简支梁损伤定位的直接指标法应用

结构损伤诊断主要内容是对各种工程结构进行检测并对检测结果做适当的分析,从而确定结构的健康状况。损伤诊断要解决的关键问题之一是判断结构损伤的位置。结构损伤会对结构的物理特性如刚度,质量,阻尼等产生影响,从而使结构的模态参数如固有频率、振型等发生改变。研究结果表明应变相比固有频率和振型对局部损伤更加敏感。基于应变模态差分原理的损伤定位直接指标法ISMSD(Strain Mode Shape Difference)具有无需原始模态数据的优点。本文通过有限元方法计算得到非贯穿裂纹梁的位移模态,进而计算得到应变模态。再对经过三次样条插值的光滑应变模态差分曲线进行直接损伤指标值计算。对假定两处损伤的简支梁在几种不同损伤程度状况下进行数值仿真计算,直接根据直接指标值的大小正确地判定了损伤位置,尤其是损伤量较小时。     

多元结构损伤识别的曲率模态分析及数值仿真

应用改进的曲率模态分析方法对具有多处结构损伤的简支梁结构进行了损伤识别,通过数值计算得到了简支梁的曲率模态,由此结果可以确定出损伤单元及位置.由于曲率模态法对结构损伤的识别不敏感,所以文中提出了曲率模态差这一新的概念,思想是通过对曲率模态差的突变研究来判定损伤结构中损伤单元的位置.通过算例分析,其识别效果明显优于曲率模态法.     

动测法测定单梁承载力研究

以某16m简支梁为工程依托,对梁的振动进行了理论分析,采用频域法模态测试方法对梁的模态进行测试。并对该简支梁进行了单梁静载试验,通过模态试验及单梁静载试验的对比研究提出动测法检测单梁承载力的方法。该研究对动测技术检测单梁承载力有一定的指导意义和参考价值。     

含裂纹梁自由振动分析

研究了含常开裂纹矩形截面梁的自由振动问题.通过一计及裂纹对梁局部柔度影响的无质量扭簧模拟裂纹所在截面,建立起与含裂纹梁等效的力学模型;基于完整梁自由振动方程的基本解,推导出含裂纹梁的传递矩阵;以简支梁和悬臂梁为例,结合具体的边界条件,导出它们相应的频率方程.基于泰勒展开,给出了求解该频率方程的一种迭代算法.该文的方法能够简便地计算含裂纹梁的固有频率.     

梁结构损伤诊断直接指标法应用

结构损伤识别主要是对各种工程结构进行检测并对检测结果做适当的分析,从而确定结构的健康状况。有研究表明应变模态比固有频率和振型对局部损伤更敏感,可以很好地进行结构损伤识别。结合有限元方法和直接指标法ISMSD(Strain Mode Shape Difference),无需原始模态数据,只根据损伤后的经三次样条插值的光滑应变模态差分曲线即可进行相关计算。文章应用该方法对假定损伤简支梁在多种不同损伤程度情况进行数值仿真计算,并给出损伤位置直接指标曲线。结果表明,该指标法能正确地判定损伤位置,尤其是损伤量较小时。     

船舶裂纹轴非线性振动特性仿真研究

为研究船舶裂纹推进轴的非线性振动特性,本文基于三维有限元单元法建立含有裂纹的船舶推进轴系有限元模型,并研究其模态特性及其单位阶跃非线性振动特性。计算结果表明,由于裂纹的存在,推进轴一阶模态频率将有所下降,并且振型发生较大的变化。在同样脉冲作用下,位移响应峰值将更大,裂纹轴振动频率将有所下降。     

光滑接触的双层复合圆筒中的周向导波

研究层间光滑接触条件下,双层复合圆筒中周向导波的传播.通过对双层复合圆筒周向导波的频散现象的研究,以及与同种材料的双层、单层圆筒周向导波特性的比较,发现周向导波在双层复合圆筒中传播时,会发生明显的频散现象和模态干涉现象,降低了材料的无量纲频率,并且其第一阶模态,在高频时接近于无频散Rayleigh面波.在其高阶模态上,层间效应被弱化,因此,应将层间界面裂纹无损检测的频率激发范围,集中于低阶模态频率上.研究发现,第二阶模态具有在层间界面上集中能量的特点,因此,可用于层间界面裂纹的周向导波无损检测技术中.     

应用移动质量法的结构损伤小波识别方法

为提高结构损伤识别的精度,充分发挥小波识别在特征提取、信号奇异性检测、信号降噪等方面的独特优势,提出采用移动质量多次检测法的结构损伤小波识别方法。该方法采用移动质量块在不同位置对桥梁进行多次测量,利用各次测量的频率值的变量来确定桥梁结构的其他模态参数,从而确定桥梁的局部单一和多处损伤情况。采用数值算例对该方法进行验证,结果显示,对简支梁的单一和多处损伤识别效果明显。     

基于连续小波变换的加筋板结构焊接裂纹检测(英文)

研究了如何使用连续小波变换工具来对加筋板结构的焊接裂纹进行检测.首先分析了裂纹对于板在焊缝位置的振动模态造成的影响,用有限元法求得含有不同长度焊接裂纹的加筋板结构的振动模态.然后对焊缝处板的振动模态信号进行连续小波变换,根据小波系数的极值判断裂纹位置和裂纹长度.研究结果表明,当裂纹很短时,其位置也可以很容易地被确定;而且当裂纹扩展到一定程度时,其长度也可以被检测出来.     

裂纹损伤对典型船体结构振动频率的影响规律研究

为研究裂纹损伤对典型船体结构振动特性的影响,选择加筋板作为典型船体结构,选择穿透性裂纹作为典型损伤形式。首先利用数值仿真和模型试验对带有裂纹的结构模型固有频率计算方法进行了研究,在此基础上针对边裂纹和中间裂纹2种形式进行了大量的仿真计算,得到模型各阶固有频率、频率变化率随裂纹位置和长度变化的规律。研究结果表明,结构各阶固有频率以及频率变化率对裂纹较为敏感,可以作为裂纹识别的特征参数。同时,试验和仿真计算结果数据也可以为裂纹损伤识别研究提供训练样本和验证样本。     

对几种损伤识别方法的噪声敏感性分析

以简支梁、三维框架结构、Benchmark框架模型、海洋平台结构为分析对象,选择柔度差值曲率法、模态应变能法、改进后的模态应变能法和交叉模型交叉模态方法（CMCM）等4种结构损伤定位指标,对分析对象的抗噪声干扰能力进行对比分析。分析结果表明,改进后的模态应变能法和CMCM方法对于结构损伤定位均有较好的抗噪性。     

Damage detection of offshore jacket structures using frequency domain selective measurements

The development of damage detection techniques for offshore jacket structures is vital to prevent catastrophic events. This paper applies a frequency response based method for the purpose of structural health monitoring. In efforts to fulfill this task, concept of the minimum rank perturbation theory has been utilized. The present article introduces a promising methodology to select frequency points effectively. To achieve this goal, modal strain energy ratio of each member was evaluated at different natural frequencies of structure in order to identify the sensitive frequency domain for damage detection. The proposed methodology opens up the possibility of much greater detection efficiency. In addition, the performance of the proposed method was evaluated in relation to multiple damages. The aforementioned points are illustrated using the numerical study of a two dimensional jacket platform, and the results proved to be satisfactory utilizing the proposed methodology.     

运行模态分析技术在船舶结构振动中的应用

运行模态分析是一种仅基于环境激励下结构的响应来提取模态参数的方法．通常假设环境激励为白噪声进行分析。实际上,船舶航行过程中所受激励十分复杂,除受海浪等随机激励外,还受到来自螺旋桨、主机等确定的单频激励。因此航行中的船舶所受激励应假设为白噪声和确定频率的激励同时存在。讨论运行模态分析方法在船舶结构中应用的可行性;在白噪声激励假设下,提出使用自互谱密度法来进行结构模态参数识别,并用简支梁实验对上述方法进行验证。最后将该方法运用于对某船航行中桅杆的振动响应数据进行分析和讨论。     

大型复杂齿轮箱底架模态分析方法

本文探讨针对某复杂齿轮箱底架结构的一种模态分析方法。该齿轮箱底架尺寸较大,质量与刚度分布情况复杂。试验模态分析所需的试验条件要求高,对于力锤的选择和传感器的数量都有较高的要求。此外在有限元模态分析中会存在模态密集、模态向量繁杂、模态振型云图无法提取等问题。该齿轮箱底架结构特殊,近似案例很少,因而鲜有相关的计算参考。本文主要提出以扫频分析为理论基础,辅以虚拟梁的一种近似方法来求出该复杂大型结构的固有频率与振型。其计算结果较直接模态分析更能体现结构在工作状态下的模态情况,亦能对设备工作频率的选取以及结构刚度优化提供有益的帮助。     

利用一种改进的模态应变能法诊断海洋平台结构的损伤（英文）

The development of robust damage detection methods for offshore structures is crucial to prevent catastrophes caused by structural failures. In this research, we developed an Improved Modal Strain Energy(IMSE) method for detecting damage in offshore platform structures based on a traditional modal strain energy method(the Stubbs index method). The most significant difference from the Stubbs index method was the application of modal frequencies. The goal was to improve the robustness of the traditional method. To demonstrate the effectiveness and practicality of the proposed IMSE method, both numerical and experimental studies were conducted for different damage scenarios using a jacket platform structure. The results demonstrated the effectiveness of the IMSE method in damage location when only limited, spatially incomplete, and noise-polluted modal data is available. Comparative studies showed that the IMSE index outperformed the Stubbs index and exhibited stronger robustness, confirming the superiority of the proposed approach.     

An improved modal strain energy method for damage detection in offshore platform structures

The development of robust damage detection methods for offshore structures is crucial to prevent catastrophes caused by structural failures. In this research, we developed an Improved Modal Strain Energy (IMSE) method for detecting damage in offshore platform structures based on a traditional modal strain energy method (the Stubbs index method). The most significant difference from the Stubbs index method was the application of modal frequencies. The goal was to improve the robustness of the traditional method. To demonstrate the effectiveness and practicality of the proposed IMSE method, both numerical and experimental studies were conducted for different damage scenarios using a jacket platform structure. The results demonstrated the effectiveness of the IMSE method in damage location when only limited, spatially incomplete, and noise-polluted modal data is available. Comparative studies showed that the IMSE index outperformed the Stubbs index and exhibited stronger robustness, confirming the superiority of the proposed approach.     

环境激励下自升式海洋平台损伤诊断

为探究适用于海洋平台结构的有效损伤诊断方法,针对某自升式平台的比例模型开展环境激励下损伤诊断试验研究。分别采用频域法中的增强频域分解法和时域法中的随机子空间法处理测试数据,提取前三阶的固有频率、振型和阻尼比等模态参数,并结合频率和振型识别结果计算节点柔度矩阵。通过分析平台模型模态参数和节点柔度矩阵的变化率,识别预先设置的结构损伤。试验结果表明,两种模态识别方法均能有效识别环境激励下的平台模型模态参数,其中利用固有频率变化率能够有效判断结构是否产生损伤,利用振型和柔度矩阵的变化率能够实现损伤的准确定位。     

Numerical simulation of fatigue crack propagation under superimposed stress histories containing different frequency components with several mean stress conditions

Fatigue crack propagation behavior under superimposed stress histories containing different frequency components with several mean stress conditions was investigated. Numerical simulation of fatigue crack propagation based on an advanced fracture mechanics approach using the RPG (Re-tensile Plastic zone Generating) stress criterion for fatigue crack propagation was improved to extract the effective part from the applied stress history for fatigue crack propagation. The parameter, which is based on the plastic hysteresis energy consumed in the vicinity of a crack tip, was applied and implemented into the numerical simulation code of fatigue crack propagation. Fatigue crack propagation tests under various superimposed stress conditions with several mean stress conditions were performed and compared with the fatigue crack propagation histories obtained from the improved numerical simulations. These comparisons show the validity of the proposed procedure for extracting the effective stress history from the superimposed stress histories with different frequency components and mean stresses. Additionally, practical fatigue strength evaluations based on the linear cumulative fatigue damage parameter were conducted to investigate the tendency of the fatigue damage value under these stress conditions.