半挂车空气悬架试验台的设计及特性试验

针对半挂车空气悬架缺乏评价方法与测试设备等问题,设计了一种新型的半挂车空气悬架试验台,提出了相应的测试方法与评价指标。基于我国市场上常见的半挂车空气悬架,结合半挂车的实际工况,分析了半挂车空气悬架的原理特性,提出了空气悬架性能评价的关键指标;依据半挂车空气悬架的结构与性能指标,设计了半挂车空气悬架试验台,并阐述了基于试验台进行悬架性能测试的具体方法,为半挂车空气悬架的质量检测与产品开发提供了测试设备与测试方法。     

附加气室汽车空气悬架系统仿真及影响因素分析

附加气室空气悬架是通过在空气弹簧气室上增加一个气室,从而进一步降低空气弹簧刚度和提高阻尼的悬架。建立了附加气室空气悬架1/4二自由度系统动力学模型和数学模型,并对其进行了计算机仿真实验。通过观察仿真结果,分析了附加气室空气悬架对汽车行驶平顺性的影响因素。     

虚拟样机技术在空气悬架系统设计中的应用

应用MSC.ADAMS及ANSYS软件,在ADAMS/Car[1]中建立了中型客车前空气悬架系统刚柔体耦合的动力学模型。模型的各类参数主要通过试验和Solidworks软件获得。在ADAMS/Car中,利用虚拟仿真试验对单纵臂式非独立悬架进行了多种性能分析,并结合空气悬架在设计及使用过程中出现的主要问题进行了探讨,提出了相应的解决办法。通过模型参数化分析及不同方案的仿真试验对比表明,利用基于ADAMS/Car软件建立的空气悬架系统模型可对悬架性能做出正确预测,对空气悬架系统的设计具有工程指导意义。     

精密设备半挂运输车悬架匹配设计及运输平顺性仿真

为解决精密设备在半挂车运输中的振动问题,采用了一种半挂车鹅颈柔性牵引装置。在ADAMS中建立了整车多刚体动力学仿真模型,并对整车的悬架系统进行了匹配计算,通过随机路面输入的平顺性仿真分析,取得较好的结果,减轻了车辆对精密设备在运输过程中的振动破坏。     

空气悬架双轴厢式半挂车设计

安装空气悬架比普通金属悬架具有更好的平顺性，对提高车速，大幅度降低轮胎对路面的冲击有明显的优势。介绍了安装空气总架的半挂车的结构及工作原理。     

半主动空气弹簧悬架的PID优化控制与联合仿真

悬架系统是缓冲地面不平度对车辆扰动的重要工具,对行驶的平顺性有重要的影响。在对悬架系统动力学模型分析的基础上,建立了某车型半主动空气悬架的1/4实体模型及1/4车体半主动PID仿真模型,并用遗传算法对PID参数进行了整定。通过对所建模型的联合仿真与控制分析,结果表明:所采用的PID参数整定的策略是有效的,将其结果输入到联合仿真的模型中,改善了车辆行驶的平顺性。该方法有效的提高了悬架的设计效率,为悬架的优化控制策略研究提供了一种可行方法。     

优软:将液压空气悬架成功应用于半挂车的“第一人”

正目前国内乃至国外使用的半挂车,使用的悬架一般为钢板弹簧悬架或气囊空气悬架,而采用液压空气悬架,您听说过吗?对于液压空气悬架(学名:油气悬架),汽车行业人士并不陌生,它一直以来主要应用于矿用汽车、沙漠越野车等在恶劣环境下使用的非公路重载车辆;这些车辆采用液压空气悬架主要是     

空气悬架大客车平顺性仿真分析

应用MSC．ADAMS软件在ADAMS／Car里建立了整车动力学仿真模型，用Pro/E软件和试验的方法获得了整车动力学参数。在ADAMS／Car里进行了空气悬架大客车平顺性仿真分析，并将分析结果与试验结果进行了比较。结果表明，所建立的空气悬架大客车多体系统动力学模型。可以对空气悬架大客车整车性能做出正确的预测。     

基于非线性空气悬架理论的仿真及试验

从空气弹簧非线性特性人手对汽车空气弹簧悬架系统进行分析,运用Matlab／Simulink软件进行空气弹簧非线性曲线拟合和悬架系统的仿真计算,在此基础上进行了实际随机输入路面上的汽车平顺性试验,并对试验仪器及过程进行了详细描述。通过对试验结果与仿真数据的比较,证实了理论分析的正确性和仿真的准确性。     

双桥半挂车向心悬架的设计探讨

针对半挂车普通双桥悬架的缺陷，提出了向心悬架的设计思想，对向心悬架双桥半挂车的运动进行了理论分析，并提出了设计计算的方法。     

Failure mode and effects analysis of dual levelling valve airspring suspensions on truck dynamics

Failure mode and effects analysis are performed for a dual levelling valve pneumatic suspension to determine the effect of suspension failure on tractor–semi-trailer dynamics, using a detailed model of suspension pneumatics coupled with a truck dynamic model. A key element of failure analysis in suspensions with one or two levelling valves is determining the effect on the vehicle body roll when one or more failures occur. The failure modes considered are mainly the suspension pneumatic components, including clogged levelling valve, bent control rod, disabled lever arm, and punctured or leaking connectors and pipes. The pneumatic suspension is modelled in AMESim, with critical parameters established through component testing. Upon validating the AMESim component model experimentally, the pneumatic suspension model is integrated into TruckSim for studying the consequences of suspension failure on truck dynamics. The simulation results indicate that the second levelling valve in a dual-valve arrangement brings a certain amount of failure redundancy to the system, in the sense that when one side fails, the other side can compensate for the failure. Equipping the trailer with dual levelling valves brings an additional stabilising effect to the vehicle in the event of tractor suspension failure.     

Design of a Stroke Dependent Damper for the Front Axle Suspension of a Truck Using Multibody System Dynamics and Numerical Optimization

Summary A stroke dependent damper is designed for the front axle suspension of a truck. The damper supplies extra damping for inward deflections rising above 4 cm. In this way the damper should reduce extreme suspension deflections without deteriorating the comfort of the truck. But the question is which stroke dependent damping curve yields the best compromise between suspension deflection working space and comfort. Therefore an optimization problem is defined to minimize the maximum inward suspension deflection subject to constraints on the chassis acceleration for three typical road undulations. The optimization problem is solved using sequential linear programming (SLP) and multibody dynamics simulation software. Several optimization runs have been carried out for a small two degree of freedom vehicle model and a large full-scale model of the truck semi-trailer combination. The results show that the stroke dependent damping can reduce large deflections at incidental road disturbances, but that the optimum stroke dependent damping curve is related to the acceleration bound. By means of vehicle model simulation and numerical optimization we have been able to quantify this trade-off between suspension deflection working space and truck comfort.     

半挂汽车列车弯道行驶横向稳定性分析

为了进一步研究半挂汽车列车弯道行驶横向稳定性,运用动力学理论以及虚拟样机仿真软件ADAMS,建立了具有21自由度的半挂汽车列车虚拟样机,通过将稳态转向试验和转向盘角阶跃输入试验所得仿真结果与实车试验所得曲线相比较进行仿真模型的校验,分析了半挂汽车列车在弯道行驶极限工况下有关参数与时间的变化关系曲线,并分析极限工况所产生的原因。     

普通半挂牵引车驾驶室舒适性评价

由于传统半挂牵引车驾驶室采用的是半悬浮被动悬置,减振效果不好,对于经常进行中长途运输的半挂牵引车司机而言,连续较长时间的驾驶会使司机暴露于机械性全身振动(WBV)之中。由于目前还没有确凿的证据证明半挂牵引车司机的腰痛等职业病与全身振动有直接关联,故为探索有关驾驶半挂牵引车的健康风险程度进行了试验验证。对同一辆试验车在不同路面、载荷和车速的多工况下进行了研究,并将试验结果与标准GB/T 13441.1-2007附录B中的健康指南警告区域进行了对比。研究表明,在当前的行驶条件下,我国半挂牵引车司机每天的连续驾驶时间最多不应超过5.5 h。     

基于虚拟样机的空气悬架大客车平顺性仿真分析

以空气悬架大客车为研究对象,采用多体系统动力学的理论方法,建立某型客车的虚拟样机仿真模型,并进行平顺性仿真。最后测试车身上相应位置的加速度值,对模型进行验证。     

Numerical Optimization of the Linear Dynamic Behaviour of Commercial Vehicles

The demands upon the dynamic behaviour of a vehicle can be stated as an optimization problem. The optimum solution is calculated using an iterative optimization algorithm. Scaling the problem by non-linear transformations reduces the number of iterations. Lagrange multipliers provide useful information about the sensitivity of the optimum with respect to changes of the constraints. The analysis of the dynamic behaviour is performed in the frequency domain. New structural variants are calculated using system synthesis. As an example, the engine, cab and wheel suspension systems of a tractor/semi-trailer have been optimized all together.     

Fuzzy adaptive sliding mode controller for an air spring active suspension

A fuzzy adaptive sliding mode controller for an air spring active suspension system is developed. Due to nonlinearity, preload-dependent spring force and parameter uncertainty in the air spring, it is difficult to control the suspension system. To achieve the desired performance, a fuzzy adaptive sliding mode controller (FASMC) is designed to improve the passenger comfort and the manipulability of the vehicle. The fuzzy adaptive system handles the nonlinearity and uncertainty of the air suspension. A normal linear suspension model with an optimal state feedback control is designed as the reference model. The simulation results show that this control scheme more effectively and robustly isolates vibrations of the vehicle body than the conventional sliding mode controller (CSMC).     

基于LQR控制的现代客车自适应空气悬架

长期在不良工况的道路上驾驶会降低驾驶员的乘坐舒适性。随着人们对乘坐舒适性需求不断提升,空气弹簧的优势尤为明显。文章提出了一种基于LQR控制策略的自适应空气悬架系统的创新设计方案,提出的LQR控制器采用粒子群算法进行优化。以客车空气悬架为研究对象,采用MATLAB软件对空气悬架系统的被动和自适应动力学模型进行了设计和仿真。仿真结果表明,自适应空气悬架系统在保证车辆稳定性的同时,降低了车辆在随机道路上的最大位移幅值,从而提高了车辆的平顺性。