognizes that co-management and community-based approaches can be appropriate in dealing with coastal zone management. This comparative perspective is important to the development of a bigger picture of sustainable coastal zone management processes and cross-regional knowledge-sharing in Southeast Asia.     

预应力混凝土大直径管桩在北方港口工程中的应用实践

预应力大直径混凝土管桩自20世纪80年代研制成功后;在我国南方各大港口得到了推广应用,但在我国北方港口中还没有大批量使用的先例。东营港扩建工程在北方港口首次大批量使用,通过进行大管桩抗冻、试桩等试验,沉桩获得成功。     

船舶设计中的项目管理模式探讨

项目管理作为以项目为对象的系统管理方法,已在工程建设中得到普遍应用和发展,而应用于工程设计在我国还不普遍,船舶设计行业尚处于探索、总结和完善阶段.根据工程设计管理模式的变化,结合708研究所在多型船舶设计实施设计项目管理的情况,对船舶设计实施项目管理进行探讨,有利于提高项目质量,降低成本,提高设计院的竞争力.     

关于加强日本海西部海事气象保障服务的建议

随着罗津港使用权的获取,自罗津港出入的中国船舶将不断增多,因此对日本海西部的气象保障服务需求势必不断增加。为加强日本海西部海事气象保障服务水平,使其能够为罗津港附近海域在海运、港口管理和海上作业等方面更好地起到规避风险、提高效益的作用,文中根据对目前日本海西部海事气象保障服务现状的调研结果,指出了当前日本海西部海事气象保障服务存在着区域划分不合理、精细化程度不足以及服务形式过于单一等问题。据此,结合目前国内外海事气象保障服务的思路,提出了针对于日本海西部的海事气象保障服务的建议,可为提升日本海西部海事气象保障服务的升级换代提供一些参考思路。     

风浪中螺旋桨水动力变化的实用计算方法

风浪中螺旋桨水动力变化规律是研究舰船在风浪中速航性能的重要方面。本文参照有关文献,提出了一种计算风浪中螺旋桨推力、转矩损失的实用定量计算方法,既可用于较精确地估算舰船在风浪中的增阻和失速,还可供提高舰船在风浪中速航性的研究和螺旋桨设计参考。     

东亚港口集装箱运输发展前景

东亚地区正在建设或规划建设大量的集装箱码头,这是否适应本地区未来港口集装箱运输发展形势值得关注.介绍英国海运咨询有限公司的相关研究成果.     

An analysis of trends in passenger and freight transport energy consumption in India

This primary objective of this paper is to examine the causes for the change in energy consumption in the transport sector in India. The pattern of energy consumption and their causes for change are benchmarked against select countries. A mathematical model that decomposes changes in energy consumption to various factors has been used. The changes in the energy consumption are attributed to growth in transport volume, structural change or modal shift, and energy intensity. The analysis is conducted for passenger and freight transport separately. Results indicate that the growth in transport volume has been the main cause for increase in energy consumption for both passenger and freight transport in India despite the decline in energy intensity of various transport modes. Though not surprising for a growing economy like India, this poses a challenge for the future. Currently, India is a low carbon economy.     

An empirical assessment of relational competitive advantage in professional ship management

Intense competition in many sectors across the maritime industry and in professional ship management in particular, means that the quest for achieving competitiveness will continue and intensify. A review of the current strategies across many sectors of the industry indicates the importance of forging stable partnerships for the achievement of competitiveness. Considering that the capability to form a relationship is an intangible resource (as depicted in resource-advantage theory), an empirical assessment in the context of ship management was undertaken. The assessment aimed to identify the type of relationships present in ship management, and succeeded in classifying those relationships into four distinct groups. The central thesis of the paper is that maritime organizations in general, and ship management companies in particular, may utilize their intangible relational resources in order to achieve competitive advantage. Based on the classification of ship management relationships, implications for managers are discussed.     

ADCP在黄骅港水文测量中的应用

主要介绍了目前世界上先进的水文实时测量仪器ADCP在黄骅港水文系统的应用。概述在外业和内业方面的操作,测量精度的影响因素。     

下拉数据窗口技术应用研究

研究了数据窗口技术中的下拉数据窗口记录快速匹配技术 ,将其封装得到用户对象控件。该技术在天津港相关单位系统开发应用中 ,取得良好效果     

京杭运河江苏段船型标准化研究

运用SWOT分析方法对京杭运河江苏段船型标准化工程进行了分析研究,并提出了相应的对策,为京杭运河标准化工程下一阶段发展起到抛砖引玉的作用。     

美国国防部UFC规范船舶撞击能计算解析

简述美国国防部UFC规范关于船舶撞击能的计算公式,并比较其设计参数选取和计算结果与英标BSI规范和我国规范的异同,着重分析偏心系数C_e和虚拟质量系数C_m。结果表明,UFC规范在C_m中考虑了船底相对水深对船舶撞击能的影响,且此时C_m的计算结果与船模试验结果较为接近;船舶撞击能的计算结果,UFC规范>英标>我国规范;C_e、C_m在不同船型中基本为常量,不随吨级而变化。     

Longhaul feeder services in an era of changing technology: an Asia-Pacific perspective

Traditional liner carriers, operating in the highly competitive commercial environment of the last few years, have attempted to lower the marginal cost of each box carried. Technological improvements in both construction and propulsion systems have led to a steady growth in carrying capacity. Ships of 600+ TEUs are now in service and, as a result of this trend, have displaced 'smaller' ships from the major east-west trades. The more competitive environment of these trades has in turn led to a redeployment of ships in the 2500+ TEU range to the north-south trades. The result has been a rapid increase in north-south capacity, including feeder services and falling freight rates. Despite the current excess supply in shipping and historically low freight rates, significant developments in technology have created opportunities for new fast containerships. The paper analyses the key economic factors in the differentiation of the new fast ship technology from the traditionally designed containerships and demonstrates the potential financial viability to owners of these new 'greyhounds'.     

参观香港冬季国际游艇展览有感

2005年12月3日-4日香港举办了新一届冬季国际游艇展览会，这是2005年香港举办的第二个国际游艇展。香港一向实行自由贸易的市场运作机制，绝大部分的国际展览活动都交由民间的私人商业机构来举办。在游艇展览方面，香港政府引入两家私人机构同年举办国际游艇展览会，意在繁荣活跃香港的水上活动。早在2005年4月初，香港西部的黄金海岸游艇会就举办了香港第8届国际游艇展览会。才过去半年时间，12月份香港政府又在香港东部西贡的匡湖居游艇会办展，     

造船企业生产物流的组织

介绍了造船企业生产物流的概念，分析了造船企业生产物流的特征，提出了合理组织造船企业生产物流的基本原则。从空间、时间以及人员三方面阐述了现代造船模式下的造船企业生产物流系统的组织形式。     

港口集装箱起重机钢丝绳使用情况调查与分析

24个码头的 5 0 0多台集装箱起重机的钢丝绳使用情况表明 ,国内港口所用钢丝绳的品牌规格较多 ,其中日本产品和国内产品的市场占有率较高 ,国内产品的消耗量最大 ;进口产品的性能普遍较好 ,而国内产品则性能质量差异较大 ,除少数品牌外 ,使用寿命较短 ;各国内部品牌之间的价格接近 ,欧洲产品价格最高 ,国产品牌价格低廉     

影响中国沿海雾中航行的环境因素及对策

该文对影响中国沿海雾中航行的环境因素进行了分析研究，提出了改善中国沿海航行环境的基本对策以及中国沿海雾中航行注意事项。对于保证船舶雾中航行安全，防止事故发生，具有重要意义。     

Cooperative tourism and the coastal zone

Abstract

Most tourist development takes place in the coastal zone. Concentrated tourist use continues in spite of opposition by groups who feel that any tourism, especially international, threatens both the natural environment and local values. Although shorelines and “coastscapes”; belong to all, decisions regarding them are made by relatively few. The number of community organizations involved in coastal zone management decisions varies from almost none in some Third World countries to dozens in places like Hawaii or California. Constructive use of coastal zones requires an understanding of the interactions between biophysical and social systems. Planning tourism in this context requires that all groups with an interest in the coastal zone join in a new “cooperative tourism”; in which all contribute to decisions and face ultimate responsibilities.     

航道护岸工程中基槽边坡稳定研究

航道护岸工程中经常发生基槽边坡滑坡失稳事故，从而造成经济和安全问题。因此，就滑坡发生机理进行研究对保障航道护岸工程顺利建设有重大意义。从极限平衡原理出发，分别运用Fellenius法和Bishop法验算了苏北某航道护岸工程开挖边坡的设计稳定性，并分析比较两种方法的差异，得出了在多层土的计算中有时会出现Fellenius法比Bishop法的安全系数略大的结论。结合工程实际中可能出现的渗流和超载等因素，计算得到边坡安全系数的变化规律和极限平衡状态时的临界负荷，从而提出了相应的预防渗流、控制超载等措施，可以为航道护岸建设提供参考。     

浅水高速艇的快速性研究

本文提供了一种内河浅水型高速艇艇型.针对该型线又进行了不同水深的阻力模型拖曳试验,并根据试验结果讨论了高速艇的浅水效应.结果表明,该艇的水动力性能优于常规的高速艇艇型.配合本文提出的带有侧进水口及底进水口的双进水口喷水推进系统的概念设计,该高速艇可在深水中高速航行、在浅水中安全航行,有效最小水深可和该艇的静态吃水相当.