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基于经验模式分解的滤波去噪算法 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
经验模式分解法被认为是非线性、非平稳数据处理方法的新进展.其最大优点是根据信号本身的特性自适应地产生合适的模态函数,这些模态函数能很好地反映信号在任何时间局部的频率特征,克服了小波变换中要选取合适小波基的困难.基于经验模式分解的分解特性,本文提出了一种新的阈值去噪方法,通过事先建立的经验阈值,根据自适应方法对噪声进行去除,然后对去除的噪声进行随机采样后加入到去噪信号中重新滤波,通过反复滤波迭代进行噪声的去除.实验结果证明了本方法与小波相比具有自身独特的优势. 相似文献
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研究了脉冲激光雷达大气后向散射回波信号特性,介绍了一种以Hilbert-Huang变换(HHT)为基础的滤波新方法--固有模态(EMD)分解滤波,并与扩展卡尔曼滤波(EKF)、小波阈值滤波算法进行对比.针对典型大气条件下回波信号特点进行仿真,对各种方法在不同信噪比信号条件下滤波效果进行评价,分析它们的优缺点.仿真结果证明:EKF法仅在均匀大气高信噪比条件下滤波效果较好;小波阈值方法具有更强的适应性,是中低信噪比条件下的最优算法;EMD分解滤波具有很高研究价值,该方法在高信噪比条件下处理效果最好,是现有方法的必要补充.综合运用3种方法才能使滤波效果达到最佳. 相似文献
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不论是军用舰船还是民用船舶,雷达系统都是必不可少的组成部分,起到通信、导航、定位等重要功能。由于雷达系统在运行时会产生各种干扰信号,如地面杂波信号、气象杂波信号等,因此,要想提高雷达系统的精度,就必须要对雷达系统的信号进行滤波和降噪处理。经验模态分解技术是一种适用于非线性系统的时域-频域分析技术,有助于雷达信号的降噪、特征信息提取等。本文系统介绍了经验模态分解技术的原理,重点研究了船载监控雷达信号降噪与分析技术。 相似文献
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为了提高船舶运动极短期预报精度及预报时间长度,本文采用小波多分辨率分析方法,将含有噪声的船舶运动信号进行了多尺度小波变换,通过采用阈值函数法对各尺度下细节信号的小波系数进行处理,对小波分解层数、小波基函数、阈值处理方法进行了深入研究,并通过模型试验数据对滤波效果进行了验证分析,实现了船舶运动信号的小波滤波.进一步针对船舶运动的非线性特性,基于深度神经网络的非线性映射能力,建立了基于LSTM网络的多步直接映射船舶运动极短期预报模型,并采用滤波后的船舶运动数据进行了不同工况下的预报分析.结果表明,不同时间长度的预报与试验结果幅值和相位吻合较好,验证了所建立的极短期预报模型的可行性. 相似文献
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《舰船科学技术》2021,(8)
现有方法在实践中均存在抗干扰性较低与信号分离失真度较高的问题,因此提出一种新的时域特征提取方法。首先对小波包分解中故障信号的能量分布进行获取。对舰船动力机械设备故障信号仿真信号进行数学表达,将db10小波当作小波包基函数,实施信号的小波包3层分解,获取8个频带。Gray编码分解频带,获取依频带顺序进行排列的各频带的对应分解波形,根据各频带的对应分解波形,获取各频带的对应频率范围,再根据各频带的对应频率范围实施能量分析。最后利用EMD实施小波包分解中故障信号时域特征的提取。进行该方法与现有方法关于抗干扰性与信号分离失真度的对比实验,实验结果证明该方法的抗干扰性更高、信号分离失真度更低,对比现有方法实现了突破,实用性很强。 相似文献
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以降低舰船电气设备运行所受电磁串扰影响为目的,提出基于小波变换技术的舰船电气设备信号去噪抑制方法。建立舰船电气设备信号电磁串扰噪声模型,使用小波变换方法对电气设备信号噪声进行抑制,针对小波变换去噪能量泄漏大、频带混叠大等问题,使用双树复小波的实部树和虚部树进行电气设备信号分解,即保留小波分解的优点又可以完全重构电气设备信号,并结合硬阈值和软阈值函数优点,形成通用阈值函数,优化小波变换的阈值函数,保证更好信号去噪抑制效果。通过实验可以看出,该方法的应用既可以有效抑制电气设备信号中的噪声干扰,又可以保证原始信号波形不被破坏,同时在信号分解时,可以在噪声聚集的高频部分形成十分优秀的降噪效果,使信号趋近平稳状态。 相似文献
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针对舰船耐波性实测信号中趋势项难以消除而影响滤波精度这一问题,采用经验模态分解方法消除趋势项的影响.根据舰船对波浪运动响应的低频特点,在经验模态分解前先进行低通滤波,可使实测运动信号中的谱峰频率处在相对高频位置,减少EMD迭代次数,并使有用信息包含在第一个IMF中,方便对有用模态的识别.还针对实船耐波性试验无法直接获得垂荡位移的实际问题,对垂向运动加速度联合采用低通滤波、数值积分和EMD去趋势项消除积分误差的方法获得垂荡,通过模型耐波性试验以及对实舰横摇角速度采用该方法求得的横摇与实测横摇的比较,验证了该方法在舰船耐波性实测信号分析中的有效性. 相似文献
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Wu Y.Zhu J.Zou B. 《中国舰船研究》2022,(6):111-117
[Objective]In order to overcome the disadvantages of the traditional ensemble empirical mode decomposition (EEMD) method in selecting parameters (integration time and white noise amplitude coefficient) based on experience, and reduce the cost of calculation time, a fast ensemble empirical mode decomposition (FEEMD) method is used to extract the characteristic frequency. [Method]By changing the distribution density of the added white noise, different signal envelopes can be obtained. Furthermore, we can identify the optimal envelope by finding the optimal search window width of the moving mean filter, thereby avoiding the defect of EEMD selecting parameters by experience. At the same time, after the abnormal component in the signal is decomposed, the residual component can be decomposed by EMD to further save the calculation time cost. Finally, the method is combined with Hilbert envelope demodulation technology and applied to the fault characteristic frequency diagnosis of the bearing inner ring of an asynchronous motor. [Results]As the results show, compared with the traditional EEMD method, FEEMD can extract the fault frequency more efficiently. [Conclusion]FEEMD overcomes the disadvantages of the traditional EEMD method in selecting parameters based on experience and shortens the calculation time. As such, it can be effectively applied in bearing fault frequency extraction experiments. © The Author(s) 2022. 相似文献
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Separation of the components of rigid acoustic scattering by underwater objects is essential in obtaining the structural characteristics of such objects. To overcome the problem of rigid structures appearing to have the same spectral structure in the time domain, time–frequency Blind Source Separation (BSS) can be used in combination with image morphology to separate the rigid scattering components of different objects. Based on a highlight model, the separation of the rigid scattering structure of objects with time–frequency distribution is deduced. Using a morphological filter, different characteristics in a Wigner–Ville Distribution (WVD) observed for single auto term and cross terms can be simplified to remove any cross-term interference. By selecting time and frequency points of the auto terms signal, the accuracy of BSS can be improved. An experimental simulation has been used, with changes in the pulse width of the transmitted signal, the relative amplitude and the time delay parameter, in order to analyzing the feasibility of this new method. Simulation results show that the new method is not only able to separate rigid scattering components, but can also separate the components when elastic scattering and rigid scattering exist at the same time. Experimental results confirm that the new method can be used in separating the rigid scattering structure of underwater objects. 相似文献
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利用经验模态分解(Empirical Mode Decomposition,EMD)的方法将直升机声信号进行分解,得到一系列本征模态分量(Instrinsic Mode Function,IMF)。计算实际直升机声信号及由其分解得到的每个IMF分量的四阶累积量对角切片谱,并由此得到实际信号及每个IMF分量的四阶累积量对角切片谱的幅度绝对值之和E。计算每一个IMF的E值与实际信号E值的比值构成直升机声信号特征矢量。采用神经网络分类器,对两种不同机型的直升机声信号进行分类和识别。仿真实验验证了该方法是可行的、有效的,分类识别取得了较好的效果。 相似文献
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《船舶与海洋工程学报》2016,(2)
Separation of the components of rigid acoustic scattering by underwater objects is essential in obtaining the structural characteristics of such objects. To overcome the problem of rigid structures appearing to have the same spectral structure in the time domain, time-frequency Blind Source Separation(BSS) can be used in combination with image morphology to separate the rigid scattering components of different objects. Based on a highlight model, the separation of the rigid scattering structure of objects with time-frequency distribution is deduced. Using a morphological filter, different characteristics in a Wigner-Ville Distribution(WVD) observed for single auto term and cross terms can be simplified to remove any cross-term interference. By selecting time and frequency points of the auto terms signal, the accuracy of BSS can be improved. A simulation experimental has been used to analyze the feasibility of the new method, with changing the pulse width of the transmitted signal, the relative amplitude and the time delay parameter. And simulation results show that the new method can not only separate rigid scattering components, but can also separate the components when elastic scattering and rigid scattering exist at the same time. Experimental results confirm that the new method can be used in separating the rigid scattering structure of underwater objects. 相似文献
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声诱饵是水声对抗中的重要武器,其对抗性能受接收信号质量的影响,而电子舱的散射声场是引起接收信号畸变的因素之一。为此,本文利用有限元软件COMSOL Multiphysics计算诱饵电子舱的散射声场,通过频域间接法获取有/无电子舱时的接收信号,利用相关分析法获取两信号之间的相关系数,进而评估接收信号受电子舱影响的畸变程度。仿真结果表明,接收信号质量和散射声压呈负相关,接收点远离电子舱、置于电子舱圆头正前方以及采用具有吸收特性的材料可以有效地提高接收信号的质量,在工程应用中具有指导意义。 相似文献
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矢量声压振速联合处理是建立在信号的声压和质点振速相位基础上,海洋环境边界对声传播的影响将改变矢量声场声压和质点振速的幅度和相位特性。文章根据南海环境条件和水下目标辐射噪声测量采用矢量简正波理论估算海面非相干偶极子噪声源和水下点声源矢量场的幅度和相位随深度的变化,并对矢量水听器测量系统获取的南海典型深度上的背景噪声数据进行了分析。结果表明:深海背景噪声声压谱级在500 Hz以下基本上不随深度变化,在500 Hz-3 kHz频段浅深度背景噪声声压谱级略高于较深深度的背景噪声声压谱级;背景噪声的垂直质点振速谱级要小于声压和水平质点振速谱级。 相似文献
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《船舶与海洋工程学报》2020,(1)
To detect weak underwater acoustic signals radiated by submarines and other underwater equipment, an effective line spectrum enhancement algorithm based on Kalman filter and FFT processing is proposed. The proposed algorithm first determines the frequency components of the weak underwater signal and then filters the signal to enhance the line spectrum, thereby improving the signal-to-noise ratio(SNR). This paper discussed two cases: one is a simulated signal consisting of a dual-frequency sinusoidal periodic signal and Gaussian white noise, and the signal is received after passing through a Rayleigh fading channel;the other is a ship signal recorded from the South China Sea. The results show that the line spectrum of the underwater acoustic signal could be effectively enhanced in both cases, and the filtered waveform is smoother. The analysis of simulated signals and ship signal reflects the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm. 相似文献