双通道旋流式燃烧器出口冷态流场的流动特性分析

依据试验结果,针对一种带入口旋流器的双通道旋流式燃烧器出口冷态流场进行了详细的数值模拟,对比分析了这种双通道旋流式燃烧器在各影响参数变化情况下出口流场的变化规律和特点,所得预测分析结果为这种带入口旋流器的双通道旋流式燃烧器的性能优化与设计提供了依据.     

带入口旋流器的文丘利调风器出口流场的流动特性分析

针对一种带入口旋流器的新型文丘利调风器出口流场进行了数值模拟,数值模拟结果与常规文丘利调风器出口流场数值模拟结果进行了对比分析,所得预测分析结果为这种带入口旋流器的新型文丘利调风器的应用提供了设计依据。     

带入口旋流器的文丘利调风器出口流场的流动特性分析

针对一种带入口旋流器的新型文丘利调风器出口流场进行了数值模拟,数值模拟结果与常规文丘利调风器出口流场数值模拟结果进行了对比分析,所得预测分析结果为这种带入口旋流器的新型文丘利调风器的应用提供了设计依据.     

双通道型旋流式调风器出口等温流场中液相颗粒轨迹的数值模拟分析

应用随机轨道模型 ,对在一定入口旋流器宽度下的双通道旋流式调风器燃油锅炉出口冷态气———液两相流动进行了模拟 ,并选取典型颗粒分别计算了在三种旋流器宽度下 ,颗粒轴向、周向速度变化情况。     

舰用增压燃油锅炉旋流燃烧器冷态流场数值模拟

借助Fluent软件,采用realizablek-ε湍流模型对增压燃油锅炉与常压燃油锅炉旋流燃烧器冷态流场进行数值模拟,得到相应的内部空气流场,对比不同结构参数对燃烧器内回流区的影响,对比分析回流区对重油燃烧流场的影响,得到利于燃烧的适宜结构参数,为该型增压锅炉的设计、改造提供依据。     

切向单双入口旋流器油-水两相分离流场及特性研究

运用雷诺应力模型（RSM）及两相流 MIXTURE 混合模型和 SIMPLEC 算法对切向单、双入口旋流器内的流场进行模拟分析。采用作图法描述了锥段中间截面处的切向速度、径向速度、湍动能及湍能耗散率,使内部复杂旋流流场的分析得以简化。模拟结果表明：单入口旋流器内流场具有不对称性,呈现偏心结构,双入口旋流器流场具有较好的对称性;油-水分离时,切向双入口旋流器中的分离效率为96%,高于单入口旋流器的94%,但同时增大了能量消耗。实验测试结果显示：流量为3 m3/ h 时的实际分离效率为90%,与模拟结果的平均误差为5%,处理流量相同时,采用切向双入口旋流器更能提高分离效率。     

文丘利型油燃烧器出口气液两相流动与燃烧的数值模拟

针对选配文丘利型油燃烧器的燃油锅炉中液雾燃烧的特点,在冷态等温流场数值模拟结果及EBU－Arrbenius模型模拟气相得结果的基础上,数值模拟了单只文丘利油燃烧器出口的气流两相流动与燃烧,给出了流场中的速度,温度场以及浓度场的分布信息,这些结论可为该型燃油锅炉的进一步设计和运行以及燃烧室的布置提供有益的依据。     

文丘利型油燃烧器出口气液两相流动与燃烧的数值模拟

针对选配文丘利型油燃烧器的燃油锅炉中液雾燃烧的特点,在冷态等温流场数值模拟结果及 EBU-Arrhenius模型模拟气相燃烧所得结果的基础上,数值模拟了单只文丘利油燃烧器出口的气液两相 流动与燃烧,给出了流场中的速度场、温度场以及浓度场的分布信息,这些结论可为该型燃油锅炉的进 一步设计和运行以及燃烧室的布置提供有益的依据。     

水力旋流器油-水分离性能数值模拟

本文对两种不同入口型式的水力旋流器的流场进行了数值模拟,湍流模型采用雷诺应力模型,并结合油-水两相流MIXTURE混合模型进行分析,得出：单入口旋流器流场切向速度、轴向速度呈偏心分布,而切向双入口型式的旋流器流场分布对称性明显优于单入口型式;切向双入口旋流器在油-水两相分离时,油相浓度沿着径向方向变化率更大,且更易于向中心区汇聚,利于分离,分离效率要高于单入口旋流器;实验结果证明了模拟结果的正确性。     

双级轴向旋流非预混燃烧和流动特性分析

本文对双级轴向旋流非预混燃烧器进行了研究,应用CFD数值模拟,探索一级旋流器叶片安装角度和文氏管扩张角的角度变化对燃烧特性和温度场以及流动场的影响规律。研究结果表明：文氏管扩张角依次增大过程中,燃烧室内中心回流区中心前移,旋转射流径向扩张角增大;CH4的浓度沿径向分布更加均匀,降低了燃烧室内最高温度。此外在五种不同文氏管角度和一级旋流器叶片安装角度的结构条件下燃烧室中外回流区域温度均低于内回流区域温度。在一级旋流器叶片安装角为55°、二级旋流器叶片安装角为35°时,燃烧器出现回火现象。     

侧后结合进气装置外流场数值研究

为探索一种新型侧后结合进气装置在船舶行驶过程中受不同风向影响下的性能,应用三维数值模拟方法结合标准k-ε模型,采用多面体网格在保证计算精度情况下得出两侧百叶窗关键气动参数的分布规律,并对比分析了不同风向下外流场结构的变化情况。计算结果表明,在保证两侧百叶窗进气流量相仿时侧向一侧气动参数变成正弦分布关系,变化幅度明显高于后向一侧,而后向一侧气动参数分布规律性较差但气动差异性小,而百叶窗口旋涡强度较高。     

气动载荷对半潜式海上风机运动响应的影响分析

以DeepCwind海上风机为研究对象,利用有限元软件ANSYS AQWA进行风机频域水动力数值仿真分析,得到水动力参数以及幅频响应曲线,将得到的水动力参数导入到FAST软件中,对风机气动-水动-锚泊系统的时域耦合运动分析。在此基础上,讨论了气动载荷对于半潜式风机运动响应的影响。结果表明,气动载荷对于半潜式风机运动响应的影响较大且不可忽略,横摇,横荡以及首摇运动随着气动载荷的增大而增大,垂荡运动随着气动载荷的增大而减小,风作用在叶片上所产生的气动阻尼削弱了垂荡运动,增强了横荡、横摇和首摇运动。     

Experimental investigation of wing-in-ground effect with a NACA6409 section

The aerodynamic characteristics of NACA6409 in the vicinity of the ground were experimentally studied in a wind tunnel. Lift and drag forces, the pitching moment, and the center of pressure were measured with respect to various major aerodynamic parameters, such as the ground clearance, the angle of attack, the aspect ratio (AR), and the endplate type, which resulted in a total number of 420 conditions. In addition, a smoke trace test was conducted to visualize the flow pattern around NACA6409 in the vicinity of the ground. As a result of the ground effect and the influence of the endplate, the lift-to-drag ratio increased at low ground clearance and the center of pressure moved forward to the leading edge; that is, the endplate and ground effects were equivalent to the aerodynamic advantage that results from increasing the AR of the wing. Extended experimental results are useful for understanding the aerodynamic characteristics influenced by each aerodynamic parameter during ground effect as well as for verifying numerical simulation.     

油田注汽锅炉燃烧器的试验研究

油田注汽锅炉是热采稠油最主要的设备,锅炉的关键部件是燃烧器。介绍我所研制的燃烧器的结构特点,着重介绍燃用重油燃烧器的结构特点,阐明了喷燃器、雾化器、导风孔板及点火程序控制器等零部件的工作原理,然后叙述该燃烧器的冷态试验即雾化试验和热态试验即点火试验,以及水—火跟踪和风油配比试验,最后以数据表展示该燃烧器与进口燃烧器的对比试验结果。结果表明,该燃烧器具有热效率高,过量空气系数低,运行安全可靠,燃烧稳定,调节比大以及冷炉点火方便等优点。     

正弦前缘对三维机翼气动性能的影响研究

应用CFD数值仿真预报方法,系统分析正弦前缘各参数对三维机翼气动性能的影响。应用分离涡模拟方法,绘制并比较标准和正弦前缘三维机翼的气动性能曲线,给出压力系数云图和流线分布云图。数值分析结果表明:当波高为3 mm、正弦前缘布置范围大于30%展长、正弦波周期为5.5时,与标准三维机翼相比,最大升力系数提高19.7%,失速角延迟16.7%。研究结果确定最佳的参数组合,有效抑制三维机翼大攻角工况下的失速现象。     

小型旋流燃烧器冷热态流场数值模拟

本文以一种装载在液货船上的小型旋流燃烧器为对象,利用Fluent商用软件,采用非预混PDF燃烧模型、DPM离散相模型和D0辐射模型等,对其内部冷热态流场进行数值模拟研究,得到了燃烧器内部燃油喷射、油气混合以及燃烧流动的规律,模拟结果和试验数据基本吻合。通过分析燃烧室内部压力场、速度场、温度场、组分浓度场的变化,找到燃烧室内部烟气流动的规律,仿真结果对实际运行、设计及改造提供了有益的参考意见。     

上风向与下风向风机气动力性能数值计算分析（英文）

Although the upwind configuration is more popular in the field of wind energy, the downwind one is a promising type for the offshore wind energy due to its special advantages. Different configurations have different aerodynamic performance and it is important to predict the performance of both downwind and upwind configurations accurately for designing and developing more reliable wind turbines. In this paper, a numerical investigation on the aerodynamic performance of National Renewable Energy Laboratory(NREL) phase VI wind turbine in downwind and upwind configurations is presented. The open source toolbox Open FOAM coupled with arbitrary mesh interface(AMI) method is applied to tackle rotating problems of wind turbines. Two 3D numerical models of NREL phase VI wind turbine with downwind and upwind configurations under four typical working conditions of incoming wind velocities are set up for the study of different unsteady characteristics of the downwind and upwind configurations, respectively. Numerical results of wake vortex structure, time histories of thrust, pressure distribution on the blade and limiting streamlines which can be used to identify points of separation in a 3D flow are presented. It can be concluded that thrust reduction due to blade-tower interaction is small for upwind wind turbines but relatively large for downwind wind turbines and attention should be paid to the vibration at a certain frequency induced by the cyclic reduction for both configurations. The results and conclusions are helpful to analyze the different aerodynamic performance of wind turbines between downwind and upwind configurations, providing useful references for practical design of wind turbine.     

Database of sail shapes versus sail performance and validation of numerical calculations for the upwind condition

A database of full-scale three-dimensional sail shapes is presented with the aerodynamic coefficients for the upwind condition of International Measurement System (IMS) type sails. Three-dimensional shape data are used for the input of numerical calculations and the results are compared with the measured sail performance. The sail shapes and performance were measured using sail dynamometer boat Fujin. This is a boat of 10.3-m length overall in which load cells and CCD cameras were installed to simultaneously measure the sail forces and shapes. At the same time, the sailing conditions of the boat, e.g., boat speed, heel angle, wind speed, and wind angle, were measured. The sail configurations tested were: mainsail with 130% jib, mainsail with 75% jib, and mainsail alone. Sail shapes were measured at several vertical positions for the shape parameters defined by: chord length, maximum draft, maximum draft position, entry angle at the luff, and exit angle at the leech, all of which finally yield three-dimensional coordinates of the sail geometry. The tabulated shape data, along with aerodynamic coefficients, are presented in this article. In addition, numerical flow simulations were performed for the measured sail shapes and the sailing conditions to investigate the capability and limitations of the methods through detailed comparison with the measurements. Two numerical methods were used: a vortex lattice method (VLM) and a Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS)-based computational fluid dynamics method. The sail shape database, in association with the numerical results, provides a good benchmark for the sail performance analysis of the upwind condition of IMS type sails.     

Application of large eddy simulation in the performance study of wave blocker

The configuration and aerodynamic performance of the inlet system are important aspects in the process of installing a gas turbine on a naval vessel. Under the requirements, large eddy simulation （LES） is used to simulate the three-dimensional fluid flow in the wave blocker of a marine inlet filter. The Smagorinsky-Lilly sub-grid model was used to model motions of small-scale structures. During numerical simulation, the SIMPLE algorithm was applied. The central-differencing spatial discretization scheme and the second order accuracy finite difference for the temporal discretization were used. Simulation gives satisfactory distribution of the vorticity fields and turbulent kinetic energy. Compared with the k-ε turbulent model, the results of LES are better for the distribution of parameters. The results of experimental study in a small-scale wind tunnel indicate that numerical calculation has higher accuracy. Therefore, the methods used are worthy of reference and introduction for the design of an inlet system.