Education influence in traffic safety: A case study in Vietnam

It is well known that traffic accidents are of high importance to the public health spectrum around the world. Moreover, in developing countries such as Vietnam, the mortality rate from road traffic accidents is rather high in comparison with other Southeast Asian countries. Not only do the majority of the people killed and seriously injured significantly affect the quality of life of the citizens, but traffic accidents also negatively impact a nation's economic and social development. Statistics show that far more people are injured or die in traffic accidents than are afflicted by any of the most serious diseases. The very high occurrence of traffic accidents in Vietnam has become one of the country's major social issues. The importance of human factors in transport policy discussion is growing. There is a realization that policy options that appear beneficial in principle have to be checked for their feasibility of implementation. Understanding and describing driver behavior become a challenge when one tries to identify driver errors in determining accident/conflict causal factors and countermeasures.In recent years, having understood the serious effects of traffic accidents on society at large, scientific researchers, traffic engineers and policy makers in Vietnam have developed many projects and conducted research in the field of traffic safety. The human factor is also considered to be the central element in the whole system. The final goal is to organize a traffic environment that is convenient and safe for road users.This article explains the application of the risk analysis approach in evaluating influences of education and enforcement in traffic safety.     

Traffic management project in Phnom Penh

Traffic congestion and accidents are major issues in Phnom Penh, the capital city of the Kingdom of Cambodia. An inefficient signal system and lack of traffic discipline contributed to the unfavorable traffic conditions. A comprehensive traffic management project was recently implemented. An area traffic control system that controls traffic signals in the city based on the traffic conditions was introduced, and other traffic management improvement works such as pavement markings, traffic signs, and median dividers were installed. The project is making a positive impact on road users. Efficient operation and maintenance are key factors for the project to sustain its benefits.     

山区集散二级公路接入口安全处置对策研究

山区集散二级公路交通组成复杂,沿线开口多,路侧行车干扰大,支路口无序接入极易引发交通事故。对接入口交通安全的影响因素进行了深入分析,按照交通特征等将接入口分为3种类型,提出了接入口安全保障对策,并以云南某二级公路为依托工程,对接入口改善措施进行效果评价。采用的接入口安全处置对策,对山区集散二级公路接入口的建设、管养均能适用,对于其他等级公路接入口处置同样具有指导作用。     

迎接高速公路时代—中国汽车相关技术问题的考察

中国正迎来高速公路时代，高速公路时代安全行车在技术因素方面涉及车辆的构造，道路设施与运行管理，在人的因素方面涉及驾驶习惯。保养与车检，安全运行的宣传教育与管理等。     

山区公路交通流随机干扰基本模型研究

山区公路因而受线形、纵坡和路面状况等因素的影响,其事故率高于其他公路。随机干扰因素作为山区公路事故发生的重要因素,一直是山区公路使用者的困扰,也是交通管理部门进行交通安全管理的难点。常规交通流模型大多不太适用于山区公路,为了研究适用于山区公路交通安全管理的交通流随机干扰模型,分析研究了山区公路交通流随机干扰交通特性,利用交通流宏观分析的欧拉方程方法以及拉格朗日方程微观分析方法建立了山区公路交通流随机干扰基本模型。     

我国交通安全宣传教育的问题分析与建议

交通安全的宣传教育作为交通安全管理的重要内容,在宣传道路交通法律法规、预防和控制交通事故、促进道路交通综合治理等方面起着重要作用,但目前我国的道路交通安全宣传教育存在着法律欠完善、体制欠周全以及工作有待深入等一系列问题。从分析道路交通事故的整体特点入手,阐述道路交通安全宣传教育的重要性,分析了我国交通安全宣传教育过程中存在的问题并提出相关建议,供相关部门参考。     

Traffic problems in Southeast Asia featuring the case of Cambodia's traffic accidents involving motorcycles

This article provides the background to the special issue by reviewing the status of traffic problems in South East Asian countries, and in particular, the case of Cambodia. The “Make Roads Safe” report by the Commission for Global Road Safety (2011) confirms traffic accidents as the primary cause of youth mortality worldwide. Thus, the United Nations declared the decade from 2011 to 2020 as the “UN Decade of Action for Road Safety 2011-2020”, promoting road safety and to reduce the number of deaths in road accidents by 2020. Furthermore, the “Sustainable Development Goals” adopted in 2015 highlight the important role of sustainable transport in tackling the exclusion of vulnerable groups. On the other hand, the World Health Organization in 2015 indicate an increase in the death rate due to traffic accidents in low-income countries since 2000. Traffic accidents were already recognized as a social problem before the 2000s in countries such as Thailand and the Philippines. At the same time, other ASEAN member states such as Vietnam and Cambodia which have experienced rapid economic growth since the 2000s are now experiencing the seriousness of traffic problems. It is said that 70% of road accidents in Thailand, Cambodia and Laos involve motorcycles and three-wheelers, but despite this situation, the regulatory framework for motorcycles remains undeveloped. In the case of Cambodia, speeding by young people remains the major cause of road deaths and this can be explained by the fact that people can now travel at a higher speed because of road developments but remaining challenges related to underdeveloped traffic legislation, and limited public awareness and knowledge of road safety are overlooked. In 2010, the Cambodian National Road Safety Action Plan 2010–2020 was drafted, aiming to halve the number of deaths in traffic accidents in 2020. However, in reality, the number of road deaths did not decrease to the level anticipated in the action plan until 2016. In this article, the authors emphasize the importance of implementing the “three Es” namely Engineering, Enforcement and Education in developing countries such as Cambodia. In particular, the authors claim that the role of education to increase people's road safety awareness is neglected compared to the other two dimensions and thus, it is highly important to raise people's road safety awareness through education among the young people.     

基于GIS的道路交通安全管理体系研究

在深入分析道路交通事故致因的基础上,寻求道路交通安全管理的关键因素,为道路交通安全管理结构体系的建立提供依据。结合地理信息系统在交通安全管理上的应用特点,进行道路交通管理信息系统的数据检测与采集、事故分析、安全评价和事故决策支持系统的框架研究,并给出了实例。     

公路平面交叉口驾驶行为研究

面对目前公路平面交叉口交通事故严重的现状,为了公路平面交叉口交通事故致因分析和加深对交叉口驾驶行为的了解程度,探讨了公路平面交叉口驾驶行为理论,总结了目前道路交通系统交通事故原因及其导致事故所占比例,分析了交叉口交通系统,给出了影响交叉口驾驶行为的具体因素。在驾驶行为三阶段基础上,研究了交叉口驾驶行为模型,分析了交叉口驾驶行为特征和交叉口驾驶行为与交通事故发生的一般关系。并针对驾驶失误和不安全驾驶行为给出了防止措施,以减少交叉口交通事故。     

特殊天气环境下山区公路调控体系的建立

特殊天气环境下山区公路易受到多种气候条件的影响,产生多类自然灾害及交通事故,导致公路车辆运输、物流、旅客输送受到一定限制。公路养护部门每年都要针对各种恶劣气候制定应急预案,确保公路及时有序畅通,减少交通安全事故。文章分析了特殊气候环境下的公路调控体系。     

Education influence in traffic safety: A case study in Vietnam

It is well known that traffic accidents are of high importance to the public health spectrum around the world. Moreover, in developing countries such as Vietnam, the mortality rate from road traffic accidents is rather high in comparison with other Southeast Asian countries. Not only do the majority of the people killed and seriously injured significantly affect the quality of life of the citizens, but traffic accidents also negatively impact a nation's economic and social development. Statistics show that far more people are injured or die in traffic accidents than are afflicted by any of the most serious diseases. The very high occurrence of traffic accidents in Vietnam has become one of the country's major social issues. The importance of human factors in transport policy discussion is growing. There is a realization that policy options that appear beneficial in principle have to be checked for their feasibility of implementation. Understanding and describing driver behavior become a challenge when one tries to identify driver errors in determining accident/conflict causal factors and countermeasures.In recent years, having understood the serious effects of traffic accidents on society at large, scientific researchers, traffic engineers and policy makers in Vietnam have developed many projects and conducted research in the field of traffic safety. The human factor is also considered to be the central element in the whole system. The final goal is to organize a traffic environment that is convenient and safe for road users.This article explains the application of the risk analysis approach in evaluating influences of education and enforcement in traffic safety.     

基于大数据城市ITS构建绿色低碳交通系统

近年来,伴随我国人口密度增多,因城市道路系统复杂性所造成的高峰拥堵、交通污染、突发事故等时有发生.本文通过对城市智能道路系统的分析,构建绿色低碳的智慧公交系统.有效提升城市交通综合运营及管理能力,提升城市经济良好发展.     

道路交通事故痕迹鉴定的方法及建议

近年来,在我国机动车保有量持续增加、国家道路交通基础设施日益完善的背景下,为群众的出行、交通带来了较大的便利,但是在此背景下我国道路交通事故呈现出急剧的增长,产生了较大的负面影响。在开展道路交通事故痕迹鉴定的过程中,想要得到精准、有效、科学的结果,那么则需要充分的运用到各科知识与理论,不难看出近年来国内道路交通事故痕迹鉴定水平有着明显的提升,但仍然存在着部分待解决的问题,对此有必要加强对该问题的研究,并根据实际情况提出相应的建议与对策,进而更好的对道路交通事故责任进行认定。     

International analysis on social and personal determinants of traffic violations and accidents employing logistic regression with elastic net regularization

While the number of road fatalities is declining in developed countries, it is still increasing globally, especially in middle-and low-income countries. In addition to the driver's individual awareness and attitude toward traffic safety, various factors such as the development of road infrastructure and the legal system may have a significant influence on the occurrence of traffic accidents. Thus, it is essential to consider these factors to enhance traffic safety and achieve Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) Targets of 3.6.In this study, we developed an Elastic Net Regression model to evaluate the factors that influence an individual's traffic violations and accidents based on an international questionnaire on traffic safety attitude, country fact survey data on traffic regulations, and other statistical databases. As a result, it was revealed that: i) In addition to country-level factors, the individual's attributes and attitudes toward traffic safety have an influence on the experience of traffic violations and accidents. and ii) While the same variables regarding individual attributes and attitudes are selected for both traffic violations and accidents, the selected variables relating to country factors differ between violations and accidents.     

An investigation of factors contributing to major crash types in Japan based on naturalistic driving data

Traffic accident statistics suggest that the human errors contributing to major crash types in Japan are predominantly failures in safety confirmation and hazard recognition that result in delayed response. A naturalistic driving data acquisition system was developed to investigate the human factors that contribute to such accidents. A preliminary analysis was performed to evaluate the efficiency of the collected naturalistic data. An analysis of vehicle-to-motorcycle conflict data demonstrated that types of recognition failure differ by types of traffic situation encountered. This result suggests that naturalistic driving data can provide valuable information for investigating the factors that contribute to the risk of human error.     

道路交通安全管理规划理论与应用研究

分析了我国近年来道路交通安全形势,结合〈中华人民共和国道路交通安全法〉的要求,对编制道路交通安全管理规划的相关理论进行了研究.研究从探讨道路交通安全系统出发,提出了道路交通安全管理规划的定义和编制规划应遵循的原则,并给出了规划思路、规划技术路线和规划内容的建议.最后结合城市介绍了规划的实际编制过程.     

城市道路网饱和度模型及其应用

饱和度是反映道路交通状况的一个重要指标,也是评判道路服务水平的一个重要基准。目前所涉及到的饱和度仅指某一路段或交叉口的饱和度,且关于它的模型方法已比较成熟,但它仅是一个反映城市道路局部交通状况的量。文章从城市道路网整体出发,通过饱和度影响因素分析,探讨了道路网交通空间容量与路段通过能力、交通需求与路段交通量之间的相互关系,建立了城市道路网饱和度模型。算例分析表明,该模型简单、合理、实用。     

道路平面交叉口车辆违章右转弯行为识别研究

城市道路交叉口场景复杂,流量巨大,是交通事故多发地点。而交叉口处车辆违章转弯是造成事故多发的重要原因之一。因此,研究道路交叉口处违章转弯车辆的检测、跟踪与识别技术对于减少交叉口处的事故发生,提高通行能力和服务水平具有重要的意义。本文利用计算机视频技术,并结合道路交叉口交通信号相位特性以及车道内行车标志线等信息,研究了交叉口处违章右转弯车辆的检测与跟踪算法,给出了违章右转弯行为的判定方法。     

我国道路运输行业推行安全评估的必要性

我国道路交通安全形势比较严峻,在道路运输行业推行安全评估是降低道路交通事故的有效途径之一,通过分析,证明安全评估是必要的,而且是可行的。     

路段动态特征中的交通组成因素研究

基于对交通流建模过程中将车型单一考虑为标准小汽车,忽略了现实交通量中车型的不同构成,本文通过对不同车型的动力特性进行标定,将其特性反映在跟车模型与车道变换模型中,并且利用交通仿真技术,分析了交通量构成对路段行程时间、车速、延误等动态特性指标的影响。