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往复流不同入射角条件下跨海大桥桥墩局部冲刷研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
文章以港珠澳跨海大桥工程为依托,采用理论计算和模型试验的手段进行研究,在公式得到验证的基础上,针对往复流不同入射角条件下桥墩局部冲刷深度问题进行探讨。结果表明:潮汐往复流条件下,桥墩上下游均出现局部冲刷,且上游冲刷深度大于下游;当桥墩迎流面与往复流流向基本垂直时,桥墩局部冲刷深度理论计算值略大于模型试验值,误差均在10%以内;在顺流面长度大于迎流面宽度的矩形桩墩墩型条件不变时,桥墩局部冲刷深度随往复流来流入射角的增大以变速率增大,且当入射角大于一定值时,桥墩冲刷深度趋于稳定。 相似文献
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为研究桩承台桥墩基础局部冲刷机理及其局部冲刷影响特性,本文采用CFD软件建立三维水沙动力模型研究了矩形与梯形承台桩承台桥墩基础在不同承台高程下的局部冲刷特性。同时,采用HEC-18公式对矩形承台桩承台桥墩基础局部冲刷深度进行计算。研究结果表明:不同承台高程下将影响桩承台桥墩基础最大局部冲刷深度,且不同承台形状对周边水流产生不同的影响,说明承台在桩承台桥墩基础局部冲刷中具有举足轻重的作用,而HEC-18公式计算结果同样说明随着承台高程向泥面靠近,承台部分对局部冲刷深度贡献增大,且梯形承台桩承台桥墩基础增加及影响更为显著。 相似文献
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潮流对桩基局部冲刷的折减系数将随着相对流速和相对周期的增加而增大。在对称潮流涨急流速等于临界起动流速条件下,潮流冲刷折减系数仅为0.4~0.6之间;而当涨急流速超过2.1倍临界起动流速时,潮流冲刷折减系数达到0.9以上,因此使用冲刷折减系数时需要注意流速的大小。文章提出了"查图法"和"微分迭代法"两种方法来计算潮流条件下的桩基局部冲刷,经过验证计算结果与实测值吻合良好。实际海洋水动力环境是不断变化的,考虑非恒定水动力环境对桩基局部冲刷深度的影响机制将提高对冲刷深度预测精度。 相似文献
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对三峡坝区下游的黄陵庙至南津关长约28.5 km的河段进行了一维和二维非恒定流数值模拟。文中采用Presimann四点偏心隐式差分求解一维非恒定流,采用正交曲线坐标系下二维水深平均数学模型进行二维非恒定流计算。根据实测资料,由河段上、下游的黄陵庙、南津关(二)水位站测定的水位过程给定水位边界条件,通过河段中的莲沱、石牌、平善坝水位站的实测水位过程以及黄陵庙(陡)水文站实测的流量过程进行模型验证,结果表明一维和二维数模计算出的水位、流量过程与实测值符合良好。由于二维计算时间远大于一维,因此在拟定和优化三峡—葛洲坝联合调峰运行方案时可主要采用一维非恒定流模型,在某些工况下,因通航限制而需要限定局部河段流速时可采用二维非恒定流模型。 相似文献
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通过分析实验资料,研究电站日调节下泄非恒定流对系泊船舶系缆力的影响,得到了考虑流速、比降等因素的经验计算公式.该公式是建立在非恒定流的基础上,并且和试验实测成果进行了比较,虽经4个实例运用表明其计算值与模型实测值较吻合,计算精度较高,但由于实例有限,其公式的使用范围需在今后的工作中进一步论证和完善.可以考虑在具有类似条件水电站的非恒定流影响下系泊船舶系缆力计算中参考运用,具有一定的工程适用性和工程实用价值,为日调节下泄非恒定流的进一步研究和航道的整治提供参考. 相似文献
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电站日调节非恒定流对下游河道的影响是向家坝工程在运行时需要考虑的主要问题。通过长河段二维非恒定数学模型计算分析向家坝日调节非恒定流对落锅滩河段航道通航水流条件的影响,选取两种典型日调节工况和泄洪工况分析河段内水位、流量、流速等水力因素变化特性。结果表明,两种典型日调节工况下非恒定流传播至落锅滩水位变幅在1. 26~1. 46 m,泄洪工况下水位最大日变幅在2. 05~2. 96 m,非恒定流对河段产生了一定影响,根据目前通航标准来看,4种工况下河段内水力指标均能够达到通航水力指标。建议对坝下非恒定流特征及其对航道、港口码头的影响情况进行原型观测,积累实践经验,为进一步优化电站调度方案和下游航道维护等方面提供依据。 相似文献
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为分析乌江渡水电站泄流对下游乌江渡码头通航水流条件的影响,建立了乌江渡码头河段二维非恒定流水流数学模型,并运用实测水位流速资料对模型进行验证。对恒定流通航条件进行模拟分析。针对电站发电泄流代表方式,采用流速和比降历时变化、10 min水位变率,分析电站泄流引起的乌江渡河段通航水动力变化过程。结合船舶上行能力,分析电站泄流对船舶进港靠泊的影响。 相似文献
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建在海洋环境中的高桩码头,桩基础改变了水质点移动的路径和水流剪切力,可能产生海床土颗粒的运移或冲刷,这样的冲刷会给结构和基础的稳定性带来威胁。采用国内外5种常用公式,对高桩码头局部冲刷进行计算,并与工程的实测值进行对比分析。结果表明,将波浪和潮流进行叠加,得到波流共同作用的流速,再运用韩海骞和JS公式计算拟建工程区的桩柱局部冲刷深度是可行的。 相似文献
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群坝局部冲深计算试验研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
通过试验研究群坝局部冲刷问题 ,对群坝和单坝的水流现象进行了比较 ,分析了群坝局部冲刷与单坝局部冲刷的区别以及水流、坝距、坝长等因素对群坝各坝坝头局部冲刷深度影响 ,并根据试验资料提出了冲深计算公式。 相似文献
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《船舶与海洋工程学报》2017,(3)
Experimental investigations have been carried out to study morpho-hydraulic characteristics such as scour geometry and turbulent flow properties around tandem piers in alluvial channels. Experiments were carried out in a plane sand bed with two circular piers of same diameter arranged in tandem manner under no seepage, 10% seepage and 20% seepage conditions. Downward seepage minimizes the scour depth around piers and restrains the development of scour depth with time. Strong reversal flow is found near the bed at upstream of piers and near free surface at downstream of piers where velocity and Reynolds shear stress are found to be negative which reduce in magnitude with downward seepage. The flow is more critical within the gap between two piers where velocity is lesser near free surface and gradually increasing towards bed. Quadrant analysis shows that contribution of each event to the total Reynolds shear stress increases with downward seepage. Sedimentation effect prevails within the scour hole whereas outside the scour hole erosive forces become more dominant. Reduced reversal flow at upstream of pier because of downward seepage results in decreasing higher order moments and turbulent kinetic energy. At downstream of piers, secondary currents are dominant due to wake vortices. Strouhal number decreases in case of seepage runs than no seepage condition. 相似文献
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The present study examines scour geometry and turbulent flow characteristics around circular and oblong piers in alluvial channel with downward seepage. Experiments were conducted in plane sand bed of non-uniform sand under no seepage, 10% seepage and 15% seepage conditions. Scour depth at oblong pier is significantly lesser than the scour depth at circular one.However, the scour depth at both piers reduces with downward seepage. The measurements show that the velocity and Reynolds stresses are negative near the bed at upstream of piers where the strong reversal occurs. At downstream of oblong pier near the free surface, velocity and Reynolds stresses are less positive; whereas, they are negative at downstream of circular pier. The streamline shape of oblong pier leads to reduce the strength of wake vortices and consequently reversal flow at downstream of pier. With application of downward seepage turbulent kinetic energy is decreasing. The results show that the wake vortices at oblong pier are weaker than the wake vortices at circular pier. The strength of wake vortices diminishes with downward seepage.The Strouhal number is lesser for oblong pier and decreases with downward seepage for both oblong and circular piers. 相似文献
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The present study examines scour geometry and turbulent flow characteristics around circular and oblong piers in alluvial channel with downward seepage. Experiments were conducted in plane sand bed of non-uniform sand under no seepage, 10% seepage and 15% seepage conditions. Scour depth at oblong pier is significantly lesser than the scour depth at circular one. However, the scour depth at both piers reduces with downward seepage. The measurements show that the velocity and Reynolds stresses are negative near the bed at upstream of piers where the strong reversal occurs. At downstream of oblong pier near the free surface, velocity and Reynolds stresses are less positive; whereas, they are negative at downstream of circular pier. The streamline shape of oblong pier leads to reduce the strength of wake vortices and consequently reversal flow at downstream of pier. With application of downward seepage turbulent kinetic energy is decreasing. The results show that the wake vortices at oblong pier are weaker than the wake vortices at circular pier. The strength of wake vortices diminishes with downward seepage. The Strouhal number is lesser for oblong pier and decreases with downward seepage for both oblong and circular piers. 相似文献
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通州湾海区地形复杂,滩槽相间,形成涨潮漫滩和落潮归槽的潮流特征;同时又是粉砂质海床,泥沙易起动易落淤。潮流是该海区的主要动力,维持着该海区的滩槽格局。针对滩槽地形下复杂的潮流条件,以通州湾港区二港池匡围一期工程为例,利用MIKE21-HD二维潮流数值模型模拟分析不同东围堤特征工况下的潮流条件,推荐渡汛前的东围堤暂建长度,以控制堤脚位置的潮流流速。 相似文献