基于粒子法的液舱共振晃荡现象研究

使用一种新的无网格粒子法——移动粒子半隐式法研究了液舱的共振晃荡现象.该方法使用粒子邻居间的关系构建模型以离散控制方程中的微分项,使用粒子数密度概念来保持流体的不可压缩性和识别自由表面.文中模拟了液箱横摇以及液箱多自由度激励下混合晃荡两组实例,验证了该粒子法在自由表面流动模拟中的优越性.     

弱可压缩移动粒子半隐式方法（WC-MPS）与湍流大涡模型（LES）模拟溃坝流动

应用弱可压缩移动粒子半隐式法（WC-MPS）结合湍流大涡模型(LES)模拟了自由液面流动问题。该方法通过流体状态方程实现流场压力的直接计算,并根据大涡模拟Smagorinsky模型来计算湍流项。最后应用该方法,针对两个溃坝自由液面流动问题,特别考虑不同粒子直径以及湍流Smagorinsky系数,进行数值对比研究以及实验对比分析,得到了采用较小粒子直径和较大湍流Smagorinsky系数模拟大变形自由液面具有较好结果的结论。     

溃坝流动的有限元数值模拟

利用有限元(FEM)、大涡模拟(LES)和流体体积法(VOF)对溃坝流动进行了数值计算,并与实验结果进行了对比.结果表明,该方法能够准确模拟出溃坝过程的水流运动情况.由于该数值模型是基于有限元方法,因此对复杂边界具有较强的适应能力;文中对自由表面的模拟采用CLEAR-VOF进行捕捉和重构,使得非结构化网格可以应用到自由表面问题的数值模拟中;同时大涡模拟也被集成到该模型中,这为处理复杂湍流流动问题提供了更为可靠的保证.本文的工作为进一步研究复杂边界条件下带有自由表面的湍流流动问题奠定了基础.     

基于Youngs法的液舱大幅晃荡数值模拟

液舱大幅晃荡一直是船舶水动力学研究的热点问题.文章采用Youngs法重构自由表面,给出了自由表面单元的速度边界条件,并且对液体晃荡中出现的流体翻卷、破碎后出现的流体波面的锋-锋相遇的情况进行了分析和讨论.数值模拟结果表明,Youngs法结合适当的自由表面条件,能够较好地模拟液舱内大幅晃荡中出现的翻卷和破碎的现象.     

MPS方法模拟三维圆柱形液舱晃荡问题

[目的]为了研究在单自由度横荡激励下,激励频率对液舱晃荡现象的影响,将移动粒子半隐式(MPS)方法应用于水平圆柱形液舱晃荡问题。[方法]基于改进的MPS方法和GPU并行加速技术,课题组将自主开发的无网格粒子法求解器MPSGPU-SJTU应用到三维圆柱形液舱晃荡问题中。首先,进行模型验证,对激励频率为一阶固有频率时的晃荡现象进行模拟。然后,在此基础上进行不同激励频率下的晃荡现象计算,并将激励频率在1.2 Hz的模拟结果与实验结果进行对比。最后,在此基础上模拟不同激励频率下液舱的横荡运动。[结结果]结果显示,MPSGPU-SJTU求解器能够较好地模拟圆柱形液舱内的液体晃荡现象,也能较为精确地计算液舱受力;当激励频率在固有频率附近时,晃荡现象十分剧烈,当远离固有频率时,晃荡会迅速变弱,液舱受力也随之迅速减小。[结论]所得模拟结果能够为圆柱形液舱的设计应用提供有效参考。     

移动粒子半隐式法的研究进展及应用

介绍了一种Lagrange无网格数值方法——移动粒子半隐式法,该方法使用粒子取代了传统方法中的网格,用粒子与其周围粒子之间的关系取代了传统方法中的差分项,利用粒子数密度的变化来识别自由表面．由于使用了Lagrange形式的控制方程,避免了可能出现的数值发散情况．重点介绍了该方法的理论基础,研究热点及进展等．     

基于SPS-SPH方法的自由表面流动数值模拟

SPS-SPH方法是为了克服经典SPH方法中人工粘性过于分散的缺点,以及克服改进的SPH方法中层流粘性不能准确捕捉湍流流体运动的不足。该方法借鉴大涡模拟方法的思想提出了一个亚粒子尺度(Sub-Particle Scale,简称SPS)涡粘性项并将它附加在Morris的层流粘性项之后。分别采用SPS-SPH方法和经典SPH方法对2D溃坝问题进行数值模拟并与实验数据进行了比较,结果表明,SPS-SPH方法的计算结果比经典SPH方法更加接近实验结果,该方法合理可靠,能够应用于数值模拟自由表面流动的相关问题。将SPS-SPH方法进一步运用于求解二维和三维典型自由表面流动问题,计算结果表明,SPS-SPH方法对于自由表面流动的数值模拟问题具有较高的精确度,对解决此类问题有较大的参考价值。     

航海模拟器中破碎浪的建模

为实现航海模拟器视景系统中破碎浪的仿真,对近岸区域容易产生的崩碎波和卷碎波进行建模.采用光滑粒子动力学(Smooth Particle Hydrodynamics,SPH)方法对流体进行建模,以容易产生浪花的港区岸壁、码头等 为目标模拟区域进行抽象确定边界.基于SPH流体的粒子无序性和同时间步长位置相对固定等特点,对链表搜索法进行改进,提出前向链表搜索法,对SPH模型的近邻搜索算法进行了改进,使得粒子搜索时间复杂度大大降低,提高了粒子近邻搜索的效率.所建立的破碎浪模型具有较好的实时性效果.     

应用弱可压缩移动粒子半隐式法（WC-MPS）模拟三维溃坝流动

应用弱可压缩移动粒子半隐式法（WC-MPS）模拟了三维溃坝自由液面流动问题。该方法应用流体状态方程来快速求解流场压力,而不是求解压力Poisson方程。对于流动控制方程中的梯度项以及Laplace算子项,分别应用基于核函数加权平均的梯度算子模型以及Laplace算子模型进行处理。同时在固体边界处,通过定义边界粒子以及虚拟粒子来避免粒子数密度计算在边界处出现错误。应用该方法,对两个三维溃坝自由液面流动问题进行了模拟,并与实验结果进行了对比分析,表明两者结果较为一致。     

高雷诺数圆湍潜射流的数值模拟研究

运用计算流体动力学(computational fluid dynamics, CFD)方法,基于不可压缩的Navier-Stokes方程,对真实尺度下的高雷诺数圆管湍流潜射流与自由表面的相互作用进行了数值研究.在圆管湍流射流过程中运用Realizable k-ε的雷诺时均(Reynolds average navier-stokes, RANS)模型,射流停止后,采用大涡模拟(large eddy simulation, LES)方法模拟大尺度涡在背景流体中的演化.研究表明:随着时间的推移,湍射流涡结构从球形冠状结构向具有准二维的流动特征转变,涡的前端出现明显的塌陷现象,并逐渐达到某种相对稳定的状态;从流场中纵剖面上来看,射流流体逐渐上升并向自由表面聚集,并有流体在自由表面处反射,形成斜向下的流动,同时中纵剖面上形成许多局部微小的涡结构;从自由表面上来看,流场从初始的具有速度辐射与速度汇聚中心而不形成涡的阶段向表面流体主要向前流动并出现涡演化的阶段转变.     

Numerical simulation of viscous liquid sloshing by moving-particle semi-implicit method

A meshless numerical simulation method, the moving-particle semi-implicit method （MPS） is presented in this paper to study the sloshing phenomenon in ocean and naval engineering. As a meshless method, MPS uses particles to replace the mesh in traditional methods, the governing equations are discretized by virtue of the relationship of particles, and the Poisson equation of pressure is solved by incomplete Cholesky conjugate gradient method （ICCG）, the free surface is tracked by the change of numerical density. A numerical experiment of viscous liquid sloshing tank was presented and compared with the result got by the difference method with the VOF, and an additional modification step was added to make the simulation more stable. The results show that the MPS method is suitable for the simulation of viscous liquid sloshing, with the advantage in arranging the particles easily, especially on some complex curved surface.     

基于MPS-FEM耦合方法研究波浪与结构的相互作用（英文）

Nowadays, an increasing number of ships and marine structures are manufactured and inevitably operated in rough sea. As a result, some phenomena related to the violent fluid-elastic structure interactions(e.g., hydrodynamic slamming on marine vessels, tsunami impact on onshore structures, and sloshing in liquid containers) have aroused huge challenges to ocean engineering fields. In this paper, the moving particle semi-implicit(MPS) method and finite element method(FEM) coupled method is proposed for use in numerical investigations of the interaction between a regular wave and a horizontal suspended structure. The fluid domain calculated by the MPS method is dispersed into fluid particles, and the structure domain solved by the FEM method is dispersed into beam elements. The generation of the 2D regular wave is firstly conducted, and convergence verification is performed to determine appropriate particle spacing for the simulation. Next, the regular wave interacting with a rigid structure is initially performed and verified through the comparison with the laboratory experiments. By verification, the MPS-FEM coupled method can be applied to fluid-structure interaction(FSI) problems with waves. On this basis, taking the flexibility of structure into consideration, the elastic dynamic response of the structure subjected to the wave slamming is investigated, including the evolutions of the free surface, the variation of the wave impact pressures, the velocity distribution,and the structural deformation response. By comparison with the rigid case, the effects of the structural flexibility on wave-elastic structure interaction can be obtained.     

Two-dimensional numerical simulation of water splash phenomena with and without surface tension

Two-dimensional numerical analyses were conducted and analyzed to simulate water splash produced by free falling object models starting from the resting position. The equilateral prism-shaped object models were allowed to fall onto the free surface of the water. The moving-particle semi-implicit (MPS) method was used to solve the unsteady Navier-Stokes equation for incompressible fluid flows with and without the surface tension effect. Froude numbers of 0.75, 1.0, and 1.25 were used with different model sizes for the entry velocity at the free surface. Splashes obtained by numerical computation closely agreed with the experimental results. The surface tension force, the Froude number, and the Weber number were found in these calculations to play major roles in determining various types of splash shapes. Model size was found to influence splash phenomena, even if the Froude number remained the same. The dependencies on these two nondimensional numbers and the fundamental law of similarity on water splash with and without the surface tension effect were thoroughly investigated in this research. Several two-dimensional numerical simulations are presented in this article to describe the hydrodynamic behaviors of water splash with and without the surface tension effect.     

一种船体及周围自由面的网格自动生成方法

船体湿表面及船体周围的自由面网格自动生成技术是采用Rankine源方法进行水动力分析的基础.文中使用累加弧长三次参数样条函数生成船体湿表面网格,使用无限插值的方法生成自由面网格,运用拉伸变换确定自由面网格外边界上的结点分布以控制自由面面元的疏密.使用该方法生成的网格进行了水动力分析,计算结果表明该方法准确灵活,可以满足使用Rankine源方法对船舶进行水动力分析的需要.     

具有自由液面效应的圆柱绕流三维数值模拟

基于计算流体力学软件CFX、应用RNG k-ε湍流模型、结合流体体积法(VOF法)模拟均匀流场中半沉浸三维圆柱运动,分析自由液面对圆柱尾迹以及圆柱表面水动力特征参数的影响。结果表明:在自由液面流场中,雷诺数较高时,自由液面对流场流动的影响较小;而雷诺数一定时,自由液面对流场的影响随着傅汝德数的增加而增加;在自由液面作用下,圆柱的时均阻力系数和时均压力系数随流场的傅汝德数和雷诺数的增加而减小。     

一种基于高阶谱特征的舰船目标识别方法

基于高分辨距离像(HRRP)的舰船目标识别问题,提出了一种基于高阶谱特征的舰船目标识别方法。在对舰船目标HRRP特性分析的基础上,首先利用姿态角进行方位约束筛选,然后通过高阶谱特征结合欧氏距离测度最近邻分类器进行识别匹配。通过10类军民船目标的实测数据进行测试,验证结果表明该方法在舰船目标识别领域具有很好的应用前景。     

带自由液面有限长圆柱绕流数值模拟

[目的]为了探究自由液面及自由端对典型钝体绕流问题的影响,对带自由液面的有限长圆柱绕流进行研究。[方法]基于延时分离涡模拟(DDES)技术和分段线性界面重构(PLIC)方法,利用自主开发的naoe-FOAM-SJTU求解器开展数值模拟。[结果]结果显示,自由液面和自由端的存在增大了局部位置的升、阻力,推迟了圆柱表面流动分离的发生;相较于深吃水位置,自由液面附近流向的速度"恢复"延缓,横向的速度呈向外运动的趋势;自由液面的变形产生了大量细碎的漩涡,自由端的卷拧状漩涡在一定程度上抑制了卡门涡街的发展。[结论]研究表明,目前采用的数值方法能够准确捕捉复杂流场,同时,自由液面和自由端的存在将显著改变流场沿吃水方向的分布。     

溃坝问题的数值仿真和实验(英文)

In this paper, two novel numerical computation methods are introduced which have been recently developed at Research Institute for Applied Mechanics ( RIAM ), Kyushu University, for strongly nonlinear wave-body interaction problems, such as ship motions in rough seas and resulting green-water impact on deck. The first method is the CIP-based Cartesian grid method, in which the free surface flow is treated as a multi-phase flow which is solved using a Cartesian grid. The second method is the MPS method, which is a so-called particle method and hence no grid is used. The features and calculation procedures of these numerical methods are described. One validation computation against a newly conducted experiment on a dam break problem, which is also described in this paper, is presented.     

基于LBM方法的圆盘等速入水空泡的数值模拟

采用单相格子Boltzmann模型进行了物体垂直入水问题的研究.该模型适用于大密度比的气液两相流动,其特点是忽略了系统中气相对液相的动力学影响.模拟了圆盘垂直等速入水过程,给出了入水过程中空泡与自由面的变化规律,研究了圆盘入水空泡相对闭合深度与Froude数之间的关系.数值模拟结果与相关的实验结果吻合良好,验证了格子Boltzmann方法(LBM:Lattice Boltzmann Method)模拟物体入水问题的可行性.     

小额支付系统的实现与处理流程

本文参考某省移动公司小额支付电子商务平台的实际项目,从工程项目的角度描述了业务功能和系统结构,并详细叙述了其中一种代表性的业务处理流程,为移动小额支付业务提供了完整的概要设计方案.