管壁不连续对管路中传播的弯曲波的隔离

采用梁弯曲振动的运动方程来求解管壁中传播的弯曲波,然后用传递矩阵的方法得出了弯曲波在通过管壁不连续段后的透射系数矩阵。利用边界条件,分析了管壁材料不连续段及其在管路中的布置情况对弯曲波透射系数的影响,并得出了如下结论:作为管路不连续段的铜管、铝管和挠性胶管都可以对管路中传播的弯曲波起到隔离作用,但它们也都有可能使振动放大。这与频率、边界条件和管路不连续段的布置密切相关;对极低频弯曲波的隔离是十分困难的,甚至是不可能的;管路不连续段的布置情况、管路边界条件(即支撑情况)和频率应当是管路隔振设计中需要特别注意的因素;挠性胶管在可以起隔离作用的条件下能够取得比铜管和铝管更低的透射系数和更大的位移补偿。     

挠性接管布置对管路系统振动特性的影响分析

在实际管路系统低噪声安装施工中,由于受船舶安装空间因素的限制,振源附近通常没有位置安装挠性接管,此时往往会改变挠性接管的安装位置。由于挠性接管安装位置改变,管路系统振动特性也随之改变。针对以上问题,建立安装有挠性接管管路系统的有限元模型,改变挠性接管安装位置,计算指定点在单点激励下的振动特性,最后进行实验验证。结果表明:尽管理论上挠性接管的布置应尽量靠近振源,但在实际安装过程中,若安装空间不允许,可根据空间位置适当调整挠性接管与振源的相对位置,实验证明合理地调整其安装位置对管路系统振动噪声控制影响较小。这一研究将为管路系统挠性接管的低噪声安装提供实践参考和理论依据。     

金属挠性接管变形监测的研究

本文在分析金属挠性接管变形的基础上，提出了金属挠性接管测点布置及测点所满足的数学模型，由此数学模型能监测金属挠性接管的变形情况。     

挠性接管安装工艺对系统振动传递影响试验研究

为了解挠性接管安装工艺状态对机械隔振系统振动传递特性的影响,选取某型船舶上典型的管路系统及挠性接管为研究对象,采用二分法进行了挠性接管不同安装工艺偏差对系统振动传递特性影响的试验研究。结果表明,在一定安装工艺偏差范围内,船体结构振级、马脚下部振级、挠性接管远设备端振级变化不大,在安装过程中应控制挠性接管工艺参数在规定偏差范围内。     

船舶海水管路系统振动特性计算与分析

为系统性地分析船舶海水管路系统的振动特性,采用有限元法建立泵组-隔振器-挠性接管-管段-支承-管路附件系统的频率域计算模型。以某海水管路系统为研究对象,通过数值仿真计算分析系统固有振动特性和振动传递特性。结果表明,挠性接管刚度对泵组-管段之间的振动传递比较关键,当其低于1/10的振源泵组隔振器刚度时,传递至管段的振动大幅衰减;优化管路附件、支承结构等可使管段弯曲振动频率避开泵组的低频激励频率,对抑制特定频段的振动传递比较有效。     

JYXR系列舰用挠性接管研究

JYXR系列舰用挠性接管主要包括JYXR(L)型肘形挠性接管、JYXR(P)型平衡式挠性接管和引俄JYXR型挠性接管3个系列.研究打破了欧、美、俄等发达国家的技术封锁,突破了肘形管的平衡性设计原理、软管骨架材料芳纶纤维的实用化技术、可靠性设计、帘线在弯曲非对称体上精确、均匀缠绕技术、三法兰一体化接头设计等重大理论、技术难题,成功研制出符合研制技术要求的高性能JYXR系列挠性接管产品,为舰艇管路系统减振抗冲设计提供了有力的技术支撑.     

船用往复泵管路减振技术研究

船舶往复式水泵管路振动一直是国内有待解决的难题，本文在分析往复式舱底泵管路振动产生机理的基础上，针对往复式水泵管路振动特性，运用近年来研制的一些新型管路减振元件，如袖套式挠性接管、管路消振器、管路流体压力蓄能器等，对往复式水泵管路振动进行试验研究，为管路减振设计提供了有意义的参考依据。     

弧形体挠性接管力学模型及平衡性研究

提出了新型弧形挠性接管结构模型,建立了弧形挠性接管数学模型,对其进行了内压作用下的应力分析;对弧形挠性接管平衡性进行了深入研究,推导出管体骨架缠绕的平衡角公式,并对平衡角公式的正确性进行了验证.     

平衡式弧形体挠性接管的缠绕模型研究

为了保证挠性接管在使用过程中的安全性,需要对其进行平衡性设计。提出一种新型弧形体挠性接管的设计方法。采用直管内部加压、两端向内挤压的方法进行弧形体挠性接管成型,通过对纤维帘线进行建模,确定直管对应于不同帘线缠绕角的长度;采用有限元方法计算确定满足平衡性要求的直管帘线缠绕角。通过合理设计以保证弧形体挠性接管具有足够的平衡性。     

中厚耦合板结构的振动特性分析

基于Mindlin板理论,采用改进傅立叶级数的方法对任意弹性边界条件和耦合条件下的耦合板进行了振动分析。为建立通用的结构模型,在耦合板结构的耦合边上均匀布置六种类型线性约束弹簧模拟耦合条件,在非耦合边上布置五种类型的线性约束弹簧模拟边界条件。耦合板结构的弯曲振动位移函数和面内振动位移函数表示为标准的二维傅立叶余弦级数和辅助级数的线性组合,通过辅助级数的引入,解决了位移导数在边界不连续的问题。利用Hamilton原理建立求解方程,推导出中厚耦合板结构的振动控制方程的矩阵表达式,通过求解矩阵方程可以得到耦合板结构的固有频率和响应。通过数值仿真分析计算,并与有限元结果和实验进行比较,验证了该方法的准确性。     

船用复合材料管路振动特性试验研究

为研究船舶中复合材料充液管路的减振特性,首先采用几何尺寸相同的复合材料直管和钢直管进行振动响应对比分析。通过直管的四端阻抗测试,获得2种材料直管的传递矩阵,对比分析复合材料管路与钢管的振动传递损失。然后对2种材料直管进行自由边界下的模态测试,获取管路的阻尼系数。试验结果表明:在满足输水性能和结构强度的前提下,复合材料管路只是同几何尺寸钢管质量的一半,复合材料管的固有模态频率要低于钢管,模态阻尼系数却远大于钢管。在2500 Hz内复合材料管的横向振动传递损失优于钢管;而轴向传递损失在低频段要劣于钢管,高频段又优于钢管。因此在减振性能上,复合材料管更利于振动能量在传播过程中的衰减。研究成果可为复合材料在船舶充液管路减振降噪中的应用提供参考。     

弹性通舱管件设计研究

为减少振动能量沿管路的传播,设计了海水管路和一般管路的弹性通舱管件.对这两型弹性通舱管件制订了技术参数,进行了多种方案对比分析后,各确定了两种方案.然后根据实船使用状况对这两型方案采用有限元法进行了静力分析、密性分析和隔振性能分析,还进行了疲劳试验.结果表明:对于通舱管件,在过流件和安装件之间嵌入减振橡胶这样一种设计形式,有效地降低了管路系统振动噪声由通舱管件向舱壁和船体的传递;并能在保障该产品功能和安全性的同时,满足所确定的各项性能参数和声隐身性能等技术要求.该弹性通舱管件可靠性高、减振性能好,并且满足上船安装和使用的相关要求.     

钢带软管内压和弯曲研究

复合材料管已成为管道发展的热点和趋势。文中对钢带软管在同时受到内压和弯曲组合载荷作用下的力学性能进行了研究。基于建立的钢带软管的环向和径向力学平衡方程,提出了不同弯曲半径下该种类型管道的爆破压力理论计算方法。文中还进行了有限元数值模拟,并与理论计算结果对比分析,分析结果表明文中提出的爆破压力计算方法可作为此类管在同时受到内压及弯曲组合载荷作用下的通用算法,为解决此类工程问题提供重要参考。     

A finite element model for unbonded flexible pipe under combined axisymmetric and bending loads

Flexible pipes are key equipment for offshore oil and gas production systems, conveying fluids between the platform and subsea wells. The structural arrangement of unbonded flexible pipes is quite complex, encompassing several layers with polymeric, metallic and textile materials. Different topologies and a large amount of intricate nonlinear contact interactions between and within their components, especially because of the relative stick-slip mechanism during bending, makes numerical analysis challenging. This paper presents an alternative three-dimensional nonlinear finite element model that describes the response of flexible pipes subjected to combined axisymmetric and bending loads. To simulate the response of a flexible pipe under axial tension or compression combined with uniform curvature, an equivalent thermal loading is employed on the external sheath, which is modelled as an orthotropic thermal expansion material with temperature-independent mechanical properties. To assess the feasibility of the proposed model, the bending moment versus curvature of the finite element solution is compared with experimental results obtained in literature and good agreements are found between them. Detailed finite element results such as contact pressures, armour wire slip displacements and friction, normal and transverse bending stresses are also shown and compared with available analytical models.     

A model for the biaxial dynamic bending of unbonded flexible pipes

An analytical model is given to investigate the behavior of unbonded flexible pipes under biaxial dynamic bending. The stick-slip conditions of each wire are studied in the framework of incremental analysis by an operator splitting of the time step into a stick-state prediction and a slip-state correction step. The tension gradient is calculated using the classical return-mapping algorithm and the obtained tension gradients are integrated numerically to find the axial tension by imposing appropriate boundary conditions. From the axial tension the bending moments with respect to the principal bending axes of the pipe are obtained. Poisson's effect, bending induced tension in the wire, shear deformations of the supporting plastic layer and the changes of the effective torsion and curvature increments of the wire after slip occurs are taken into account in the model. The results of bending moment–curvature relationship from this model are compared with the test data from simple bending and good correlations are found. The comparison of the biaxial bending moment results between this model and the available model also shows good agreement.     

Dynamic behavior of conveying-fluid pipes with variable wall thickness through circumferential and axial directions

In addition to the traditional hollow circular sections used in marine structures, other hollow sections have attracted the attention of architects and design engineers due to their mechanical characteristics such as torsional rigidity and local strength against impact loading. The purpose of this study is to investigate dynamic response of pipes conveying fluid with variable wall thickness through both circumferential and axial directions. Pipes with variable wall thickness have different flexural rigidities about two different principal axes. This property allows these pipes to be oriented efficiently, meet various design requirements and resist the applied loads. The results of this investigation provide a better insight into the physics and dynamic behavior of non-circular pipes conveying fluid. Two different geometries are studied, (i) the pipe is assumed with a general non-circular cross section with variable wall thickness along the circumferential direction, (ii) both inner and outer boundaries of the pipe cross section are assumed to be circles whereas the wall thickness of the pipe along axial direction is varied with a specified function. The governing differential equations of the problem are derived using Timoshenko beam theory with the effect of shear deformation included in the formulation. The discretization of the problem domain is done using the finite element method. Consequently, a modal analysis is employed to calculate the critical flow velocities of the pipe with clamped-clamped end conditions. The effects of different cross sections on the critical flow velocity are investigated. The importance of Coriolis forces on the presence of coupled-mode flutter and re-stabilization point are also discussed for different values of mass ratio.     

A finite element model for flexible pipe armor wire instability

The constructive disposition of metallic and plastic layers confers flexible pipes with high and low axial stiffness respectively when tensile and compressive loads are applied. Under certain conditions typically found during deepwater installation or operation, flexible pipes may be subjected to high axial compression, sometimes accompanied by bending. If not properly designed, the structure may not be able to withstand this loading and fails. From practical experience observed offshore and in laboratory tests two principal mechanisms, which will be discussed in this paper, have been identified regarding the configuration of the armor wires. When the pipe fails by compression the armor wires may exhibit localized lateral or radial deflections, consequently permanent damage is observed in the armor wires with a sudden reduction of the structure’s axial stiffness. The pressure armor may also unlock, thus causing potential fluid leakage.In this work a finite element model is developed to estimate the critical instability load and failure modes. An axi-symmetric model is constructed employing a complex combination of beam and spring elements. For each armor layer only one wire needs to be modeled, hence the computational cost is minimized without compromising the phenomenon characterization. A parametric case study is performed for a typical flexible pipe structure, where the friction coefficient between the wire armors and the external pressure are varied, and the critical instability loads and failure modes are obtained and results are discussed.