先天性长QT综合征家系的临床特点

的　通过对 3个先天性长QT综合征 (longQTsyndrome,LQTS)家系的调查 ,研究其发病情况、临床和心电图特点 ,推测其相应的基因型。方法　按常规采集 3个家系成员的临床病史 ,进行体格检查 ,采集静息心电图 ,测量QT间期和较正的QT间期。结果　 3个家系 4 3例中有 15例LQTS患者 ,11例可疑诊断。临床表现和心电图各异。结论　家系 1、家系 2和家系 3中LQTS患者的临床和心电图表现符合LQT2、LQT1和LQT3,可能为HERG、KVLQT1、和SCN5A的基因突变所致。     

Genotypic diagnosis of long QT syndrome by analysis of candidate genes

Objective To diagnose 6 LQTS families by genetic analysis. Methods A total aof 6 LQTS pedigrees with 43 family members were brought together for genetic diagnosis by using short-sequence tandem-repeat (SIR) markers or sequencing. Genomic DNA was extracted from blood samples by standard procedure. STR markers or KCNQ1, KCNH2 and SCN5A were amplified. The haplotype analysis for LQTS was performed. If the family got the negative haplotype analysis, the sequencing was performed. Results LQTS patients were always linkaged with the SCNSA gene in family 1. KCNH2 was linkaged with the disease in family 2 to 5.21 gene carriers were identified from these 5 families. A mutation (A561V-KCNH2) was only found in the proband of family 6 and an SNP (G1691A) was found in all the members of the family. Conclusion Genetic diagnosis can not only improve presymptomatic diagnosis,bnt also provide the basis for personal therapy and research on disease-causing mutations.     

NOVEL SPLICING MUTATION OF COL1A1 GENE CAUSING OSTEOGENESIS IMPERFECTA TYPE I IN CHINESE PEDIGREE

Objective To detect the peculiar mutation in a Chinese family with osteogenesis imperfecta,COL1A1 and COL1A2 being analysed. Methods A genome screen was undertaken covering COL1A1 at 17q21-22 and COL1A2 at 7q22.1. The Linkage ( Version 5.1 ) was used for 2-point analysis. DNA sequencing was used to screen and identify the mutation. Results A linkage to the markers on chromosome 17q21-22 was observed. Sequence analysis of COL1A1 revealed a splicing mutation ( IVS8-2A ＞ G) that converted the 3' end of intron 8 from AG to GG. Conclusion This mutation ( IVS 8-2A ＞ G) is novel, and has not yet been registered in the Human Type Ⅰ and Type Ⅲ Collagen Mutations Database.     

心脏传导阻滞SCN5A基因L1001Q突变体构建和功能研究

目的对作者发现的一个中国3代人心脏传导阻滞家系SCN5A基因新突变L1001Q,构建突变表达载体,利用分子生物学方法和全细胞膜片钳技术观察L1001Q突变的功能。方法一步定点诱变法构建pEGFP-L1001Q-SCN5A突变体;激光共聚焦和Western blotting技术检测突变蛋白定位和表达;全细胞膜片钳技术观察突变体钠电流。结果野生型和L1001Q突变均表达在细胞膜上,且表达量无明显变化。二者最大激活电流分别为(148.34±0.77)pA/pF和(132.59±0.96)pA/pF(P>0.05),L1001Q突变半失活电压V1/2为(-73.25±0.87)mV,较野生型正向转移约3.5mV[V1/2为(-76.71±0.73)mV,P<0.05],L1001Q突变失活后恢复时间常数较野生型稍减小,差异无统计学意义(WT tau=16.8ms,L1001Qtau=14.1ms,P>0.05)。结论 L1001Q突变未影响钠通道蛋白的表达和转运,主要通过改变钠通道门控特性引起钠通道功能减弱进而导致心脏传导阻滞。     

A VNTR ELEMENT ASSOCIATED WITH STEROID SULFATAES GENE DELETIONS STIMULATES RECOMBINATIONIN CULTURED CELLS

ＡＶＮＴＲＥＬＥＭＥＮＴＡＳＳＯＣＩＡＴＥＤＷＩＴＨＳＴＥＲＯＩＤＳＵＬＦＡＴＡＥＳＧＥＮＥＤＥＬＥＴＩＯＮＳＳＴＩＭＵＬＡＴＥＳ　ＲＥＣＯＭＢＩＮＡＴＩＯＮＩＮ　ＣＵＬＴＵＲＥＤ　ＣＥＬＬＳＧｏｎｇＹａｎ；Ｘ．Ｍ．Ｌｉ，Ｌ．Ｊ．Ｓｈａｐｉｒｏ（Ｄｅ...     

DETECTING LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN RECEPTOR MUTANT GENE OF RABBIT BY PCR

Objective Watanabe Heritable Hyperlipidaemic （WHHL） rabbits with low density lipoprotein receptor （LDLr） gene mutation have provided unprecedented opportunities for the study of human atherusclerusis, in order to confirm LDL receptor gene status in rabbits, we developed a simple PCR technique to detect LDL mutations in rabbits. Methods Rabbits genomic DNA were extracted from ear biopsy, and amplified by PCR to detect 12 bp deletion mutation in WHHL rabbits. PCR products were directly digested with Bgl Ⅰ, and then applied to polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Results PCR products from homozygous LDLr ＋/＋ rabbits generated 2 bands of 212 and 94 bp after Bgl Ⅰ digestion, LDLr ＋/- rabbits generated 3 bands （294, 212, and 94 bp）, LDLr -/- animals, however, generated only 1 product （294 bp）. Conclusion This modified PCR method is simple and reliable.     

MUTATION OF THE ENDOTHELIN-B RECEPTOR AND THE ENDOTHELIN-3 GENE IN CHINESE SPORADIC CASES OF HIRSCHSPRUNGS DISEASE

Objective To investigate the mutation of endothelin receptor B (EDNRB) gene and endothelin-3 (EDN-3) gene in sporadic Hirschsprung's disease (HD) in Chinese population. Methods Genomic DNA was extracted from bowel tissues of 34 unrelated HD patients which were removed by surgery. Exon 3, 4, 6 of EDNRB gene and Exon 1, 2 of EDN-3 gene were amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and analyzed by single strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP).Results EDNRB mutations were detected in 2 of the 13 short-segment HDs. One mutant was in the exon 3; the other one was in the exon 6. EDN-3 mutation was detected in 1 of the 13 short-segment HDs and in the exon 2. Both EDNRB mutation and EDN-3 mutation were detected in one short-segment HD. No mutations were detected in the ordinary or long-segment HD. Conclusion The mutations of EDNRB gene and EDN-3 gene are found in the short-segment HD of sporadic Hirschsprung's disease in Chinese population, which suggests that the EDNRB gene and EDN-3 gene play important roles in the pathogenesis of HD. the mutations of EDNRB and EDN-3 lead to the maldevelopment of the enteric nervous system.     

先天性巨结肠症EDN-3及EDNRB基因结构的PCR-SSCP分析

目的　检测中国散发先天性巨结肠症是否有EDNRB基因和EDN 3基因突变 ,以探讨EDNRB及EDN 3与HD发生的关系。方法　 34例中国散发先天性巨结肠症。提取手术组织标本基因组DNA ,聚合酶链反应 (PCR)扩增EDNRB基因第 3、4、6外显子和EDN - 3基因第 1、2外显子 ,单链构象多态 (SSCP)分析上述外显子是否有突变。结果　 1 3例短段型先天性巨结肠症中 ,2例有EDNRB基因突变 ,1例有EDN 3基因突变。普通型及长段型未见EDNRB基因和EDN 3基因突变。结论　中国散发先天性巨结肠症短段型有EDNRB基因和EDN 3基因突变 ,提示EDNRB基因、EDN 3基因与先天性巨结肠症的发生有关     

应用DNA PCR法扩增检测苯丙酮尿症基因突变

本文应用PCR和核酸杂交技术,在西安地区14例PKU患儿中检测了目前中国人中唯一确定引起PKU的PAH基因外显子3终止突变,结果发现这些患者的PAH基因均无终止突变,提示在我国有可能因PAH基因其它部位突变导致PKU的发生。我们体会DNA体外PCR扩增结合寡核苷酸探针点杂交方法可用于PKU的产前诊断和携带者检出。     

葎草花粉主要变应原核酸疫苗pcDNA3.1-LC2的构建及其免疫原性鉴定

目的 构建葎草花粉主要变应原核酸疫苗pcDNA-LC2并鉴定其免疫原性.方法 将pTripIEx2-LC2质粒用EcoRⅠ和HindⅢ双酶切得到LC2葎草花粉变应原基因片段,将其插入pcDNA3.1(-)真核表达载体,在鉴定重组质粒构建成功后,大量制备去内毒素核酸疫苗pcDNA3.1-LC2,应用pcDNA3.1-LC2核酸疫苗免疫小鼠,取免疫血清行双向免疫扩散实验,分析其免疫原性.结果 通过测序确认构建pcDNA3.1-LC2中的672bp的编码框碱基与原序列一致,没有突变及缺失.应用pcDNA3.1-LC2免疫BALB/c小鼠,经双向免疫扩散试验验证pcDNA3.1-LC2在小鼠体内可以表达并产生特异性抗体.结论 成功的构建了葎草花粉主要变应原核酸疫苗pcDNA3.1-LC2,pcDNA3.1- LC2可在小鼠体内表达,并能产生葎草花粉变应原特异性抗体,具有良好的免疫原性.     

新疆哈萨克族群体三个STR位点遗传多态性

目的　了解新疆哈萨克族人群D1 6S5 39,D7S82 0 ,D1 3S31 7三个STR位点的遗传多态性 ,建立该民族群体遗传学数据库。方法　运用复合PCR扩增 ,6 %变性聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳结合银染技术对 1 0 2位无关个体及 8个家系 42人的哈萨克族人群进行调查 ,并与其他种族或人群进行比较。结果　三个位点分别检测出 8、7、8个等位片段 ,多态性分布符合Hardy Weinberg平衡定律。期望杂合度为 0 .9439、0 .935 6、0 .930 4。三个位点的累积PIC =0 .990 5、DP =0 .9998、PE =0 .95 72。此外 ,在与其他四个人群比较中发现除与北京汉族在D7S82 0位点上无统计学意义 (P >0 .0 5 ) ,其余均可见显著性差异 (P <0 .0 5 )。同时 ,在家系调查中无一突变发现且均按孟德尔遗传规律传递。结论　三个STR位点的联合分析在法医学应用及群体遗传学中具有较高的价值。     

PCR-SSP检测人胰腺癌细胞株PC-2K-ras基因点突变及其方式

目的　检测人胰腺癌细胞株PC 2K ras基因点突变及其突变方式 ,明确基因治疗靶点的碱基序列。方法　针对K ras基因第 1 2位密码子点突变方式 (CGT、CAT、GTT)设计顺序特异性引物 (SSP) ,对人胰腺癌细胞株PC 2进行聚合酶链反应 (PCR) ,扩增产物借助聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳判定该细胞株有无K ras基因点突变及其突变方式。结果　人胰腺癌细胞株PC 2存在K ras基因点突变 ,突变方式为CGT。结论　PCR SSP法简便快速 ,特异性高 ,本研究结果为胰腺癌的下一步基因治疗奠定了基础     

AP1与NF-κB对PPARδ基因的转录调控作用

目的研究在过氧化物酶体增长因子活化受体δ(PPARδ)表达中的相关调控因子。方法用RT-PCR扩增人类PPARδ启动子序列,通过Deletion及观测各重组体转染活性,通过电泳迁移率变更分析(EMSA)、突变等方法确定核转录因子激活蛋白1(AP1)及NF-κB对PPARδ表达的作用。结果 Deletion及重组转染后发现AP1及NF-κB因子各自结合位点突变后转染活性明显降低,同时突变其转染活性无明显变化。结论 AP1及NF-κB均可以增强PPARδ的表达活性。     

胸腔积液中脱落细胞p53基因突变的检测及其意义

目的　探讨聚合酶链反应 -单链构象多态性分析 (PCR- SSCP)检测胸液脱落细胞 p53基因突变在恶性胸腔积液 (MPE)诊断中的可行性及价值。方法　用 PCR- SSCP分别检测了 1 9例MPE及 1 2例结核性胸腔积液中新鲜脱落细胞标本的抑癌基因— p53基因 5～ 8外显子的突变情况 ,并与正常胸膜组织进行对照。结果　 7例 MPE有 p53基因突变 ,突变率为 36.84%。其中5例发生在第 5外显子 ,2例发生在第 7外显子 ,第 6、8外显子未检出突变 ,有 2例突变检出早于临床病理诊断。结核性胸液无 1例突变。结论　提示 p53基因突变在 MPE脱落细胞中较常见 ;PCR- SSCP分析胸液脱落细胞中 p53基因突变可以作为 MPE的一种辅助诊断方法     

慢性乙肝患者HBV核心蛋白启动子变异的初步研究

目的　通过对乙型肝炎病毒 (HBV)基本核心基因启动子 (BCP)变异的研究 ,阐明HBV准种在慢性感染者中存在的意义。方法　以中国株HBV基因序列为依据 ,设计特异性多聚酶链反应 (PCR)引物 ,自 4 0例慢性HBV感染患者血清中扩增HBV的BCP基因 ,采用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳 (PAGE)技术展示缺失突变 ,DNA测序确定病毒的变异程度。结果　聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳结果发现 ,6 0 % (2 4 / 4 0 )患者血清中可见 2～ 3条扩增条带 ;测序结果发现BCP区存在多种突变形式 :点突变中以 14 0nt(T→C)最为常见 ,缺失突变多见于TA1,TA2及TA3,多表现为 8bp和 2 0bp的缺失。 结论　HBVBCP区内有一缺失高变区 ,并在患者体内存有多种变异形式 ;TA1,TA2和TA3的变异可能影响e抗原的表达。HBV慢性携带者体内有HBV准种共存     

TSH RECEPTOR GENETIC ALTERATIONS IN THE AUTONOMOUSLYFUNCTIONING THYROID ADENOMAS

Objective To determine the relationship between TSH receptor gene mutations and autonomously functioning thyroid adenomas (AY‘]rAs). Methods The thyroid samples from 14 cases of diagnosed AFTAs were analyzed, with normal thyroid specimens adjacent to the tumors as controls. The 155 base pairs DNA fragments which encompassed the third cytoplasmic loop and the sixth transmembrane segments in the TSH receptor gene exon 10 were amplified by Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and analyzed by the single-strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP). Direct sequencing of the PCR products was performed with Prism Dye Terminator Cycle Sequencing Core Kit.Results 6 of 14 AFTA specimens displayed abnormal migration in SSCP analysis. In sequence analysis of 3 abnormally migrated samples, one base substitution at nucleotide 1957 (A to C) and two same insertion mutations of one adenosine nucleotide between nucleotide 1972 and 1973 were identified. No mutations were found in controls. Conclusion This study confirmed the presence of TSH receptor gene mutations in AFTAs; both one-point substitution mutation and onebase insertion mutation were found to be responsible for the pathogenesis of AFTAs.     

ASSOCIATION ANALYSIS OF POLYMORPHISMS IN SIX GENES WITHIN THE GH/IGF-1 AXIS IN PATIENTS WITH IDIOPATHIC SHORT STATURE IN THE CHINESE HAN POPULATION

Objective To investigate relationships of polymorphisms in six genes ( GHR,IGF-1,IGF-1R,IGFBP-3,JAK2,and STAT5b) in the growth hormone ( GH)/insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) axis with idiopathic short stature (ISS) in the Chinese Han population. Methods A casecontrol study was carried out on a cohort of 198 ISS patients and 306 healthy controls.A total of 106 tagging single nucleotide polymorphisms (tagSNPs) from the six genes were selected from the HapMap ( haplotype map of the human genome ) Han Chinese in the Beijing subset.Results of genotyping conducted by highthroughput Illumina GoldenGateTM Assay were analyzed by statistical software. Results Both individual tagSNPs and haplotypes showed an association with ISS in the Hun Chinese population ( P ＜ 0.05 ).For each single test,both allele and genotype were tested.By allele frequency analysis,six positive SNP sites ( rsNo.1,rsNo.2,rsNo.3,rsNo.4,rsNo.5,and rsNo.6 ) of 3 genes ( JAK2,IGF-1R,and GHR) were found having associations with ISS. By genotype frequency analysis, there were significant differences between the patient and control groups in the following SNP sites:4 sites in JAK2 gene ( rsNo.1,rsNo.2,rsNo.3,and rsNo.4 ) and 1 site in GHR gene ( rsNo.6 ).The risk which affected ISS was found related to the JAK2 gene in 4 sites ( increase in rsNo.1 and decrease in rsNo.2,rsNo.3,and rsNo.4) and to the GHR gene in 1 site (decrease in rsNo.6).They were four haplotypes in gene of IGF-1R as “ TGC","CGCT",”TA",and "CA",one haplotype in IGFBP-3 as "TA",and one haplotype in JAK2 as "CTG",which revealed high significance for risks of affecting ISS. At last,multivariate logistic regression analysis of specific site rsNo.6 of the GHR gene revealed that the serum IGF-1 was related to genotypes AA and AC,with genotype CC as the reference ( P =0.015). Conclusion Genetic variances in six genes within the GH/IGF-1 axis may be important etiological factors for ISS in the Chinese Han population.     

CLONING AND SEQUENCING OF MATURE FRAGMENT OF HUMAN BMP4 GENE

Bone morphogenetic protein- 4(BMP- 4) is alow molecular weight glycoprotein ,classified as amorphogen.It is capable of inducing the formationof new cartilage and bone.This osteoinductiveability has led to the use of bone morphogeneticproteins as therapeutic agents for creation of newbone useful in treatment of skeletal injuries anddiseases,and in oral and maxillofacial applica-tions.Although many researchers have got the na-tive BMP from animal s demineralized bone by bio-chemical method,the…     

急性过度通气对颅内高压家犬S100B和C反应蛋白的影响

目的观察急性过度通气对颅内压增高犬脑功能的影响。方法16条急性硬膜外血肿家犬均分为4组。A组为对照组,机械通气维持PETCO2在35-45 mmHg。B、C和D组则采用过度通气,使PETCO2分别维持在28-35 mmHg、20-27 mmHg及20 mmHg以下各1 h,在术前(T1)、机械通气后2 h(T2)6、h(T3)、12 h(T4)、24 h(T5)和48 h(T6)分别测定S100B和C反应蛋白(CRP)含量。结果实验组S100B和CRP含量术后不同程度升高。D组S100B 6 h后升高,12 h达到峰值,24 h轻微下降,与术前及对照组比较差异显著(P<0.05),而CRP 2 h后增高,6 h达峰值且持续到48 h,与术前及对照组比较差异显著(P<0.05),B组、C组与对照组比较无差异。结论轻、中度过度通气对家犬脑功能影响较小,重度过度通气对硬膜外血肿犬可引起脑缺血。     

中国西北地区汉族人群5-羟色胺2A受体启动区多态性与心境障碍发病、性别、症状、自杀的相关性

目的探讨中国西北地区汉族人群5-羟色胺2A受体(-1438A/G)基因多态性与心境障碍的发病、性别、亚型以及自杀相关是否关联。方法应用聚合酶链反应(PCR)扩增技术测定160例患者(包括单相抑郁症和双相障碍-抑郁相)和160例正常对照的5-HTR2A的基因型和等位基因,分别验证各种基因型与心境障碍的性别、亚型、自杀的相关性。结果病例组的A/G、G/G基因型和G等位基因频数均高于正常对照组(47.5%vs.40.6%;38.7%vs.34.4%;62.5%vs.54.7%;均P<0.05),两组性别分层比较,女性组与男性病例组相比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。单相抑郁症与双相障碍-抑郁相两组间进行比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。病例组有无自杀相关分层比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。自杀相关性别分层比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论中国西北地区汉族人群5-HTR2A(-1438A/G)基因多态性与心境障碍的发病相关,主要是与单相抑郁症相关;A/G、G/G基因型可能是心境障碍的易感基因型,G等位基因可能是心境障碍的易感基因。