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根据车辆-轨道耦合模型,采用弹性地基梁板模型,得到列车轨下激振力。按广深港高速铁路狮子洋盾构隧道洞口资料,建立精细的三维数值模型,通过FLAC3D软件对列车荷载引发的隧道动力响应进行了数值模拟,分析了列车振动作用下狮子洋隧道洞口水-土耦合规律。结果表明:在列车振动荷载作用下,孔隙水压力增长区域位于隧道周边的一定范围,主要分布在隧道底部地层, 在左右两隧道之间的隧道下方地层,超孔隙水压力值最大;地层受振位移响应等值线呈倒钟状分布,隧道上方影响范围大,且衰减缓慢,隧道下方影响范围小,且衰减迅速;管片左侧近域地层位移响应最大,列车振动对相邻隧道附近地层的影响不明显,其位移值远远小于左侧的地层位移。 相似文献
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已开通运营地铁工程长期承受地铁列车振动荷载的影响,会造成地表不均匀沉降,管片结构附加应力增大,地表振动频率过大易出现城市环境振动污染,影响居民正常生活。以某运营城际铁路为工程依托,采用人工数定激振力函数模拟地铁列车振动荷载,建立了地铁列车振动荷载下隧道动力响应分析模型,对隧道管片结构弯矩及上部地层竖向位移进行监测分析,将地表竖向位移振动加速度换算为等效声级,结合城市环境振动标准,可知列车行驶过程中,地表振动环境污染符合城市环境振动标准规定的限值。 相似文献
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为定量分析重载列车动载作用下隧道裂损衬砌裂缝的演化机制和承载性能的变化规律,采用扩展有限元与直接循环法相结合的方法模拟裂缝在列车荷载作用下的扩展路径,并通过模型试验对方法的有效性和准确性进行验证。模型试验与数值模拟的误差仅为3.7%,表明该数值模拟方法较为精确。研究发现: 1)在重载列车动载作用下,裂损衬砌仰拱处的动力响应相较于衬砌其他位置会更为剧烈,裂损衬砌仰拱处的安全系数与衬砌其他位置相比则更小,因此裂损衬砌仰拱位置为重载列车动载下的危险部位; 2)重载列车轴重对裂损隧道衬砌的动力响应影响比初始裂缝深度及车速对裂损隧道衬砌的动力响应影响更为明显,而裂损衬砌的安全性能受初始裂缝深度影响比受轴重及车速影响更为显著。 相似文献
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为探讨高速铁路隧道衬砌结构在列车振动荷载长期作用下的动力累积损伤特征,阐述混凝土结构动力相似材料模型试验原理,以武广高速铁路金沙洲隧道为原型,利用微粒混凝土作为相似材料,构建隧道与围岩动力相互作用全断面试验模型,施加高速列车振动荷载对相似材料模型进行动力累积损伤试验;试验过程中同步测试隧道衬砌结构各特征点动应变、超声波速度以及隧道底部围岩接触应力的时程响应数据,分析隧道衬砌结构动力响应特征与累积损伤规律。得出了在设计使用寿命期内,高速列车振动荷载长期作用下,隧道衬砌结构动力累积损伤效应不明显,而隧道底部围岩累积损伤破坏则应引起足够重视等研究结论。 相似文献
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列车荷载作用下衬砌长期渗漏会显著影响软土盾构隧道周围土体的固结沉降,对邻近环境和地铁的安全运营造成不良影响。针对盾构隧道周围土体固结沉降的既有理论研究一般多考虑衬砌不透水条件,较少考虑衬砌渗漏水及列车荷载耦合作用对于地层固结沉降的影响。引入隧道衬砌半渗透边界和列车三角形循环时效荷载,基于Terzaghi-Rendulic固结理论,采用Boltzmann三元件模型模拟土体流变效应,推导了列车荷载作用下黏弹性地层盾构隧道渗漏水诱发的土体超孔隙水压力消散和地表固结沉降的复变函数解析表达式,并与6个工程实测数据进行对比,验证了所给出解析解的正确性与适用性。此外,通过参数分析讨论了衬砌-土体渗透比和列车荷载参数对土体固结沉降的影响。结果表明:衬砌-土体渗透比是影响盾构扰动地层固结快慢的主要影响因素,衬砌-土体渗透比越大,固结完成时间越早;列车荷载作用下,早期固结沉降速率相较于不考虑列车荷载时会有较明显的增加,但在列车荷载当量增加后,固结沉降速率的增长有所放缓,且其增量与衬砌-土体渗透比密切相关,衬砌-土体渗透比越大,沉降增加量则越大;隧道衬砌可以视为扰动地层的排水边界,其加速了土体固结沉降,而列车荷载与衬砌半渗透性耦合,进一步改变了土体固结沉降形态。 相似文献
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为研究地铁列车振动荷载长期作用下隧道底部土层的孔隙水压力及变形特性,以北京地铁7号线2期(东延)工程为背景,利用ADINA有限元计算平台建立典型隧道区间断面的有效应力分析模型,进行上限速度行车荷载作用下饱和场地土层-隧道体系水土耦合动力响应分析,研究典型位置处孔隙水压力时程变化规律,并预测地铁振动荷载作用下引起的沉降量。同时,对北京地铁7号线粉细砂进行土工室内试验,进一步研究隧道底部土层在地铁行车荷载作用下的孔隙水压力及竖向变形发展规律。结果表明: 1)在长期列车振动荷载作用下,隧道底部土层孔隙水压力逐渐增大,且增大值随土层深度的增加而减小; 2)土体的累积超孔隙水压力比和累积应变量随着荷载幅值的增加而增大; 3)与非均等固结条件相比,均等固结条件下的超孔隙水压力比较大,但累计应变量小; 4)列车振动引起的超孔隙水压力和应变均较小,超孔隙水压力在列车停运期间足以消散完毕。 相似文献
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《Vehicle System Dynamics: International Journal of Vehicle Mechanics and Mobility》2012,50(10):1288-1303
An innovative structure for a heavy haul coupler with an arc surface contact and restoring bumpstop is proposed. This coupler has a small lateral force at a small yaw angle and a limitable yaw angle to ensure an allowable coupler lateral force under intense compressive force. The main structural characteristic of the combined contact coupler is a lateral movable follower with an appropriate friction coefficient of 0.06–0.08 and a slide block with a single freedom of longitudinal movement. In order to verify and simulate the performances, a multi-body dynamics model with four heavy haul locomotives and three detailed couplers was established to simulate the process of emergency braking. In addition, the coupler yaw instability and wheel set lateral forces were tested in order to investigate the effect of relevant parameters on the coupler performances. The combined contact coupler is suitable for heavy haul train for a good dynamic performance. 相似文献
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《Vehicle System Dynamics: International Journal of Vehicle Mechanics and Mobility》2012,50(12):1818-1838
When a locomotive coupler rotates at an angle, the lateral component of the coupler force has an adverse effect on the locomotive's safety, particularly in heavy haul trains. In this paper, a model of a head-mid configuration, a 20,000-t heavy haul train is developed to analyse the rotation behaviour of the locomotive's coupler system and its effect on the dynamic behaviour of such a train's middle locomotive when operating on tangent and curved tracks. The train model includes detailed coupler and draft gear with which to consider the hysteretic characteristics of the rubber draft gear model, the friction characteristics of the coupler knuckles, and the alignment-control characteristics of the coupler shoulder. The results indicate that the coupler's rotation behaviour differs between the tangent and curved tracks, significantly affecting the locomotive's running performance under the braking condition. A larger coupler rotation angle generates a larger lateral component, which increases the wheelset's lateral force and the derailment coefficient. Decreasing the maximum coupler free angle can improve the locomotive's operational performance and safety. Based on these results, the recommended maximum coupler free angle is 4°. 相似文献
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中国的重载铁路,目前处于快速发展阶段,中国重载铁路基床结构的厚度、控制标准相比国外同类铁路明显偏高。参考国内外现行的重载铁路路基结构设计技术标准,结合非洲某国一矿区重载铁路路基结构设计实例,对重载铁路路基结构技术标准进行探讨。研究结果推荐:轴重40 t重载铁路工程,基床厚度为2.7 m,基床表层采用0.8 m厚级配碎石;基床底层采用AB填料或改良土。 相似文献
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《Vehicle System Dynamics: International Journal of Vehicle Mechanics and Mobility》2012,50(9):1435-1452
In this paper, a train dynamic model was developed to study the dynamic performance of heavy haul locomotives, taking into account the use of different coupler and buffer systems under conditions of severe longitudinal coupler compressive forces. The model consists of four locomotives each having 38 independent degrees of freedom and one dummy freight vehicle connected to each other by couplers and buffers. Simulation results showed that the longitudinal coupler compressive forces withstood by large rotation angle couplers with coupler shoulders were larger than those withstood by small rotation angle couplers. The results obtained for the large rotation angle coupler model showed that it had higher safety curve negotiation speeds. Due to the smaller static impedance, it was found that large capacity elastic clay (or cement) buffers cannot satisfy the requirement of heavy haul locomotives during cycle braking in long heavy downgraded tracks; the use of friction clay buffers can solve this problem. 相似文献
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为了评价铁路修建的可行性及运营期间列车荷载对下伏输水隧道钢筋混凝土结构的安全性影响,开展了岩基-隧道钢筋混凝土结构的静动力计算研究,分析了移动列车荷载作用下岩基和衬砌的质点最大位移、最大主应力、振动位移和振动速度的变化规律。结果表明,列车移动荷载引起的岩基及衬砌结构的最大应力低于材料的容许应力;振动位移和振动速度时程曲线具有明显的三阶段特征,且同一列车速度时振动曲线特征点的对应时刻基本相当;振动位移的影响深度随列车速度的增加而增加,衰减完成的时间随列车速度的增加而减少。在输水隧洞上方修建铁路对其钢筋混凝土衬砌结构的安全性影响甚小,无需加固处理。 相似文献