船舶柴油机连杆大端轴瓦镀层剥落研究

本文采用金相显微镜和冷场发射扫描电镜对轴瓦损坏部位进行磨损形貌观察分析,对连杆大端轴承进行系统的轴心轨迹、油膜压力计算,重点分析运行过程中轴承各部位滑油压力分布及其在0～720°曲轴转角范围内滑油压力的变化,最终得出损坏的原因是穴蚀.     

某型引进船用柴油机连杆大端轴瓦镀层剥落研究

文章采用金相显微镜和冷场发射扫描电镜对轴瓦损坏部位进行磨损形貌观察分析,对连杆大端轴承进行系统的轴心轨迹、油膜压力计算,重点分析运行过程中轴承各部位滑油压力分布及其在0°~720°曲轴转角范围内滑油压力的变化,最终得出损坏的原因是穴蚀。     

大船轴系校中的检验

近几年来,与主机直接相连接形式的轴系校中工作越来越引起了船检、船东、船厂和主机专利公司的高度重视.受重视的主要原因是有一些船厂在交船过程中或交船后船舶保修期内频繁出现艉管轴承或主机主轴承的损坏现象,出现多起船舶满载、主机热态情况下的曲轴臂距差超过主机专利公司推荐值的现象,并由此引起了从英国劳氏船级社开始,多家船级社跟随,对船舶轴系校中的章节做了较大幅度的改动,对检验工作提出了更多的检验项目与要求.本文通过对大型船舶轴系校中的难点分析指出了其检验要点.     

柴油机曲轴断裂原因新析

针对柴油机曲轴断裂的原因,提出了一种新见解--"油楔力"的作用是加速曲轴断裂的一个主要原因.指出"初始裂纹"是曲轴断裂的危险信号;交替变形产生的交变负荷是"油楔力"能量的来源;"油楔力"的作用使裂纹加速扩展,从而导致曲轴载荷截面尺寸不足而发生突然折断,使曲轴断裂发生在材料疲劳破坏之前.消除初始裂纹是曲轴安全运转的保证.     

船舶柴油机曲轴裂纹的有限元模态分析

针对曲轴在实际使用过程中,经常发生由于疲劳裂纹而引起的断裂事故.以机械振动模态理论为指导,通过CAXA建立曲轴模型,导入ANSYS进行模态分析,研究曲轴含裂纹前后两种状态下的动力学特性,为曲轴裂纹的识别提供了判据依据.     

基于应力云图和有限元的柴油机曲轴疲劳强度分析

柴油机在运转过程中受到剧烈的振动,会使轴系附件损坏,喷油、气阀定时遭到破坏,严重时会影响柴油机的平衡性,加剧柴油机的噪声,甚至会造成曲轴疲劳断裂。本文通过对船舶主机曲轴—轴系进行建模,采用曲轴三维整体模型,并在Ansys Workbench中进行预处理,对曲轴实体模型进行网格化分。再借助有限元软件Ansys进行受力分析,得出曲轴变形量和应力云图。最后对其进行疲劳强度分析,重点研究在气缸力、轴承支撑力以及推进轴系载荷三者作用下的曲轴疲劳强度。     

某破冰船船体振动故障分析及排除

引起船体振动的原因很多,涉及到船机桨各方面因素,船体超标的振动危害很大,将引起船体共振、结构损坏、战技术指标下降等,文章分析、查找出引起船体超标振动的原因,并制定合理的修理方案排除故障.     

船用低速柴油机曲轴轴向振动研究

以船用大功率低速柴油机柔性体曲轴为对象,在考虑气体力、运动部件惯性力、扭纵耦合效应等因素的情况下,建立曲轴、连杆、活塞的刚柔混合动力学模型。通过数值仿真,分别对连杆推力、连杆法向力和切向力对曲轴轴向振动的影响进行分析。分析结果表明：法向力是曲轴轴向振动的直接激励源,切向力是曲轴轴向振动的间接激励源-切向力引起曲轴扭振,进而引起曲轴纵振;同时法向力和切向力对曲轴轴向振动的影响非常相近;而连杆推力(法向力和切向力合力)引起的曲轴轴向振动是扭纵耦合振动的结果,并非两种分力作用结果的简单叠加。     

大型船用曲轴磨床整机的动静态性能仿真分析及优化

基于三维仿真分析软件Pro/ENGINEER,建立了大型曲轴磨床的三维几何模型与虚拟样机仿真模型.首先通过Pro/E的多体动力学仿真子模块,对船用曲轴磨床进行曲轴加工时的配重平衡仿真分析,极大减小了曲轴加工时由不平衡引起的激振力.其次采用结构分析模块Pro/Mechanica,对机床床头箱的刚度进行了结构优化分析,不仅提高了曲轴在加工时的支撑刚度,同时也改善了磨床动态刚度.通过以上的仿真分析,优化了曲轴磨床的动静态特性,有效保证了船用曲轴的加工精度.     

某轮副机曲轴断裂事故原因分析及预防措施

文章结合柴油机曲轴的工作条件,对某轮副机曲轴断裂事故的内在和外在原因进行了分析,并针对该事故的原因对柴油机曲轴的日常维护管理提出了建议。     

Errata

正In the paper"Influence of Fouling Assemblage on the Corrosion Behaviour of Mild Steel in the Coastal Waters of The Gulf of Mannar,India"in Vol.12,No.4,Page:509,References were lost,and the two authors’biographies were identical.The correct text is shown below.We apologize to the authors and our readers for any inconvenience caused by the errors.     

Journal of Marine Science and Application 2014 Sum. Contents

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第34届海洋、离岸及极地工程国际会议(英文)

正St.John's,Newfoundland,Canada,May 31-June 5,2015 OMAE2015 is the ideal forum for researchers,engineers,managers,technicians and students from the scientific and industrial communities from around the world to: meet and present advances in technology and its scientific support;     

联合作战计划和执行系统

全球指挥控制系统(GCCS)实施当前美国海军网络中心战信息基础设施的联合计划网络。联合作战计划和执行系统(JOPES)支持GCCS实现联合计划。JOPES有两类计划：时间不限的精密预案计划生成作战计划、方案计划或职能计划；时间敏感的危机行动计划生成作战命令或战役方案。前者在和平时期创建的作战计划是后者的计划基础，加速应付危机的能力。     

Eastbound or westbound ?

In terms of equal sailing distances, where is the inflexion when ships depart from ports in the Asian Continent to New York via Suez and/or Panama？
The answer is China South Port Group （Hong Kong, Shenzhen and Guangzhou）.     

Recent progress on wave induced loading measurements in warships

Recent measurements of wave induced hull strain and flexure in RN warships are presented together with the derivation of the current design criteria for extreme hull girder bending loads. The history of the development of the shipboard instrumentation used is given and recent developments to improve the quality and ease of analysis of the data are described. An unexpectedly high transverse asymmetry in the longitudinal strains measured in destroyers is shown to be the result of a combination of vertical and lateral bending in oblique seas. Finally recent theoretical comparisons between the loading of Deep-Vee hulls and conventional UK rounded bilge hulls are presented which demonstrate the higher loading experienced by this type of hull form.     

桥梁防撞设施物理模型试验

物理模型试验是预报防撞设施所受撞击力及优化设计方案的主要方法之一。结合杭州湾大桥柔性防撞设施及东海大桥独立式防撞体设计方案,阐述了船—防撞体撞击试验的基本原理、方法、试验方案及相关试验结果。提出了柔性防撞系统的优化方案。试验结果表明,该方案经济有效,可供预报类似桥梁防撞设施撞击力时参考。     

印尼某电厂码头水工建筑物设计

印尼某电厂项目码头水工建筑物包括码头、防波堤和护岸等主要组成部分。在该项目水工建筑物的设计过程中,综合考虑当地的自然条件、施工能力和材料来源等因素,不断优化结构选型和结构断面。根据不同使用要求,护岸分别采用直立式和斜坡式2种结构型式,推荐的设计方案节省投资、施工方便,可供同类工程设计参考。     

Impact of regulation on the performances of long-distance transport services: A comparison of the different approaches in Sweden and Norway

Despite the many socio-economic similarities between Sweden and Norway, differences in jurisdiction, organisation, cooperation, and financing of long-distance passenger train and coach services have led to the development of four distinctively different ways of serving the markets. This paper describes how the train and coach markets have developed in the two countries, with emphasis on regulatory and industrial structure and a couple of performance variables.Looking at passenger rail, both countries separated infrastructure from operation over a decade ago. However, while Norwegian rail is characterised by an almost monopoly supplier, rail services in Sweden are partly decentralised to the responsibility of county authorities and are widely subjected to competitive tendering. The rest of the network is about to be opened up for on-the-track competition. Swedish Rail (SJ) has spent the last decades consolidating its core business (passenger rail) and sold out its other businesses. In contrast, the Norwegian state rail (NSB) has expanded its business to become a major bus operator and property owner, with extensions also into the Swedish market.The coach industry was more recently deregulated in both countries. The Swedish coach market is dominated by privately owned companies operating services to and from Stockholm. In Norway, state-owned NSB is a major coach operator on medium distance routes, and is also the largest partner of Nor-Way Bussekspress which totally dominates long-distance coach services. Further, the Norwegian coach market is characterised by cross-ownership and cooperation which has enabled an extensive route network which covers most of Norway.We find distinct differences in achievements in the two modes and in the two countries. Swedish rail services have succeeded in winning market shares and in renewing and developing both infrastructure and service levels to a greater extent than the Norwegian model. On the other hand, the Norwegian coach market seems to be more developed and efficient compared to its Swedish counterpart.The paper concludes with a discussion on the possible links between the different approaches and the performance observed, with the aim to stimulate further and more detailed research on some important issues.     

开放式数据挖掘系统模型

目前国内已经出现了少量的数据挖掘相关产品。国内数据挖掘软件无论从数量还是质量上比较，都与国外软件存在着较大的差距。随着数据仓库技术的普及，数据挖掘应用的需求越来越强烈，如何缩短这种差距，研发数据挖掘软件产品成为国内业界的一个重要问题。通过引用目前国际通用数据挖掘标准技术来构建开放式的数据挖掘系统模型，该系统模型从可扩展性、可重用性、易用性等方面得到了加强。