检查轮胎的几个要素

检查轮胎气压轮胎气压影响着汽车的安全使用性能和轮胎的寿命，因此，应经常检查轮胎气压。轮胎气压应符合规定要求，必要时进行补气和调整。现在的大多数家用轿车都使用了无内胎的子午线轮胎，对于前驱车来说，由于发动机、变速箱等重要驱动部件都压在前部，所以前轮看起来会有点瘪，目测是不准确的，一定要用专用的胎压表测量。     

汽车轮胎的合理使用

详细分析了轮胎气压、轮胎载荷、汽车行驶速度和前轮定位时轮胎寿命的影响。着重介绍了全国正在推广的子午线轮胎在轮胎气压、轮胎载荷、汽年行驶速度和前轮定位等方面的特点。在有关分析的基础上,提出了合理使用汽车轮胎的正确方法。     

轮胎使用14忌

忌轮胎气压不正常;忌无故紧急制动;忌选配不当;忌前轮前束值不正确;忌保管不善;忌高热天气不降温;忌长久停驶不支车;忌无故急转弯;忌超载、偏载;忌不进行轮胎换位;忌轮胎轴承紧度不合适;忌不及时更换;忌不及时拆掉防滑链;忌损坏修补不及时。栏目编辑:李凤荣轮胎使用14忌@魏新异     

轮胎的日常保养心得

<正>保持正确的轮胎气压行驶时应保持正确的轮胎气压。通常前轮、后轮、备胎的气压标准是有可能不一样的,要严格遵循汽车制造商所提供的车辆使用手册中提供的轮胎气压数据。通常轮胎气压也会在车辆门柱等部位用标签标出。经常检查轮胎状况时常检查轮胎,及早发现轮胎是否有鼓包、裂缝、割伤、扎钉、气门嘴橡胶老化和不正常的轮胎磨损等情况。特别应注意检查轮胎胎面及轮胎边缘的磨损,这有可能是由于定     

汽车轮胎损坏的影响因素分析

轮胎是车辆行驶的主要部件，其工作条件是很恶劣的，它除了支承车重外，还要传递扭矩和制动力，缓和车辆行驶受到冲击。如使用保养不好，将会加速磨损甚至报废。通常导致轮胎损坏的原因十分复杂，但一般情况下，高温、轮胎气压变化频繁且幅度大，以及驾驶操作与管理方面的因素，是导致轮胎损坏的重要原因。     

沙漠环境下米其林轮胎损坏的原因及预防

沙漠环境影响汽车轮胎使用寿命的因素是多方面的，但在新疆塔克拉玛干沙漠环境下，导致车辆轮胎损坏的主要原因是轮胎气压不当，环境温度高，外物损伤及齿轮油磨蚀。以米其林２４Ｒ２０．５轮胎为例，分析了上述因素对车辆轮胎损坏的影响，并提出了相应的预防措施。     

东风EQ2102N型汽车轮胎中央充放气系统的正确操作方法

轮胎中央充放气系统能在一定范围内方便地调整轮胎的工作气压,在不同的地面和气候条件下,通过调整前轮或中后轮的胎压,可以使车辆具有最大附着力,从而获得更好的通过性。但是不适当的轮胎气压可以导致轮胎迅速磨损,会影响车辆操纵性,如轮胎气压不应低于180千帕,如果轮胎气压过低,应立即停车调整轮胎压力。笔者以东风EQ2012N型汽车为例,介绍其轮胎中央充放气系统的正确操作方法。     

东风EQ20102N型汽车轮胎中央充放气系统的正确操作方法

轮胎中央充放气系统能在一定范围内方便地调整轮胎的工作气压,在不同的地面和气候条件下,通过调整前轮或中后轮的胎压,可以使车辆具有最大附着力,从而获得更好的通过性。但是不适当的轮胎气压可以导致轮胎迅速磨损．会影响车辆操纵性,如轮胎气压不应低于180千帕,如果轮胎气压过低,应立即停车调整轮胎压力。     

如何避免轮胎突然爆炸

一、认真贯彻执行国家颁发的机动车辆有关轮胎使用的规定,轮胎与钢圈装配紧密、正常,无裂损变形,气门嘴、帽齐全,轮胎气压符合标准,前轮不得装用翻新胎和内垫轮胎.     

影响汽车轮胎使用寿命的诸多因素分析

详细分析轮胎气压、汽车行驶速度、车轮动平衡、前轮定位、轮胎载荷及侧偏力等因素对车轮使用寿命的影响 ,提出了合理使用汽车轮胎的正确方法。     

中型载货汽车轮胎异常磨损的原因分析及解决措施

中型载货汽车轮胎常发生异常磨损现象，磨损形式是横向花纹轮胎呈锯齿状磨损，从胎冠上方向下看，胎肩处花纹块呈前高后低状，也有少部分呈前低后高状，形状似锯齿；纵向花纹轮胎一侧胎肩磨损明显大于另一侧。分析了此现象产生的原因，并提出了相应的解决措施。     

On the influence of tyre and structural properties on the stability of bicycles

In recent years the Whipple Carvallo Bicycle Model has been extended to analyse high speed stability of bicycles. Various researchers have developed models taking into account the effects of front frame compliance and tyre properties, nonetheless, a systematic analysis has not been yet carried out. This paper aims at analysing parametrically the influence of front frame compliance and tyre properties on the open loop stability of bicycles. Some indexes based on the eigenvalues of the dynamic system are defined to evaluate quantitatively bicycle stability. The parametric analysis is carried out with a factorial design approach to determine the most influential parameters. A commuting and a racing bicycle are considered and numerical results show different effects of the various parameters on each bicycle. In the commuting bicycle, the tyre properties have greater influence than front frame compliance, and the weave mode has the main effect on stability. Conversely, in the racing bicycle, the front frame compliance parameters have greater influence than tyre properties, and the wobble mode has the main effect on stability.     

Analysis of vehicle rollover dynamics using a high-fidelity model

Recent data show that 35% of fatal crashes in sport utility vehicles included vehicle rollover. At the same time, experimental testing to improve safety is expensive and dangerous. Therefore, multi-body simulation is used in this research to improve the understanding of rollover dynamics. The majority of previous work uses low-fidelity models. Here, a complex and highly nonlinear multi-body model with 165 degrees of freedom is correlated to vehicle kinematic and compliance (K&C) measurements. The Magic Formula tyre model is employed. Design of experiment methodology is used to identify tyre properties affecting vehicle rollover. A novel, statistical approach is used to link suspension K&C characteristics with rollover propensity. Research so far reveals that the tyre properties that have the greatest influence on vehicle rollover are friction coefficient, friction variation with load, camber stiffness and tyre vertical stiffness. Key K&C characteristics affecting rollover propensity are front and rear suspension rate, front roll stiffness, front camber gain, front and rear camber compliance and rear jacking force.     

轮胎制动与驱动特性的理论模型

轮胎印迹内垂直载荷的分布与形式的选择，对建立轮胎制动与驱动特性的理论模型有很大影响。根据轮胎制动和驱动时印迹内垂直载荷分布特性，以及轮胎的前后变形特性，建立了轮胎制动、驱动特性的理论模型。应用该理论模型的计算结果，与试验结果具有很好的一致性。     

Sliding mode-based lateral vehicle dynamics control using tyre force measurements

In this work, a lateral vehicle dynamics control based on tyre force measurements is proposed. Most of the lateral vehicle dynamics control schemes are based on yaw rate whereas tyre forces are the most important variables in vehicle dynamics as tyres are the only contact points between the vehicle and road. In the proposed method, active front steering is employed to uniformly distribute the required lateral force among the front left and right tyres. The force distribution is quantified through the tyre utilisation coefficients. In order to address the nonlinearities and uncertainties of the vehicle model, a gain scheduling sliding-mode control technique is used. In addition to stabilising the lateral dynamics, the proposed controller is able to maintain maximum lateral acceleration. The proposed method is tested and validated on a multi-body vehicle simulator.     

A combined-slip predictive control of vehicle stability with experimental verification

In this paper, a model predictive vehicle stability controller is designed based on a combined-slip LuGre tyre model. Variations in the lateral tyre forces due to changes in tyre slip ratios are considered in the prediction model of the controller. It is observed that the proposed combined-slip controller takes advantage of the more accurate tyre model and can adjust tyre slip ratios based on lateral forces of the front axle. This results in an interesting closed-loop response that challenges the notion of braking only the wheels on one side of the vehicle in differential braking. The performance of the proposed controller is evaluated in software simulations and is compared to a similar pure-slip controller. Furthermore, experimental tests are conducted on a rear-wheel drive electric Chevrolet Equinox equipped with differential brakes to evaluate the closed-loop response of the model predictive control controller.     

汽车高速化给维修业带来的新要求

随着汽车工业的发展和高速公路的普及，汽车的速度越来越来高，汽车在前轮定位，制动系以及轮胎等方面也发生了相应的变化，例如车轮外倾角由正值变为负值，前轮前束出现负值，前轮制动力大于后轮制动力，前轮主销内倾角增大等，这些变化在维修时应特别注意。     

The Influence of Structural Flexibilities on the Straight-running Stability of Motorcycles

A new tyre model for studies of motorcycle lateral dynamics, and three new motorcycle models, each incorporating a different form of structural compliance, are developed. The tyre model is based on “taut string” ideas, and includes consideration of tread width and longitudinal tread rubber distortion and tread mass effects, and normal load variation. Parameter values appropriate to a typical motorcycle tyre are employed. The motorcycle models are for small lateral perturbations from straight running at constant speed, and include (a) lateral compliance of the front wheel in the front forks, (b) torsional compliance of the front forks, and (c) torsional compliance in the rear frame at the steering head about an axis perpendicular to the steering axis.

Results in the form of eigenvalues, indicating modal damping properties and natural frequencies are presented for each model. The properties of four large production machines for a range of forward speeds, and the practicable range of stiffnesses are calculated, and the implications are discussed.

It is concluded that typical levels of structural compliance in models (a) and (c) contribute significantly to the steering behaviour properties of large motorcycles, and their observed behaviour can be understood better in terms of the new results than of those existing previously. Some conclusions relating to optimal structural stiffness properties are also drawn.     

Vehicle-Generated Road Damage: A Review

The literature concerned with road damage caused by heavy commercial vehicles is reviewed. The main types of vehicle-generated road damage are described and the methods that can be used to analyse them are presented. Attention is given to the principal features of the response of road surfaces to vehicle loads and mathematical models that have been developed to predict road response. Also discussed are those vehicle features which, to a first approximation, can be studied without consideration of the dynamics of the vehicle, including axle and tyre configurations, tyre contact conditions and static load sharing in axle group suspensions. The main emphasis of the paper is on the dynamic tyre forces generated by heavy vehicles: their principal characteristics, their simulation and measurement, the effects of suspension design on the forces and the methods that can be used to estimate their influence on road damage. Some critical research needs are identified.