一种新型多结构复合消波装置的性能试验研究

反射波的抑制是提升波浪水槽试验性能的关键。通过物理模型试验,在不同波长、波高、水深条件下,探究多层变孔径倾斜孔板消波装置对波浪的消波性能影响,并通过耦合添加塑料网状结构、水平板以及三角消波网等装置模块优化其性能。试验结果表明：多层变孔径倾斜孔板消波装置倾斜角度越小,消波装置的消波效果越好。多结构复合体能显著提高多孔倾斜消波装置的消波性能,尤其是三角消波网的引入能够在装置前方有效地使波浪发生聚集破碎。从试验结果可以看出,其明显改善了装置的消波效果,尤其是对长周期波。试验中优化的最终装置形态将反射系数控制在较低的水平。     

直立折叶板开孔式结构物之消波特性改善研究

文章延续林蔚等~([1])针对直立活动折叶板开孔式结构物的消波特性做进一步探讨,并以水工模型实验方式比较不同长度单消波室的消波能力,发现适当的折叶板配重,可以让消波室内外波动达到同步而提升其消波效果,但是消波室长度也可能造成舱内的水体振荡与相位变化,而有较大的反射率。综合检讨后,获致结论为消能结构物的消波机制系由开孔岸壁及消波室的消波功能与排水机能所共同组成,消波室长度不一定能消减波能反而激活振荡。如能分项加强其消波工,应可有效提升消波能力。     

数值波浪水槽末段孔隙结构消波性能的研究

基于Flow3D有限差分求解程序建立数值波浪水槽模型,造波段采用线性波浪理论生成周期表面波,末段采用沿水槽纵轴方向具有渐变垂向孔隙率的孔隙结构以消除反射波,研究结果表明该孔隙结构对规则波具有良好而稳定的消波效果。通过"三点法"入、反射波分离程序求解波浪的反射系数,探讨各方向孔隙率、消波段末端孔隙模块的垂向孔隙率、孔隙结构等分份数、消波装置的总长度等因素对消波性能的影响,寻求消波性能最佳的参数组合。     

带横隔板开孔沉箱所受波浪力的研究

研究了斜向波与无限多开孔沉箱的相互作用。依照结构物的几何形状,整个流域被分成无限多个子域,在每个子域内应用特征函数展开法求解速度势。对于沉箱内的波浪运动,引入相位差概念;同时,在构造反射波模型时,考虑了结构物的几何形状影响。进行了数值试验,分析了开孔沉箱水平波浪力及横隔板受力特点,详细讨论了波浪入射频率、入射角度、相对消浪室宽度及开孔影响系数对开孔沉箱波浪力的影响。     

基于DualSPHysics的数值波浪水槽研究

为更好地研究强非线性波浪问题(波浪翻卷、破碎及其与结构物相互作用等),基于DualSPHysics开源平台进行二次开发,采用SPH方法建立了二维数值波浪水槽。运用强制修正粒子加速度的方法实现阻尼消波功能,通过监测推波板前水位变化并实时修正造波信号实现了主动式消波功能,并对消波模块的阻尼消波性能和主动式消波性能进行了详细测试。结果表明,新型阻尼消波层的长度控制在1~2/3倍波长内即可形成可靠的开放式边界,主动式消波功能可将70%以上的能量反射波吸收。     

基于SPH的浮式防波堤消波效果分析研究

浮式防波堤是一类布置在近海区域或浅水流域的重要海洋工程结构物,主要作用是避免从远海传播的波浪对其附近水域内的船舶或其他浮式结构物的安全作业环境构成威胁,提供一个较为平稳的区域水体环境。文章使用光滑粒子流体动力学(Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics,SPH)方法,基于悬链线方程理论,开展浮式防波堤与系泊系统耦合水动力数值分析方法的研究。基于流固耦合理论,编写SPH计算程序,数值求解浮式防波堤在不同波浪载荷下的运动特征,分析影响防波堤消波特性的主要因素。     

透空式双排圆筒防波堤消波性能数值模拟研究

双排圆筒防波堤是一种新型透空式防波结构,具有结构形式简单、利于水体交换、生态环境友好等优势,适用于软土地基海域的后方防护。双排圆筒防波堤利用前排桩、后排桩和后排挡浪板形成复杂的波浪掩护作用。为了研究该新型防波堤结构的消波性能,采用开源计算流体力学软件OpenFOAM,建立基于有限体积法和VOF模型的三维数值波浪水槽,开展了不同布置情况工况下的数值模拟。模拟结果表明,双排圆筒的消波性能受到前后排间距、前排圆筒间距等布置参数影响,模拟工况双排圆筒消波率在34%～50%。     

双层开孔斜挡板透空式防波堤消浪性能研究

针对一种新型双层开孔斜挡板透空式防波堤消浪性能问题,研究挡板开孔率和挡板倾斜角度对防波堤消浪性能的影响。采用物理模型试验方法,得出其反射和透射系数、波能分布和堤后波幅频谱特征结果。结果表明,斜挡板开孔率越大,防波堤透射系数也越大,但在试验范围内,透射系数均小于0. 5;该类型防波堤对波浪有较好的消能性,对较长周期波以反射为主,较短周期波以消浪室消能为主,整体透射系数较短周期波略大;防波堤设计斜挡板比平挡板透射系数小,具有更好的消浪性能,最小透浪仅为后者的39%。     

水下平板式防波堤流场分析

潜在自由水面以下的水平单板可作为一种新型的防波堤形式.为进一步揭示板式防波堤结构的消波原理,文章以水下平板式防波堤为例,利用边界单元法对平板周围的流场进行分析.研究发现:其主要消波原理为利用板上部水体产生的板上逆流与入射波浪发生强烈作用,在板的两端产生消浪区,使得流体区域内的水质点运动速度减小.     

框架型半潜式消浪结构消浪特性研究

为对框架型半潜式消浪结构的消浪特性进行研究,采用边界元方法对比分析了在规则波作用下,半潜式消浪结构和不同类型浮式消浪结构周围浮体运动响应RAO变化及堤后波浪场云图变化情况。结果表明,波浪的入射角度、相对吃水深度对浮式消浪结构的消波效果具有很大的影响;框架式半潜式消浪结构在相同条件下的透射系数明显低于其他三种常见的浮式防波堤结构;对多体半潜式消浪结构稳定性影响最大的为浮体的横摇方向。研究表明,相同工况下框架型半潜式消浪结构的透波度更低,能更好的发挥结构的消波效果。     

Errata

正In the paper"Influence of Fouling Assemblage on the Corrosion Behaviour of Mild Steel in the Coastal Waters of The Gulf of Mannar,India"in Vol.12,No.4,Page:509,References were lost,and the two authors’biographies were identical.The correct text is shown below.We apologize to the authors and our readers for any inconvenience caused by the errors.     

Journal of Marine Science and Application 2014 Sum. Contents

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第34届海洋、离岸及极地工程国际会议(英文)

正St.John's,Newfoundland,Canada,May 31-June 5,2015 OMAE2015 is the ideal forum for researchers,engineers,managers,technicians and students from the scientific and industrial communities from around the world to: meet and present advances in technology and its scientific support;     

联合作战计划和执行系统

全球指挥控制系统(GCCS)实施当前美国海军网络中心战信息基础设施的联合计划网络。联合作战计划和执行系统(JOPES)支持GCCS实现联合计划。JOPES有两类计划：时间不限的精密预案计划生成作战计划、方案计划或职能计划；时间敏感的危机行动计划生成作战命令或战役方案。前者在和平时期创建的作战计划是后者的计划基础，加速应付危机的能力。     

Eastbound or westbound ?

In terms of equal sailing distances, where is the inflexion when ships depart from ports in the Asian Continent to New York via Suez and/or Panama？
The answer is China South Port Group （Hong Kong, Shenzhen and Guangzhou）.     

Recent progress on wave induced loading measurements in warships

Recent measurements of wave induced hull strain and flexure in RN warships are presented together with the derivation of the current design criteria for extreme hull girder bending loads. The history of the development of the shipboard instrumentation used is given and recent developments to improve the quality and ease of analysis of the data are described. An unexpectedly high transverse asymmetry in the longitudinal strains measured in destroyers is shown to be the result of a combination of vertical and lateral bending in oblique seas. Finally recent theoretical comparisons between the loading of Deep-Vee hulls and conventional UK rounded bilge hulls are presented which demonstrate the higher loading experienced by this type of hull form.     

桥梁防撞设施物理模型试验

物理模型试验是预报防撞设施所受撞击力及优化设计方案的主要方法之一。结合杭州湾大桥柔性防撞设施及东海大桥独立式防撞体设计方案,阐述了船—防撞体撞击试验的基本原理、方法、试验方案及相关试验结果。提出了柔性防撞系统的优化方案。试验结果表明,该方案经济有效,可供预报类似桥梁防撞设施撞击力时参考。     

印尼某电厂码头水工建筑物设计

印尼某电厂项目码头水工建筑物包括码头、防波堤和护岸等主要组成部分。在该项目水工建筑物的设计过程中,综合考虑当地的自然条件、施工能力和材料来源等因素,不断优化结构选型和结构断面。根据不同使用要求,护岸分别采用直立式和斜坡式2种结构型式,推荐的设计方案节省投资、施工方便,可供同类工程设计参考。     

Impact of regulation on the performances of long-distance transport services: A comparison of the different approaches in Sweden and Norway

Despite the many socio-economic similarities between Sweden and Norway, differences in jurisdiction, organisation, cooperation, and financing of long-distance passenger train and coach services have led to the development of four distinctively different ways of serving the markets. This paper describes how the train and coach markets have developed in the two countries, with emphasis on regulatory and industrial structure and a couple of performance variables.Looking at passenger rail, both countries separated infrastructure from operation over a decade ago. However, while Norwegian rail is characterised by an almost monopoly supplier, rail services in Sweden are partly decentralised to the responsibility of county authorities and are widely subjected to competitive tendering. The rest of the network is about to be opened up for on-the-track competition. Swedish Rail (SJ) has spent the last decades consolidating its core business (passenger rail) and sold out its other businesses. In contrast, the Norwegian state rail (NSB) has expanded its business to become a major bus operator and property owner, with extensions also into the Swedish market.The coach industry was more recently deregulated in both countries. The Swedish coach market is dominated by privately owned companies operating services to and from Stockholm. In Norway, state-owned NSB is a major coach operator on medium distance routes, and is also the largest partner of Nor-Way Bussekspress which totally dominates long-distance coach services. Further, the Norwegian coach market is characterised by cross-ownership and cooperation which has enabled an extensive route network which covers most of Norway.We find distinct differences in achievements in the two modes and in the two countries. Swedish rail services have succeeded in winning market shares and in renewing and developing both infrastructure and service levels to a greater extent than the Norwegian model. On the other hand, the Norwegian coach market seems to be more developed and efficient compared to its Swedish counterpart.The paper concludes with a discussion on the possible links between the different approaches and the performance observed, with the aim to stimulate further and more detailed research on some important issues.     

开放式数据挖掘系统模型

目前国内已经出现了少量的数据挖掘相关产品。国内数据挖掘软件无论从数量还是质量上比较，都与国外软件存在着较大的差距。随着数据仓库技术的普及，数据挖掘应用的需求越来越强烈，如何缩短这种差距，研发数据挖掘软件产品成为国内业界的一个重要问题。通过引用目前国际通用数据挖掘标准技术来构建开放式的数据挖掘系统模型，该系统模型从可扩展性、可重用性、易用性等方面得到了加强。