基于Pairing抗选择密文攻击的新门限密码体制

为提高Baek-Zheng方案的解密效率,用逆运算代替Baek-Zheng方案中所用的点乘运算设计验证过程.由于验证过程只需1次Pairing操作,故在保持Baek-Zheng方案的加密速度以及密文和解密碎片的长度的前提下,新方案将每个门限解密参与者的效率提高了近1倍.新方案在O rac le D iffie-Hellm an假设下被证明可以抗选择密文攻击.     

Optimal inspection and replacement strategy for systems subject to two types of failures with adjustable inspection intervals

The inspection activities are often carried out to detect possible indication of failures in plant systems. This paper considers a single unit system subject to two types of failures, where one failure mode is the traditional 0-1 logic failure and the other failure mode is described by a two-stage failure process. Adjustable inspections are used to detect the defective stage of the latter. We assume that the inspection duration gets shorter and shorter with a constant ratio. At the same time, preventive replacement is used to avoid the possible failure due to the former failure mode. The renewal process of this system is analyzed and the expected long-run cost per unit time (ELRCUT) is derived. The optimal inspection period and the preventive replacement interval to minimize ELRCUT are studied. At last, a numerical example is presented to illustrate the proposed model.     

Bayesian reliability assessment and degradation modeling with calibrations and random failure threshold

A degradation model with a random failure threshold is presented for the assessment of reliability by the Bayesian approach. This model is different from others in that the degradation process is proceeding under pre-specified periodical calibrations. And here a random threshold distribution instead of a constant threshold which is difficult to determine in practice is used. The system reliability is defined as the probability that the degradation signals do not exceed the random threshold. Based on the posterior distribution estimates of degradation performance, two models for Bayesian reliability assessments are presented in terms of the degradation performance and the distribution of random failure threshold. The methods proposed in this paper are very useful and practical for multi-stage system with uncertain failure threshold. This study perfects the degradation modeling approaches and plays an important role in the remaining useful life estimation and maintenance decision making.     

Reliability Analysis for the Competing Failure with Probabilistic Failure Threshold Value and Its Application to the k-out-of-n Systems

A method for reliability analysis of the competing failure with the probabilistic failure threshold value not the fixed threshold value is presented, which involves the random shocks and the degradation is independent and dependent respectively. Specifically, for the dependent condition, the effect due to the random shocks on the degradation is considered with a damage factor. In addition, the dependent competing failure model is applied to the reliability analysis of the k-out-of-n systems. Finally, two studied cases are presented to illustrate the proposed method, and the results show the proposed method is reasonable.     

转轴式伸缩缝在苏通大桥上的应用

苏通大桥主桥伸缩缝采用异型钢与单元橡胶密封带组合的模数式结构。文章主要介绍了该伸缩缝的结构特点、工作原理及针对苏通大桥特点进行的改进,该伸缩缝的所有工作部件均可在不中断交通的情况下进行更换。     

动车组单部件两级非完美维护策略及优化研究

对动车组部件的维修保养是保证车辆在运营期间具有一定可靠度的重要措施,其维护周期的确定直接影响铁路运输安全.基于我国动车组的多级维护制度,提出部件的多等级非完美维护策略.选取动车组四级修时更换的部件为研究对象,建立了一种基于里程故障威布尔分布的两级非完美维护模型.以我国现行的动车组维护计划为框架,提出了动车组部件的两种维护方案,将维修时间和维修成本作为优化目标,应用多目标遗传算法对研究区间内的维修周期和所需的维修等级进行决策,并与单一非完美维护模型的优化结果进行比较.研究结果表明,两级非完美维护策略能以更低的维护成本得到满足可靠度要求的维护计划,且在不严格匹配整车维修等级的部件维护方案下得到的维护计划能够在较少的维护成本和维护次数下使部件处于较高的可靠度,更具经济性和安全性.      

民用航空发动机在翼时间控制方法

为了通过视情维修策略控制民航发动机在翼时间,分析了发动机维修与在翼时间的特点,建立了反映在翼时间与状态监测变量和故障强度之间关系的比例强度模型,确立了性能衰退下的在翼时间控制限与单位时间总成本期望值最小时的最优预防性维修间隔,并进行了CF6-80C2A5型发动机运营数据的实例验证。结果表明:故障强度小,则在翼时间控制限低;预防性维修与事后维修成本率会影响最优预防性维修间隔;完备的发动机拆换与在翼历史记录、维修成本、适航与制造商要求、寿命件限制等数据是提高在翼时间控制准确性的关键。     

不同强度电刺激诱发岛叶激活的功能磁共振成像研究

目的利用功能磁共振成像技术(fMRI)观察不同强度电刺激作用下岛叶的激活反应,探讨岛叶在痛觉调控网络中的作用。方法采用GE公司1.5T超导型磁共振扫描系统,对10名右利手健康志愿者分别施加1倍痛阈、2倍痛阈、3倍痛阈三个不同强度的电刺激任务,同期进行脑功能活动的全脑fMRI扫描,应用功能性神经图像分析(AF-NI)软件包进行后处理以显示岛叶激活的变化。结果1倍痛阈强度电刺激诱发的脑激活区主要位于对侧岛叶后部;2倍痛阈强度电刺激诱发的脑激活区则集中于对侧岛叶前部,信号未见明显增强;当施加3倍痛阈强度电刺激时,双侧岛叶均表现出显著激活,且激活范围也有所增大。结论岛叶在痛觉调控网络中发挥了重要作用。在不同强度电刺激作用下,该区表现出分离性激活特性,其激活曲线呈现出较为特征性的“S”形曲线。     

Inspection-Based Policy Considering Human Errors for Three-Stage Delay Time Degradation Systems

A periodic inspection policy for a single component system based on a three-stage failure process is proposed, and two different kinds of failures covering “hard” and “human” are considered in the proposed policy. The system is periodically inspected and inspections are perfect so that they can identify the intended defect. If the severe defect is detected by an inspection, an immediate repair is needed. However, once the system is identified to be in the minor defective state, there are two options. The first is to do nothing till the arrival of identifying the severe defect or hard failure, and the second is to repair immediately. Repair for any defect can renew the system with a limited probability such that the system may fail after repair due to human errors, which is common in many industrial applications. Two models are constructed by minimizing the expected cost per unit time and compared. We provide a numerical example to demonstrate the proposed model.     

Opportunistic preventive maintenance optimization for multi-unit series systems with combing multi-preventive maintenance techniques

This paper proposes a dynamic opportunistic preventive maintenance (PM) optimization policy for multi-unit series systems by integrating multi PM techniques. Two PM techniques, periodic PM and sequential PM, are considered. Whenever one of the units reaches its reliability threshold, a PM action has to be performed on that unit. At that time the whole system has to be stopped and PM opportunities arise for the other units of the system. An optimal PM practice is determined by maximizing the short-term cumulative opportunistic maintenance (OM) cost savings for the whole system. Numerical examples are given to show how this approach works. Finally, a comparison between the proposed PM policy and the other policies is given.     

交通事故持续期内行程时间的可靠性研究

为研究交通事故影响下路网性能的随机性,定义路网行程时间可靠性为路网在交通事故持续期内平均行程时间小于预定阈值的概率.假定事故持续时间为服从正态分布的随机变量,将给定的事故持续时间离散化为相同长度的子时段,综合运用Logit路径选择准则和路段传输模型,提出了基于Monte-Carlo法的路网行程时间可靠度模拟算法.用一个测试网络来验证算法,其事故持续时间均值为8～20 min、方差为0.5～5.0 min, 子时段出行需求为4.0和4.5辆,时间阈值为事故前走行时间的2.0和2.2倍.研究结果表明:路网行程时间可靠度均随事故持续时间均值的增大而减小;当出行需求为4.5辆、时间阈值为事故前走行时间2.0倍时,行程时间可靠度随着事故时间方差的增大而增大;当需求小于4.5辆、时间阈值大于2.0倍时,可靠度随着时间方差的增大而减小.      

带随机延滞的衍生的ARCH模型的几何遍历性

引入了带随机延滞的门限自回归滑动平均一自回归条件异方差模型,讨论了这个模型的极限行为,并给出了该模型以几何速率收敛的充分条件．该模型将固定延滞的衍生的门限自回归滑动平均一自回归条件异方差模型推广为延滞受到一个有限状态马氏链控制的衍生的门限自回归滑动平均一自回归条件异方差模型,能更好的拟合现实世界中的诸多实际问题．同时,推广了自回归条件异方差模型,增强了模型的适应性,能够更好的拟合金融市场中价格行为波动的现象．     

公交候车时间容忍阈值的分布特征及影响因素

公交候车时间容忍阈值反映的是出行者能够容忍的最长候车时间. 研究公交候车时间容忍阈值有助于我们更好地理解出行者对候车时间的感知和态度，从而采取针对性的对策提高公交吸引力和分担率，并可以为公交运营组织提供参考. 本文采用昆明市的调查数据，对候车时间容忍阈值进行了实证研究. 首先，对候车时间容忍阈值的分布特征进行了统计分析，并采用秩和检验法对不同群体的候车时间容忍阈值的分布差异进行了检验. 进一步，基于序次Logit 模型识别了候车时间容忍阈值的影响因素，发现年龄、受教育程度、年龄和受教育程度的交互项、职业、家庭年收入、公交出行频率对候车时间容忍阈值有显著影响.     

公交候车时间容忍阈值的分布特征及影响因素

公交候车时间容忍阈值反映的是出行者能够容忍的最长候车时间. 研究公交候车时间容忍阈值有助于我们更好地理解出行者对候车时间的感知和态度,从而采取针对性的对策提高公交吸引力和分担率,并可以为公交运营组织提供参考. 本文采用昆明市的调查数据,对候车时间容忍阈值进行了实证研究. 首先,对候车时间容忍阈值的分布特征进行了统计分析,并采用秩和检验法对不同群体的候车时间容忍阈值的分布差异进行了检验. 进一步,基于序次Logit 模型识别了候车时间容忍阈值的影响因素,发现年龄、受教育程度、年龄和受教育程度的交互项、职业、家庭年收入、公交出行频率对候车时间容忍阈值有显著影响.     

选择性前列腺素EP_1受体阻断剂抑制糖尿病大鼠隐神经中C单位的传入活动

目的　观察前列腺素E2 (prostaglandinsE2 ,PGE2 )的特异性受体EP1受体亚型拮抗剂SC192 2 0对糖尿病大鼠隐神经中C单位传入活动的影响。方法　在大鼠隐神经C单位感受野中心皮内注射EP1受体拮抗剂SC192 2 0 ,测定C单位对持续 1min阈刺激和阈上刺激的反应。结果　与对照组相比 ,糖尿病组大鼠C单位的机械阈值显著降低 (P <0 .0 1)。皮内注射SC192 2 0前后 ,持续阈刺激和阈上刺激所诱发的对照组大鼠C单位的传入放电无显著差异 ;持续阈刺激诱发的糖尿病大鼠C单位的传入放电在注射后明显减少 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,而持续阈上刺激诱发的传入放电则无显著变化。结论　EP1受体阻断剂可阻断PGE2 对C单位的敏化作用而缓解糖尿病大鼠的痛过敏 ,提示PGE2 在糖尿病痛过敏的外周机制中具有重要作用。     

时间阈值对公交不平等评价结果的影响

时间阈值对公交可达性计算结果的影响,是否进一步影响到公交不平等评价结果,尚不明 确。以浙江省海宁市为例,用一种改进的两步移动搜索法(E2SFCA)计算公交可达性,得到 10~90 min共9个时间阈值下研究区域的总体、市区和农村公交服务的基尼系数,比较了不同时间 阈值下的基尼系数差异;按市区和农村两个群组对总体基尼系数进行分解,分析在时间阈值下群 组内和群组间不平等对总体公交不平等的影响。结果发现：随时间阈值增大而基尼系数逐渐减 小,公交不平等评价由“差距悬殊”变为“相对合理”;总体公交不平等的主要来源为群组内不平等 且贡献率在10~40 min时逐渐下降,在50~90 min时逐渐上升。研究表明,不同时间阈值会使公交 不平等评价结果出现偏差甚至得到相反的结论,有必要进一步研究消除时间阈值影响的方法。     

基于需求转移的货运班列动态舱位控制策略研究

基于收益管理的思想,综合考虑顾客需求转移和批量订舱行为,建立离散时间的铁路货运班列动态舱位控制模型,指出在任意决策阶段,舱位预定请求接受/拒绝阈值点若存在则至少存在一个的特性.然后在任意决策阶段,利用每种舱位的阈值点构造了两组区间序列,针对每组区间序列给出相应的舱位预定请求的接受/拒绝策略.此外还证明了期望收益函数的性质及阈值点关于需求转移率的单调性.最后,通过设计3组仿真实验分别验证了最优舱位控制策略的可行性及相关性质的正确性.     

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为了更加准确而有效地描述复杂、时变的城市道路网络和交通状况,并且为道路网络功能的合理级配和缓解城市交通拥堵的局面提供一个切实可行的途径,本文提出了城市道路网络失效相关分析的方法。该方法是在采用改进的多路径交通分配得到的路网流量数据基础上,使用失效准则判定道路单元,再使用Monte Carlo方法和线性回归方法计算道路单元的失效概率和相关系数,最后结合概率网络估算技术判断道路网络失效的相关性。本文还具体结合一个测试网络给出了该方法的使用流程,并论证其可行性。而且分析了失效相关性的影响因素和道路网络功能级配与失效相关性之间的关系。     

考虑时间阈值的铁路运输链分担率模型

以义乌-宁波国际集装箱内陆段托运人为研究对象,选取运输链属性、托运人属性和货物属性构建运输链效用函数,通过意愿调查获取托运人货运选择数据以分析其选择机理.比较了MNL 模型（Multinomial Logit）与MNLS 模型（Swait 提出的MNL）、 CMNL模型（Constrained MNL）等阈值模型在参数估计结果和选择行为解释能力上的差异.结果表明：运输链时间、费用、时间阈值和企业规模等因素对货运服务选择至关重要; 引入时间阈值可有效提高模型精度,忽视时间阈值将导致时间价值有偏;当铁路运输链 时间与时间阈值要求差距甚大或较小时,忽视时间阈值易低估或高估铁路运输链服务水 平改善所提升的分担率.     

A Novel Model of Failure Rate Prediction for Circular Electrical Connectors

The reliability of electrical connectors has critical impact on electronic systems. It is usually characterized by failure rate prediction value according to standard MIL-HDBK-217(or GJB-299 C in Chinese) in engineering practice. Given to their limitations and mislead results, a new failure rate prediction models needs to be presented. The presented model aims at the mechanism of increase of film thickness which leads to the increase of contact resistance. The estimated failure rate value can be given at different environmental conditions,and some of the factors affecting the reliability are taken into account. Accelerated degradation test(ADT) was conducted on GJB599 III series electrical connector. The failure rate prediction model can be simply formed and convenient to calculate the expression of failure rate changing with time at various temperature and vibration conditions. This model gives an objective assessment in short time, which makes it convenient to be applied to the engineering.