中英港口水工建筑物规范中荷载组合规则的要点分析

比较中英港口水工建筑物规范的荷载组合规则的一致性与差异性,中国各设计规范中荷载组合规则存在局部不一致,而英国标准BS 6349与欧洲统一设计标准保持较好的一致性。结合某码头工程实例,按中国标准荷载组合规则设计比按英国标准设计的灌注桩的主筋用钢量高约20%。     

基于英国标准的地连墙码头结构设计中的荷载组合

英标BS6349作为世界通用的海港工程设计规范,适用于世界上大多数国家的码头设计。本文介绍英标BS 6349的荷载组合原则,并以埃及苏赫纳第二集装箱码头工程为例,阐明了使用英标进行地连墙码头结构设计的荷载组合方法,为类似的海外港工结构分析提供参考。     

中美日板桩码头抗震设计方法比较研究

板桩码头是一种国内外常用的码头结构形式,其中抗震计算和设计是一项重要内容.对中国、美国和日本码头规范中板桩码头抗震设计的方法进行了对比分析,通过一个实例具体说明了按中国、美国和日本规范进行板桩码头抗震设计的步骤,可供修订中国码头抗震设计规范或工程设计人员参考.     

中英规范重力式方块码头抗倾抗滑对比分析

重力式码头稳定性的验证方法主要有:单一安全系数表达的极限状态设计方法;以概率论为基础,以分项系数表达的极限状态设计方法。《重力式码头设计与施工规范》(1987)和BS 6349(1988)均采用安全系数法;JTS167-2—2009《重力式码头设计与施工规范》和BS 6349(2010)均采用以概率论为基础,以分项系数表达的极限状态设计方法。重点对比分析中国与英国BS新、旧规范在抗滑、抗倾计算上的差异,结合现有重力式方块码头工程实例,根据其计算结果验证分析的准确性,供海外项目重力式方块结构设计参考。     

港口结构抗震设计方法的发展（4）

以我国、美国和日本的港口码头设计规范、手册为基础,对我国、美国和日本港口码头抗震设计的方法进行了分析,同时介绍了国际航运协会标准《港口结构抗震设计指南》的有关规定。此系列论文共分6部分,该文为第4部分,分析和比较了我国、美国和日本规范中重力式码头和板桩码头抗震设计的方法。比较表明,对于重力式码头抗震设计,我国规范计算惯性力时考虑了加速度系数沿码头高度的变化,日本规范在基于地震危险性分析结果确定的地震系数中包含着要求控制的变形。对于板桩码头抗震设计,我国、美国和日本规范计算拉杆拉力和板桩墙弯矩时采用的方法不同。     

基于分项系数法的板桩式坞墙稳定性设计

目前现行的JTS 190—2018《船厂水工工程设计规范》规定板桩式坞墙稳定性按照JTS 167—2018《码头结构设计规范》中有关板桩码头的相关条文进行验算,但板桩码头的水压力比坞墙小,直接采用板桩码头“踢脚”稳定性验算的分项系数表达式和分项系数取值是否合理有待研究。通过校准按旧规范JTJ 252—1987《干船坞设计规范(水工结构)》设计的板桩式坞墙稳定性的可靠度,得出板桩式坞墙“踢脚”稳定性的目标可靠指标,并确定按现行规范设计时的坞墙稳定性可靠指标。结果表明,板桩式坞墙“踢脚”稳定性的目标可靠指标应取4.0,而按现行规范设计时的可靠指标均值略大于4.0,故现行规范中分项系数的取值是合理的。     

船舶所受水流力国内外规范对比分析

码头结构设计和系船柱选型以船舶系缆力为重要条件,而各国规范中的船舶系缆力计算方法不尽相同。针对船舶所受水流力的计算方法差异,选取中国JTS、西班牙ROM、OCIMF指南、英国BS 6349共4种常用码头结构设计规范进行对比,并以30万t油船为例进行水流力的计算和分析。结果表明：1）各国规范对于船舶所受水流力的计算公式、相对水深比、设计流速、适应范围等均存在一定差异;2）对于30万t油船,ROM计算所得的船舶所受水流力最大,BS 6349最小。结论可供类似工程设计参考。     

关于墩式布置开敞式泊位降等级靠泊的探究

以某港区开敞式油码头为例,从码头平面尺度、附属设施以及主要工艺设备的布置等方面进行详细分析论证,当码头布置标准经历了规范变更的条件下,对比英国BS6349规范,总结影响开敞式码头兼靠低吨级船舶的安全可行性的主要因素及相应改造方案。     

船舶所受风荷载国内外规范对比分析

船舶系缆力是码头结构设计和系船柱选型的重要条件,风、流、浪为船舶系缆力主要控制因素。针对国内外码头设计规范中船舶系缆力的计算方法差异,选取了码头结构设计常用的国内外规范（中国JTS规范、西班牙ROM规范、OCIMF指南、英国BS 6349规范）对船舶所受风荷载的计算公式进行对比分析,并结合工程实例对不同风向角下的风荷载进行了计算。结果表明：1）不同规范在船舶适应范围、风速选取、船舶受风面积、风压修正系数方面存在明显差异。2）ROM计算得出的30万吨级油船的风荷载最大,JTS计算结果最小。     

基于位移的高桩码头抗震设计方法

在美国高桩码头抗震设计规范的基础上,从设计流程、设计地震动和性能目标、材料特性、结构分析模型、抗震分析方法等方面,介绍了高桩码头基于位移的抗震设计方法,并对规范采用的方法及有关问题进行解释,通过一个工程案例说明高桩码头基于位移的抗震设计的实施过程。基于位移的抗震设计可以很好地实现多地震水平、多设防目标的抗震设计思想,是目前和未来高桩码头抗震设计发展的方向。     

Errata

正In the paper"Influence of Fouling Assemblage on the Corrosion Behaviour of Mild Steel in the Coastal Waters of The Gulf of Mannar,India"in Vol.12,No.4,Page:509,References were lost,and the two authors’biographies were identical.The correct text is shown below.We apologize to the authors and our readers for any inconvenience caused by the errors.     

Journal of Marine Science and Application 2014 Sum. Contents

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第34届海洋、离岸及极地工程国际会议(英文)

正St.John's,Newfoundland,Canada,May 31-June 5,2015 OMAE2015 is the ideal forum for researchers,engineers,managers,technicians and students from the scientific and industrial communities from around the world to: meet and present advances in technology and its scientific support;     

联合作战计划和执行系统

全球指挥控制系统(GCCS)实施当前美国海军网络中心战信息基础设施的联合计划网络。联合作战计划和执行系统(JOPES)支持GCCS实现联合计划。JOPES有两类计划：时间不限的精密预案计划生成作战计划、方案计划或职能计划；时间敏感的危机行动计划生成作战命令或战役方案。前者在和平时期创建的作战计划是后者的计划基础，加速应付危机的能力。     

Eastbound or westbound ?

In terms of equal sailing distances, where is the inflexion when ships depart from ports in the Asian Continent to New York via Suez and/or Panama？
The answer is China South Port Group （Hong Kong, Shenzhen and Guangzhou）.     

Recent progress on wave induced loading measurements in warships

Recent measurements of wave induced hull strain and flexure in RN warships are presented together with the derivation of the current design criteria for extreme hull girder bending loads. The history of the development of the shipboard instrumentation used is given and recent developments to improve the quality and ease of analysis of the data are described. An unexpectedly high transverse asymmetry in the longitudinal strains measured in destroyers is shown to be the result of a combination of vertical and lateral bending in oblique seas. Finally recent theoretical comparisons between the loading of Deep-Vee hulls and conventional UK rounded bilge hulls are presented which demonstrate the higher loading experienced by this type of hull form.     

桥梁防撞设施物理模型试验

物理模型试验是预报防撞设施所受撞击力及优化设计方案的主要方法之一。结合杭州湾大桥柔性防撞设施及东海大桥独立式防撞体设计方案,阐述了船—防撞体撞击试验的基本原理、方法、试验方案及相关试验结果。提出了柔性防撞系统的优化方案。试验结果表明,该方案经济有效,可供预报类似桥梁防撞设施撞击力时参考。     

印尼某电厂码头水工建筑物设计

印尼某电厂项目码头水工建筑物包括码头、防波堤和护岸等主要组成部分。在该项目水工建筑物的设计过程中,综合考虑当地的自然条件、施工能力和材料来源等因素,不断优化结构选型和结构断面。根据不同使用要求,护岸分别采用直立式和斜坡式2种结构型式,推荐的设计方案节省投资、施工方便,可供同类工程设计参考。     

Impact of regulation on the performances of long-distance transport services: A comparison of the different approaches in Sweden and Norway

Despite the many socio-economic similarities between Sweden and Norway, differences in jurisdiction, organisation, cooperation, and financing of long-distance passenger train and coach services have led to the development of four distinctively different ways of serving the markets. This paper describes how the train and coach markets have developed in the two countries, with emphasis on regulatory and industrial structure and a couple of performance variables.Looking at passenger rail, both countries separated infrastructure from operation over a decade ago. However, while Norwegian rail is characterised by an almost monopoly supplier, rail services in Sweden are partly decentralised to the responsibility of county authorities and are widely subjected to competitive tendering. The rest of the network is about to be opened up for on-the-track competition. Swedish Rail (SJ) has spent the last decades consolidating its core business (passenger rail) and sold out its other businesses. In contrast, the Norwegian state rail (NSB) has expanded its business to become a major bus operator and property owner, with extensions also into the Swedish market.The coach industry was more recently deregulated in both countries. The Swedish coach market is dominated by privately owned companies operating services to and from Stockholm. In Norway, state-owned NSB is a major coach operator on medium distance routes, and is also the largest partner of Nor-Way Bussekspress which totally dominates long-distance coach services. Further, the Norwegian coach market is characterised by cross-ownership and cooperation which has enabled an extensive route network which covers most of Norway.We find distinct differences in achievements in the two modes and in the two countries. Swedish rail services have succeeded in winning market shares and in renewing and developing both infrastructure and service levels to a greater extent than the Norwegian model. On the other hand, the Norwegian coach market seems to be more developed and efficient compared to its Swedish counterpart.The paper concludes with a discussion on the possible links between the different approaches and the performance observed, with the aim to stimulate further and more detailed research on some important issues.     

开放式数据挖掘系统模型

目前国内已经出现了少量的数据挖掘相关产品。国内数据挖掘软件无论从数量还是质量上比较，都与国外软件存在着较大的差距。随着数据仓库技术的普及，数据挖掘应用的需求越来越强烈，如何缩短这种差距，研发数据挖掘软件产品成为国内业界的一个重要问题。通过引用目前国际通用数据挖掘标准技术来构建开放式的数据挖掘系统模型，该系统模型从可扩展性、可重用性、易用性等方面得到了加强。