试论沥青路面材料的再生工艺及专用机械设备的发展

沥青混凝土路面是目前国内外道路交通的主要面层结构,而沥青材料的热溶解特性,使沥青混合料能够较为容易地实现再生利用。作为节能减排和固废利用的重要组成部分,沥青混合料再生利用的工程规模及其技术进步也反映了一个国家或地区国民经济的发展和技术进步的总体水平。注重并优化沥青混凝土路面材料的再生工艺,并以符合技术条件的专用设备完成作业是路面材料高质量再生利用的前提和必要条件。     

沥青路面材料的再生利用及其作业参数的优化选取

目前国内外的高等级道路,其上部的面层结构主要是由沥青混合料铺筑的黑色路面,对在其保养和修复过程中产生的大量沥青路面旧材料的再生利用具有显著的经济和环保效益。本文针对目前材料再生技术和实施工艺的一些不足,特别是如何保证材料的再生质量,减少和规避沥青材料的“二次老化”等问题提出了相应的改进和优化措施。     

基于材料就地再生的多功能养护车作业工艺及经济效益分析

多功能养护车是完成沥青路面病害快速处置的现代化作业机具,而将路面材料的就地再生利用作为养护车的标准配置是其作业功能的重要拓展,且是道路养护现代化的主要标志之一。探讨路面材料再生工艺及相关技术参数的优化对于保证和提高再生材料的路用质量、降低加热能源消耗和环境保护具有重要的现实意义。     

厂拌热再生沥青混合料研究与应用进展

沥青路面的再生利用是一个具有环境效益和经济效益的生产过程,符合可持续发展的社会目标。本文在对现有沥青路面热再生利用技术进行研究和总结的基础上,从再生材料及配合比、再生剂、再生工艺三个方面阐述了国内外沥青路面热再生利用技术的研究进展,以期能为今后的研究与应用提供参考。     

废食用油改性沥青制备技术与性能研究综述

文章介绍了不同废食用油的物化性质,汇总了当前废食用油改性剂预处理技术与改性沥青制备工艺,总结了国内外对WCO改性沥青的各项路用性能研究。现有成果表明：WCO预处理技术与改性工艺对WCO改性沥青性能的影响显著,采用优质WCO材料作为再生剂或多元复配改性剂可显著提高沥青路用性能,WCO作为一种废弃物高值化循环应用的经济资源将成为今后研发的重点之一。     

高速公路改扩建工程废旧道路材料再生利用技术

本项目分别采用泡沫沥青冷再生和水泥稳定冷再生技术对现有道路进行改造扩建,针对废旧沥青路面各结构层材料铣刨工艺、回收路面材料性能、再生混合料组成设计和施工工艺等关键技术问题进行了系统研究,编制了沥青路面泡沫沥青冷再生技术规范和沥青路面再生施工技术指南,实现了资源循环利用、节能减排,经济社会效益显著,推广应用前景广阔。     

沥青混凝土路面就地热再生技术在高速公路施工中的应用

通过就地热再生试验路段的实施,对沥青路面回收材料(RAP)进行评价。确定了矿料级配设计、再生剂用量、最佳新沥青用量、新混合掺料量、工艺控制和质量要点,为沥青混土路面就地热再生技术方案的确定提供了依据。     

海母再生技术在日兰高速路面大修中的应用

海母(HiRM)再生技术采用旧路面回收材料,冷拌工艺施工,具有"低能耗、低排放"特点,在日兰高速路面大修工程中进行海母(HiRM)再生技术的试验段验证,取得良好的使用效果。     

水泥稳定砂砾就地冷再生工艺及其节能环保意义

道路损坏后路基和路面材料的再生利用不仅能够节约大量宝贵的筑路材料,而且具有重要的环境保护意义。采用冷再生技术将原有旧路面材料以专用机械作业方式进行就地再生,并将其作为水泥稳定砂砾摊铺在原有道路上并作为新铺道路的基础是实现上述理念的成功尝试。     

沥青混凝土路面常见病害的处置及路面材料的再生利用

由于车辆对公路的反复碾压以及自然光候的长期作用,沥青路面必然会产生各种不同表现形式的破损。研究路面病害形成的机理及筑路材料的物化特性,进而以合理的工艺完成路面病害的处置,并对处置过程中产生的路面材料进行再生利用,不仅直接影响到公路的修复质量,节约大量宝贵的筑路材料,而且具有重要的环境保护意义。     

Analysis of factors affecting the choice of route of pedestrians

Pedestrians as compared to vehicular traffic enjoy a high degree freedom of movement even in heavily congested areas. Consequently, there are more alternative links available to pedestrians between a given origin‐destination (O‐D) pair. This paper describes a study done by the University of Calgary to evaluate the factors affecting the choice of route on intra‐CBD trips or trips within the Central Business District (CBD).

An origin destination survey conducted in downtown Calgary, Alberta enabled the identification of the most significant factors influencing the choice. These factors were analyzed in relation to the physical characteristics of the location, personal characteristics of the trip maker and the type of the trip.

It appears that most people chose the shortest link and factors such as the level of congestion, safety or visual attractions were only secondary. This suggests that the length should be made a major consideration when planning and designing pedestrian links.     

输油管道中原油乳状液的流变性研究

原油乳状液的流变性是原油开采后在管道中输送的重要研究方面,为了更好地研究这一性质,采用电动搅拌机、偏光显微镜以及流变仪等仪器来测定不同含水率的原油乳状液在不同条件下的黏度,观测不同含水率的原油乳状液在偏光显微镜下的形态。并且分别对原油乳状液的黏度与含水率之间的关系以及与剪切速率之间的关系进行研究,初步确定了所测区块原油乳状液的转相点以及该区块原油乳状液的流变特性,为生产中的油气集输提供了理论依据。     

Preliminary results of an analysis of areas of influence in Shanghai

The main deficiency of most current modeling approaches to transportation can be identified as neglect of the integration of existing geographical knowledge in regard to the ex ante transport/land use modeling approaches, with its focus on territorial dynamics and theory development. This paper addresses this aspect of the problem by introducing a theoretical and methodological framework for the analysis of the interrelationship between land uses. The analysis attempts to determine to what extent the functional land use in a city can be considered an ordered pattern. The order sought does not rely on purely spatial configurations, but on the correlation of transportation and land use. The first section of this paper focuses on theoretical considerations. It stresses the fact that conventional approaches do not apply in the present context. It then suggests an alternative based on areas of influence and measured in terms of level of attractance of land uses. The second describes a procedure based on this alternative following the remarkable contribution of Hanjoul, Beguin and Thill. An application of this procedure to the analysis of Shanghai is then examined. Finally, an evaluation of the strategies for optimizing the interrelationship between land uses is presented. The paper concludes with a possible research agenda.     

埋地管道防腐保温层失效评价

明确埋地管道防腐保温层的技术评价标准,对埋地钢质管道的安全运行,延长管道使用寿命具有重要意义。为了对埋地管道防腐保温层做出有效评价,从间接检测与开挖检测2个方面,结合现场检测数据,提出了基于防腐保温层的电流衰减率、绝缘电阻率、质量状况与厚度的分级评价标准及基于4种评价指标的综合评判方法。工程实践表明,该评价标准对防腐保温层是否存在失效能做出有效判断。     

城市轨道交通杂散电流监测系统概述

介绍了城市轨道交通工程中杂散电流不同的监测系统的构成,分析了集中式、分散式和智能型等监测系统的配置和功能,以及智能型实时在线监测系统的重要意义,为轨道交通工程杂散电流监测系统的选择与应用提供参考。     

实现多组态计量软件集中监控的可行性分析

天然气自动计量系统有多种组态软件,由于软件的不相通性,造成了计量系统数据采集的通用性差、数据传输与入库的时效性差、数据利用的可靠性低.结合各组态软件的实际情况,从设计上充分利用Oracle大数据处理能力以及Partition(分区表)的特性,实现历史数据的存储,应用WebService与COM+数据访问组件提供多层数据访问架构,采用OPC与DDE工业数据交换协议,实现了各站场计量数据的实时上传,为连续数据采集和实时监控提供了可能,节约了改造成本.     

注汽管道承压能力评估和实物试验验证

基于失效评估图技术对某注汽管道进行了承压能力评价,给出了管线在不同腐蚀壁厚情况下的极限承压能力和极限裂纹尺寸。并利用实物爆破试验验证了评价方法的安全性和有效性,通过对爆破断口进行宏观和微观分析,发现管段的开裂属于脆性开裂。     

Non-parametric analyses of efficiency of airports

This paper estimates the efficiencies and productivity changes of 12 international airports in the Asia-Pacific region based on data from 1998 to 2006. We apply stochastic frontier analysis (SFA) to compute efficiency estimates and use the Malmquist productivity index (MPI) to analyze productivity changes. We use the SFA model with a translog-type production function after testing the statistical hypotheses. According to the results of the SFA hypothesis tests, airports have experienced a technological regression; the deviations from the efficiency frontier are caused more by technical inefficiency than random noise. However, the inefficiency was found to decrease. The MPI reveals a declining trend resulting more from technological change than from efficiency change, with a decrease in inefficiency. Taken together, both the hypothesis tests and the MPI not only provide consistent conclusions, but also suggest that airports should concentrate on technological progress.     

波纹管应力分析研究进展

评述了波纹管应力理论研究方法的进展情况，围绕解析法、工程近似法和数值法，对波纹管理论研究中的一些主要成果作了较详细的回顾和总结，对各种研究方法作出了评价，展望了亟待解决的一些问题。     

Direct analysis of the perceived importance of attributes of reliability of travel modes in urban travel

Reliability of travel modes was found to be the most important characteristic of transportation systems in several attitudinal investigations of individual travel behavior. This paper represents the first part of a research effort aimed at gaining a better understanding of the characteristics of reliability of transportation modes in urban travel. In this research, reliability characteristics are identified; their importance relative to each other is assessed, and an insight into possible structure of an objective reliability index is discussed. The research is based on perceived values of reliability, which were identified through a large attitudinal survey conducted in the Chicago metropolitan area.