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在公路隧道施工中进行监控量测,是保证隧道施工安全的重要手段之一,而隧道无损检测是施工监控量测的重要补充,可为施工方案的调整提供有力支持。基于此,对隧道施工监控量测的基本内容进行分析,包括洞内外观察、地表沉降、周边收敛及拱顶下沉监控量测,超前地质预报,以及锚杆锚固质量无损检测,并分析这些监控量测技术的检测原理及方法,旨在为同行提供一定的参考。 相似文献
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弹性波层析扫描(CT)检测技术在混凝土结构缺陷检测时,有着较为明显的优势。在我国的地质勘探领域内,弹性波层析扫描(CT)检测技术已经成熟,并得到广泛应用。将该技术使用到桥梁工程项目的 0#块的混凝土结构质量检测,可以快速发现内部缺陷问题,提高检测的精度和水平,为后续加固和维修提供帮助与支持。为提高桥梁检测的精度和水平,通过分析弹性波层析扫描(CT)检测技术的原理,结合工程实践,了解到0#块混凝土内部无损检测的优势,并且在同类型工程中合理推广应用。 相似文献
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高边坡的现场监测是一个系统工程,文章以西攀高速公路为例,结合高边坡施工期监测锚杆的应力状态和受力原因,建立锚杆应力测值统计模型,分析了开挖、温度、时效变形这三种因素对锚杆应力影响的规律,并对锚固效果和边坡稳定性进行了评价。 相似文献
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为了提高公路桥梁桩基检测的质量,从无损检测技术应用的重要性出发,分析公路桥梁桩基检测的主要病害问题及常用的无损检测技术,并探讨优化无损检测技术在公路桥梁桩基检测中应用效果的策略,以期为同类型桩基检测工作提供参考。 相似文献
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Ingmar Andrasson 《先进运输杂志》1998,32(1):23-34
A survey of research and development in advanced transit has been made by Chalmers University of Technology in Gothenburg in cooperation with Trans21 in Boston. Summary findings are reported for fourteen academic research programs and ten development programs for PRT. An earlier version of this paper was presented at the International Conference of PRT and other Emerging Systems held in Minneapolis in 1996. 相似文献
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管道风险分析指数评分法中重要步骤之一就是确定影响管道事故因素的权重,各个管道风险因素在整个管道事故中所占的权重是不相同的。针对目前管道风险分析指数评分法基本假设之一(各因素的分值范围都是0~100分),为了更加客观、准确、合理地反映各个风险因素对于管道事故的影响程度,提出并论述了依据层次分析法的数学逻辑性进行综合计算得出管道风险因素的权重,然后对评分法中各个因素的最高分值,根据其权重不同进行相应调整,从而增强评价者对风险因素的认识和评判能力,提高管道风险评价结果的准确性。 相似文献
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The concept of accessibility has acquired numerous meanings along multiple dimensions during the century of its evolution. This essay argues for the salience of two dimensions: application-based and definition-based. In its application, accessibility has incorporated positive and normative dimensions which have varied in prominence over time. In its definition, accessibility has varied between a mode of evaluation incorporating measured mobility and proximity, on the one hand, and a predefined market basket of urbanist improvements to transportation and land use systems, on the other. Advocates of the accessibility shift should emphasize both the measured approach to accessibility and accessibility’s normative side. 相似文献
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The big paradigm for cities nowadays is to study the movement of pedestrians at the interface between metro and bus systems – metro–bus interchanges. When these interchanges are not well designed, walking is inefficient and can be unsafe for pedestrians. This paper analyses, by means of a pedestrian microsimulation model, metro–bus interchange spaces in order to propose planning guidelines for the city of Santiago de Chile. Specific objectives are (1) to identify the variables that provide efficiency and safety in those spaces; (2) to simulate different scenarios using the pedestrian simulation model LEGION; (3) to propose planning and design guidelines for pedestrian spaces at metro–bus interchanges; and (4) to contrast the recommendations in the recently opened terminal station on Line 1 of Metro de Santiago: Los Dominicos Station. 相似文献
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Nicholas B. Taylor 《运输规划与技术》2018,41(1):37-57
ABSTRACTPredicting the risk of traffic demands and delays exceeding critical limits at road junctions, airports, hospitals, etc., requires knowing how both mean and variance of queue size vary over time. Microscopic simulation can explore variability but is computationally demanding and gives only sample results. A computationally efficient approximation to the mean is used in many modelling tools, but only empirical extensions for variance in particular situations have been available. The paper derives theoretical formulae for time-dependent and equilibrium variance, believed to be novel and to apply generally to queues covered by the Pollaczek–Khinchin mean formula, and offering possible structural insights. These are applied in an extended approximation giving mutually consistent mean and variance estimates with improved accuracy. Tests on oversaturated peak demand cases are compared with Markov probabilistic simulation, demonstrating accuracy (R2?>?0.99) for typical random, priority-like (M/M/1) and traffic-signal-like (M/D/1) queues. Implications for risk analysis, planning and policy are considered. 相似文献
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在公路沥青混凝土路面配合比设计中,矿料配合比设计是一个重要环节。研究发现,通过使用计算机和Excel软件,在各种表格的单元格中设置相应计算公式、宏和绘图步骤,输入各种配合矿料的累计通过百分率后,通过简单的人机对话,完成各种矿料百分含量数据的输入和调整,自动生成各种图表;在质量监督中,通过现场检测混合矿料的级配,输入现场矿料、水泥混合累计通过百分率可自动判定其级配是否合格。 相似文献