考虑服务水平的信息系统运维服务提供商二级价格歧视研究

通过分析在线性需求和非线性需求条件下,两寡头竞争性信息系统运维服务提供商在二段和n段定价中实施二级价格歧视时,服务水平对提供商的价格和利润的影响,从而得到了服务水平与价格和利润的关系.研究表明:在线性需求条件下,服务水平与价格和利润成正比,且服务水平必须维持在较高的水平之上才能保证盈利,而在非线性需求条件下,服务水平很低时两家提供商仍会保持盈利;同时文中也得出不同分段需求区间的分段点.研究二级价格歧视为信息系统运维服务提供商考虑服务水平定价提供参考.     

基于服务价值异质性的优先权服务定价研究

因为客户在单位时间内的等待成本不相同,服务商一般会对客户采用不同的分类服务,在提高顾客满意度的同时提高服务商的收入,然而分类服务也会导致不同类型顾客之间服务价值的异质.文中以非抢占式M/M/1服务系统为背景,从客户无法选择离开服务系统(垄断型)和客户能选择离开(非垄断型)两种系统进行研究.首先构建顾客效用模型、在系统均衡状态下构建相应的企业收益函数、顾客效用函数和社会福利函数.然后分析这3个优化目标并提出相应的最优解.结果表明：在以上两种系统中,服务商应采用分类服务,以获得最优收益和社会福利;取消分类服务顾客效用最优.同时给出了顾客分类服务最优定价和相应的顾客最优比例,为服务商采取顾客分类服务、优先权定价提供了理论依据与参考.     

一种基于构件的权限控制安全平台的实现

在企业信息化建设过程中,普遍存在不同时期建设的信息系统中的用户管理、权限控制和日志审计管理各不相同,在对信息系统的运维管理提出较高要求的同时,也关系着企业的信息安全。结合国内科研院所企业信息系统建设现状,提出设计开发一套基于构件的权限控制安全平台,实现统一授权和审计管理并成功应用,提高了企业的信息系统运维管理效率,加强企业信息系统的安全性能。     

技术投入影响需求时易逝品的动态定价

文中在零售商对易逝品进行技术投入的同时,还考虑了库存衰减率.以企业利润最大化为目标,建立动态定价模型,寻求易逝品销售的最优策略.首先利用哈密尔顿函数建立零售商的利润函数,然后利用最优控制理论得出不同参数下零售商的最优策略,接着将此定价策略代入忽略库存衰减率的利润模型,跟原模型所得利润进行比较,得出忽略库存衰减率会对零售商造成极大利润损失的结论,最后利用灵敏度分析研究不同参数下零售商忽略库存衰减率时利润损失的变化.     

高速电磁执行器的性能优化

针对一种具有强电磁力密度特性的高速电磁执行器开展性能优化研究。建立高速电磁执行器多物理场耦合仿真模型，通过计算得到不同参数对电磁力密度的影响规律，结合量化分析方法筛选得到3个电磁力密度的关键影响因素；采用最优拉丁超立方试验设计方法建立电磁执行器开启过程中的平均电磁力密度及总响应时间的近似模型；基于建立的近似模型构建电磁执行器性能的多目标优化模型，并采用NSGA-Ⅱ算法求解得到Pareto解集，结合最小距离法确定最优解。结果表明：优化后的电磁执行器在开启过程中的平均电磁力密度提升了14.9%，总响应时间减小了26.7%，空间利用率及动态响应特性均得到提升，研究结果可为高速电磁执行器的优化设计提供理论指导。     

基于互联网和大数据的船舶运维管理系统

对于当前舰船运维管理访问方法中,存在的舰船运维管理的均衡性较差,资源运维管理的错位现象严重,网络资源运维管理后的共享效果不理想等问题。提出基于互联网和大数据的船舶运维管理方法,利用蝙蝠算法,对舰船信息网络大数据进行运维管理。其中,对蝙蝠种群进行初始化,并对蝙蝠种群的适应度值进行计算,从中选取目前的最优解;对是否达到终止条件进行判定,假设是,则输出最优解,反之对脉冲频率,以及蝙蝠飞行的速度,和蝙蝠目前的位置进行更新;在最优解的周围生成新的局部解,根据判断条件对新的局部解是否接受进行判断,寻找目前的最优值及最优解,判断是否达到了终止条件,如果是输出最优解,以解决当前算法中存在的问题。实验表明,所提算法不仅提高了船舶信息传输网络的运维管理资源的均衡性和共享性,还降低了访问错位现象的发生频次。     

通风方式对大空间火灾吸气式烟雾探测效果的影响

采用模拟仿真技术分析大空间发生火灾时,不同机械通风方式下,烟雾流动的特征规律,在一个防火分区内计算2种机械通风方式下探测响应时间。结果显示,侧面送风方式响应时间较顶上送风方式长,侧面送风对整个空间烟雾扩散影响较大,在侧面送风方式下,可以采用较小间距的采样孔布置方案,以提高探测效率,缩短响应时间。     

B2C零售商配送定价策略对消费者购买行为的影响

文中研究了在B2C环境下零售商采取不同配送定价策略对于消费者购买行为的影响.通过引入消费者效用函数,建立了消费者剩余模型;通过消费者剩余的最大化,得到消费者在B2C零售商给定产品价格、免运费水平以及运费等条件下的购买决策.结果表明:零售商的配送定价策略会影响消费者的购买行为,B2C零售商采取不同的免运费水平时,对商品心理预期不同的消费者会做出不同的购买决策.     

基于大数据平台的船舶远程运维系统

船舶营运数据通常具有多源且异构的特点,为实现数据集成应用,降低实施成本,通过对大数据平台技术进行研究,提出一套适用于船舶远程运维的大数据平台架构。利用岸端大数据平台的存储和计算资源进行数据关联分析和信息融合,在系统功能分层结构的设计框架下向用户提供应用软件服务,以适应不同船型的运维管理需求。在某散货船上应用该系统,从船舶装备运行和能源消耗管理等方面给出各纬度的运营报告和可视化展示,为航运企业的船舶远程运维数字化管理提供参考。     

结合PLC和Labview的船舶发电机组测试系统

在船舶发电机组测试过程中,受到测试程序的影响,使得系统响应时间较长。因此,提出结合PLC和Labview的船舶发电机组测试系统开发研究。硬件部分针对电气控制柜、电子负载进行设计,软件部分在PLC技术的作用下,完成测试流程和发电机组测试数据的控制。通过以太网,建立PLC和Labview的通信以促进测试过程中变量数据的传递。最后,在Labview程序的作用下,利用不同函数和工具完成发电机组测试并以报表形式呈现测试结果。实验结果表明:额定功率条件下,本文系统的平均响应时间相比2种传统系统分别减少了1.04 s,1.18 s;功率递增条件下,本文系统将响应时间降低了68%,65%。     

Ship service life extension considering ship condition and remaining design life

Reliable and continuous operation of ships is vitally important to the decision-makers. Driven by the rising cost of newbuilding ships, maintenance actions are needed on existing ships to ensure safe and enduring service beyond their initial design life. Extending ship service life can provide economic operating profit and promote sustainability. Meanwhile, ships during their extended service life may involve higher failure risk and additional maintenance expenditure. Therefore, a cost-benefit evaluation is imperative for determining the optimal duration of service life extension (SLE) and the associated maintenance actions. In this paper, a novel method for this purpose is proposed. Two cost-benefit indicators, benefit-cost ratio (BCR) and net present value (NPV) are used to optimize the duration of SLE. Using Bayesian updating, information on the remaining design life and the structural condition at the SLE decision is incorporated into the optimization process to better inform SLE decision-making. The proposed method is illustrated by a fatigue-sensitive very large crude carrier (VLCC) at both structural component and structural system levels.     

基于非均匀连续时间马尔可夫原理的海上浮式风机齿轮箱最优维修策略研究（英文）

Gearbox in offshore wind turbines is a component with the highest failure rates during operation. Analysis of gearbox repair policy that includes economic considerations is important for the effective operation of offshore wind farms. From their initial perfect working states, gearboxes degrade with time, which leads to decreased working efficiency. Thus, offshore wind turbine gearboxes can be considered to be multi-state systems with the various levels of productivity for different working states. To efficiently compute the time-dependent distribution of this multi-state system and analyze its reliability, application of the nonhomogeneous continuous-time Markov process(NHCTMP) is appropriate for this type of object. To determine the relationship between operation time and maintenance cost, many factors must be taken into account, including maintenance processes and vessel requirements. Finally, an optimal repair policy can be formulated based on this relationship.     

面向服务的信息栅格组件框架技术研究

在分析几个代表性网格系统的基础上,通过对信息栅格应用流程建模,抽取信息服务模型,设计了一种基于主流信息服务的栅格组件框架,实现了服务管理、注册、消息映射和服务同步等技术,支持栅格信息服务的快速和标准化开发与部署.     

A dynamic model for marginal cost pricing of port infrastructures

ABSTRACT

A dynamic model for marginal cost pricing of port infrastructures links costs to system performance by combining a power-law function with time-dependent queueing analysis. Additionally, the model incorporates the marginal cost of capacity, including the effects of economies of scale. This allows the calculation of the marginal cost price under a dynamic framework. The model accounts for nonlinear behaviour of port demand, which is sensitive to price and service levels. The effects over time of cost and service levels on the port’s operational performance are quantified. The proposed model allows determining the optimal timing for capacity investment. The model is a starting point for the application of marginal cost pricing to ports. However, for practical application of such pricing method it is necessary to apply a system’s approach, as productivity and costs must be assessed at the terminal’s component level. This should allow the derivation of a marginal cost function at the terminal’s component level.     

Time series prediction based on LSTM neural network for top tension response of umbilical cables

The umbilical cable is an essential component of offshore oil and gas extraction systems. The severe marine environment poses a high challenge to the safety of the umbilical cable structure during operation. The analysis of an umbilical cable requires complex and resource-demanding finite element time-domain simulations to obtain their nonlinear dynamic response. Therefore, in order to solve the problem of structural safety monitoring and real-time assessment of remaining life of umbilical cables under extreme sea states, there is a great need to predict the dynamic response of umbilical cables quickly and accurately during operation, for ease of making fast decisions for system operation and maintenance before the arrival of extreme sea states. Given the strong nonlinear function-approximation ability of the neural network, this study proposes an efficient method for the prediction of the time series of umbilical cable top tension response based on LSTM (long short-term memory) neural network. We use LSTM neural network and ARIMA (autoregressive integrated moving average) model in a real engineering case for time series prediction of the top tension response of the umbilical cable, and the results of the two models are analyzed and compared, and the efficiency and accuracy of the LSTM neural network model are verified. Furthermore, the hyperparameter, dataset and generalization ability of LSTM model are discussed. The results indicate that feasibility of the tension response prediction of umbilical cables under dynamic load in complex marine environments.     

葛洲坝船闸水工建筑物运行维护管理实践

葛洲坝船闸水工建筑物的质量直接影响水利枢纽的使用寿命。葛洲坝船闸运行38年以来,严格执行国家、部颁法律法规及标准对其水工建筑物进行运行维护管理,建立科学规范的维护管理体系,加强日常巡查、仪器监测、日常维护和监测数据管理,采取船闸监测设施自动化改造、结构缝渗漏处理等工程处理措施,创新船闸检修施工方法、工艺和技术,构建船闸快速检修体系,组建专业船闸检修队伍,不断提升运行维护的管理能力和水平,从而确保葛洲坝船闸水工建筑物安全、稳定运行。     

A break-even model for evaluating the cost of container ships waiting times and berth unproductive times in automated quayside operations

The planning, design and development of a container terminal with optimum size and capacity and with a minimum capital cost is fundamentally dependent upon the loading and discharging operations at the quayside. The quayside function of container terminals is dependent basically on the number of berths available to service the incoming container ships. The objective of the container terminals dealing and admitting the ongoing ship calls is to provide immediate berth and loading and discharging services to the container ships with a minimum costly waiting time and a maximum efficiency. Previously terminal planners used to build extra berths to provide service. During the last two decades the terminal operators have adopted automation technologies in loading and discharging operation of the container ships as an alternative to designing extra berths. Ship owners naturally expect least waiting times for their container ships. On the other hand, it is also natural for port operators in a container terminal with costly facilities to see a high berth occupancy and productivity at the quayside. This study uses queuing theory to find a break-even point as a way of evaluating the cost of container ship waiting times and the cost of berth unproductive service times for container terminals aiming to automate their quayside operation. The analysis illustrates that automation devices installed on conventional Quayside Cranes (QSCs) significantly reduce the turnaround time of the container ships calling at the ports. It argues, however, that there should be a balance between the cost of berth unproductive service times and the cost of vessel waiting times. The study introduces a break-even point to be considered as a benchmark for calculating such a balance. The analysis in this study can be used as a decision tool for the operators of container terminals in the medium to small ports to appraise the feasibility of an investment in automation or expansion of the quayside facilities.     

齿轮齿条爬升式升船机驱动系统运行可靠性分析

针对升船机运行可靠性问题,以齿轮齿条爬升式升船机驱动系统为研究对象,根据可靠性理论,在统计驱动系统运行维护数据的基础上,综合分析停机故障次数和故障检修停航时间对运行可靠性的影响,计算得出驱动系统及其部件的运行可靠度,提出提高驱动系统运行可靠性的建议:应高度重视驱动齿轮托架机构、电气传动设备、传感检测装置等机电设备的维护检修和优化完善,充分考虑设备检修的便利性;基于停机故障次数和故障检修停航时间的运行可靠度计算分析方法,能准确反映升船机的运行可靠性。     

基于Java 开源框架的港口信息服务系统设计*

港口决策支持系统标准化、规范化,有助于提高港口规划建设效率和港口管理水平.为此,基于成熟的Java开源框架,采用Web GIS、Ajax、数据持久化等技术,给出基于多种开源框架的港口信息服务系统的4层体系结构图,来解决数据库管理、地理信息查询,用户体验增强等系统建设中的关键问题,进而提高港口信息服务系统的通用性和扩展性.     

Hybrid Electric Drive for DDG-51 Class Destroyers

The first of the Arleigh Burke class destroyers is nearing its mid-life. This class of ships was designed during the late 1970s through the 1980s to meet the threats that were prevalent at that time. Since entering service in 1991, these ships have shown themselves to be extremely versatile and the class now consists of nearly 60 ships in service. Their combat systems have been continually upgraded and adapted to meet the new threats the United States faces today. However, in order to keep these platforms viable throughout the first half of the 21st century, their operating costs must be reduced. Manpower, maintenance, and fuel are three of the top operating cost drivers. Most surface combatants spend very little of their underway time operating at full speed or even close to that. Over 1/3 of their underway time is spent at 12 knots and under. This is less than half of their maximum speed and only a fraction of the maximum power owing to the cubic speed–power relationship. Although the existing mechanical drive system is reasonably efficient, the main gas turbines are extremely inefficient at these very low power levels. A shaft-mounted auxiliary electric propulsion system (EPS) can take advantage of excess capacity in the ship service generators to reduce the main engine operating hours. Enabling bi-directional power flow from this auxiliary electric drive will provide additional generation capacity for ship service loads at a modest additional cost. It also provides a "cross-connect" capability from one shaft to the other. This paper will explore one prospect for reducing the operating cost of the DDG-51 class of ships by installing an auxiliary EPS that would powered by the ship service electrical plant. This additional system would serve to reduce both underway fuel usage as well as maintenance on the gas turbine main engines by reducing the number of operating hours on each engine. We will examine the technology trade-offs in this ongoing study.