基于多目标粒子群优化算法的某轻型商用车操纵稳定性优化研究

针对某轻型商用车稳态回转时侧倾度偏大的问题对其悬架进行优化改进。基于ADAMS/car搭建整车多体动力学模型,通过前悬架反向平行轮跳试验、后悬架理论计算验证了悬架仿真模型的准确性。进行整车稳态回转工况和转向盘中间位置转向工况仿真分析,结果表明,车身侧倾度偏高。为实现操纵稳定性优化分析的流程自动化,提出了基于modeFRONTIER的联合仿真方法。以悬架设计参数为优化变量,以汽车的侧倾度与横摆角速度响应滞后时间为优化目标,采用拉丁超立方试验设计方法拟合得到混合代理模型,并结合多目标粒子群优化算法对悬架系统进行多目标优化,获得了悬架系统优化方案。优化结果显示,在不影响平顺性的前提下,汽车车身侧倾度降低了13.93%,横摆角速度响应滞后时间降低了2.75%,整车操纵稳定性得到了提升。     

重型汽车空气悬架侧倾角刚度分配对稳态回转试验影响

前后轴侧倾角刚度的分配,会影响侧倾时车辆的轴荷转移,进而影响轮胎的侧偏特性,对车辆的稳态回转有重要影响。本文运用Adams/Car软件建立车辆的动力学模型,前悬架不变,匹配不同的后空气悬架侧倾角刚度,用定转弯半径法仿真分析对车辆稳态回转试验的影响。     

基于操纵稳定性的某客车空气悬架系统结构改进

针对某空气悬架客车在行驶转向时车身侧倾角过大问题,提出在后空气悬架导向臂尾端添加车身侧倾稳定板的改进方案。对改进前、后空气悬架系统进行了KC分析,结果显示改进后的悬架系统侧倾刚度得到了有效提高。基于刚柔耦合建模方法,建立了改进前、后整车多体动力学模型。仿真结果显示改进后车辆稳态回转时车身侧倾角明显减小,不足转向度也有所改善;整车试验结果验证了仿真结果的正确性和改进方案的可行性。     

转向工况下车辆主动悬架的侧倾控制EI北大核心CSCD

鉴于车辆簧上质量的振动和车轮的振动耦合,特别是转向工况下,车轮转向角对车辆侧倾的影响,为减小车辆的侧倾并有效抑制车辆的振动,建立了带主动悬架的整车模型,并运用微分几何理论设计了侧倾及减振控制律,对整车模型进行解耦。经过解耦后,簧上质量的俯仰、侧倾和垂向运动互相独立;车轮转角对车辆侧倾的影响得到有效的抑制。仿真结果表明,采用微分几何解耦后,车辆的侧倾角、俯仰角和垂向振动以及横摆角速度的超调量皆大幅度地减小,车辆乘坐的舒适性和转向的稳定性显著提高。     

某全驱沙漠车悬架侧倾刚度设计研究

以某4x4全驱沙漠车为研究对象,提出了一种简化的整车数学模型,建立了整车侧倾角与板簧、横向稳定杆刚度的函数关系,得到悬架侧倾角刚度对整车侧倾性能的影响。并介绍了横向稳定杆角刚度计算方法,前后悬架侧倾角刚度匹配原则。     

转向工况下车辆主动悬架的侧倾控制

鉴于车辆簧上质量的振动和车轮的振动耦合,特别是转向工况下,车轮转向角对车辆侧倾的影响,为减小车辆的侧倾并有效抑制车辆的振动,建立了带主动悬架的整车模型,并运用微分几何理论设计了侧倾及减振控制律,对整车模型进行解耦。经过解耦后,簧上质量的俯仰、侧倾和垂向运动互相独立;车轮转角对车辆侧倾的影响得到有效的抑制。仿真结果表明,采用微分几何解耦后,车辆的侧倾角、俯仰角和垂向振动以及横摆角速度的超调量皆大幅度地减小,车辆乘坐的舒适性和转向的稳定性显著提高。     

扭转梁剪切中心与侧倾中心关系的一种确定方法及验证

应用图解法建立了扭转梁后桥横梁剪切中心与悬架瞬时侧倾中心的几何关系,推导出了悬架瞬时侧倾中心与扭转梁后桥剪切中心及各硬点位置关系的公式。采用上述公式,根据悬架瞬时侧倾中心的要求和各硬点位置,可以较快速确定扭转梁后桥剪切中心的合理位置。利用CAE仿真验证了公式的准确性;选取两款不同车型的扭转梁后悬架进行试验验证,也验证了公式的准确性。     

具有参数不确定性的重型货车抗侧倾输出反馈鲁棒H_∞控制

为了减小重型货车在转向操作时的侧倾角,从而避免货车转向时发生侧翻,可以通过在悬架中安装主动抗侧倾杆以补偿横向载荷转移的方法来实现.本文的分析为这一方法提供理论依据.运用基于线性矩阵不等式(LMI)的H∞控制理论,提出了基于观测器的抗侧倾输出反馈控制算法.通过对某具有一系列不确定性参数的重型货车侧倾一横摆动力学模型进行仿真,验证了此控制算法的有效性和鲁棒性.     

基于主动横向稳定杆的车身侧倾控制技术研究

文章首先进行了主动横向稳定杆结构和应用现状分析,研究了主动横向稳定杆核心零部件和系统的先进技术进展,接着分别介绍了汽车液压互联系统、电磁悬架、奔驰ABC悬架技术;研究车身侧倾控制技术更重要的意义在于降低车轮的侧倾转向角和侧倾外倾角,进而使转向更加中性并且提升汽车在弯道的极限性能。     

全承载客车侧倾优化及空心稳定杆的应用

正随着人们对乘坐舒适性要求的提高,近现代车辆悬架一般设计得比较软,在高速行驶转向时,车身会产生很大的横向侧倾和横向角振动。因此,杆式横向稳定器应运而生,并以成本低和结构简单而得到广泛应用。横向稳定杆对悬架侧倾角刚度的分配有很大影响,一般要求当侧向惯性力等于0.4倍的车重时,车身的侧倾角小于6度,同时为了满足汽车稍有不足转向特性的要求,前后悬架的侧倾角刚度比值一般取     

Roll Plane Analysis of Articulated Tank Vehicles During Steady Turning

The rollover immunity levels of articulated tank vehicles with partial loads are investigated. A static roll plane model of the articulated vehicle employing partially filled cylindrical tank is developed. The vertical and lateral translation of the liquid cargo due to vehicle roll angle and lateral acceleration, encountered during steady turning, are evaluated. The roll moments arising from vertical and lateral translation of the liquid cargo are determined and incorporated in the roll plane model of the vehicle. The adverse influence of the unique interactions of the liquid within the tank vehicle, on the rollover limit of the articulated vehicle is demonstrated. The influence of compartmenting of the tank on the steady turning roll response of the vehicle is analyzed, and an optimal order of unloading the compartmented tank is discussed.     

Roll Plane Analysis of Articulated Tank Vehicles During Steady Turning

SUMMARY

The rollover immunity levels of articulated tank vehicles with partial loads are investigated. A static roll plane model of the articulated vehicle employing partially filled cylindrical tank is developed. The vertical and lateral translation of the liquid cargo due to vehicle roll angle and lateral acceleration, encountered during steady turning, are evaluated. The roll moments arising from vertical and lateral translation of the liquid cargo are determined and incorporated in the roll plane model of the vehicle. The adverse influence of the unique interactions of the liquid within the tank vehicle, on the rollover limit of the articulated vehicle is demonstrated. The influence of compartmenting of the tank on the steady turning roll response of the vehicle is analyzed, and an optimal order of unloading the compartmented tank is discussed.     

An Experimental Study of a Prototype Active Anti-Roll Suspension System

Active roll control is known to offer substantial improvements in ride and handling performance over the most sophisticated passive suspension systems. However although many different active suspension systems have been discussed and analysed through simulation little information regarding experimental performance data from a prototype active roll control system has been published. This study focuses on the design, development, commissioning and experimental evaluation of a roll control suspension based on active anti-roll bar actuation. In tests, the prototype vehicle demonstrated excellent steady state and dynamic roll cancellation within the lateral acceleration range of 0.5g. Subjective assessments of the system confirmed the benefits of a level ride together with the added benefit accrued from the elimination of roll dynamics.     

扭转梁后悬架C特性对转向特性的影响分析

为分析扭转梁C特性对稳态转向性能的影响,文章以模态综合法建立了某乘用车扭转梁后悬柔性模型,对建立的原型车进行侧向力C特性仿真,与对标车进行对比发现仿真与试验值存大较大差异,且侧向力前束特性存在较大的过度转向趋势.通过优化安装衬套的刚度使得原型车与试验结果吻合,最后对整车进行稳态回转仿真发现,负的前束侧向力特性不利于转向,优化后的模型提高了整车不足转向.     

液罐汽车稳态转弯行驶侧倾特性研究

本文研究液罐汽车在不满载并以稳定车速转弯行驶的条件下,因液体货物质心位置的变化而引起汽车侧倾角的变化规律。建立了有关力学模型与数学模型。研究结果表明在装载条件相同的条件下与运送固体货物汽车比较,液罐汽车的侧倾稳定性变坏;加设纵向隔板对侧倾稳定性有改善作用。     

Computational model for analyzing the kinematics and compliance characteristics of a commercial vehicle’s front suspension system

This paper develops a computational model that can analyze the kinematics and compliance characteristics of the front suspension of a commercial vehicle. This computational model is called the flexible multi-body dynamic model because it is developed by interfacing the finite element model of the multi-leaf spring with the dynamic model of the front suspension. In this paper, the bump mode and roll mode tests are performed with a suspension parameter measuring device (SPMD). An excitation load for creating the bump mode and roll mode motion is applied on the left and right tires slowly in in-phase and out-of-phase modes. In the test, wheel rate, toe angle change, caster angle change, and camber angle change, which together represent the wheel alignment, are measured along with the longitudinal and lateral wheel center loci which together represent the wheel center trajectory change. The reliability of the developed computational model is verified by comparing the simulation results with the SPMD test results. The developed flexible multi-body computational model will provide useful information on kinematics and compliance characteristics in the earliest stages of the commercial vehicle design process.     

概念设计阶段扭转梁式后悬架建模方法研究

在ADAMS软件中采用分别生成后桥各零件柔性体模型后再进行装配的建模方法构建了后桥总成的柔性体模型,进而构建了全参数化扭转梁式悬架模型。通过对该悬架模型进行仿真分析,获取了车轮定位角、悬架侧倾角刚度等悬架关键特性参数的变化曲线。该曲线与利用K＆C试验台得到的该汽车后悬架相应特性参数的试验曲线进行比较表明,仿真结果和试验结果吻台较好．     

Design of active suspension and electronic stability program for rollover prevention

This paper presents a method for the design of a controller for rollover prevention using active suspension and an electronic stability program (ESP). Active suspension is designed with linear quadratic static output feedback control methodology to attenuate the effect of lateral acceleration on the roll angle and suspension stroke via control of the suspension stroke and tire deflection of the vehicle. However, this approach has a drawback in the loss of maneuverability because the active suspension for rollover prevention produces in vehicles an extreme over-steer characteristic. To overcome this drawback of the active suspension based method, ESP is designed. Through simulations, the proposed method is shown to be effective in preventing rollover.     

主动悬架系统对汽车侧翻稳定性改善分析

针对被动悬架系统侧翻稳定性比较差的问题,提出采用主动悬架系统的方法进行改善。通过汽车侧倾运动状态分析,建立了被动悬架系统、主动悬架系统和控制系统模型。模拟分析得到主动悬架系统使得汽车在弯道行驶时的侧倾角有效值下降了92.8%,侧倾角加速度有效值下降了78.2%,侧翻因子有效值下降了92.6%。结果表明:利用主动悬架系统可以有效地降低汽车非直线行驶时的侧倾角以及侧倾角加速度,提高汽车的侧翻稳定性,是提高汽车非直线行驶状态下安全性的一个合理的解决方案。