AN EFFICIENT BTC IMAGE COMPRESSION ALGORITHM

IntroductionBlock truncation coding( BTC) [1] is a simple andfast lossy image coding technique,which has theadvantage of being easy to implement comparedto transform coding and vector quantization[2 ] .Its simplicity,performance and channel error re-sisting capability make it attractive in the real-time image transmission.BTC is a one- bit adap-tive moment- preserving quantizer that preservescertain statistical moments of small blocks of theinput image in the quantized output.The origi-nal …     

融合边缘检测与区域生长的交通图像分割方法

在交通监控中,如何从复杂的背景中分割运动物体是至关重要的一步,针对车辆的运动阴影对图像分割产生的不利影响,提出了一种新的融合边缘检测与区域生长的彩色图像分割算法,算法同时考虑了图像的彩色信息和空间信息.该算法首先对彩色图像边缘检测,并根据检测结果设置种子像素;再基于颜色相似性生长准则,结合边缘检测结果,对每个种子点进行区域生长;最后,利用区域合并算法对剩余的像素进行合并.实验结果表明该算法很大程度上克服了阴影给图像分割带来的不利影响.     

提升高精度图像弱目标视觉质量的高效压缩算法

为了实现对高精度图像进行高效压缩,同时确保重建图像的弱目标区域有较好的保真效果,提出了一种提升弱目标区域质量的基于误差优化编码的高精度图像压缩算法. 首先,使用JPEG-LS （joint photographic experts group lossless）压缩算法对图像数据进行压缩,在游程编码过程中自适应地选择需要二次编码的误差数据,并完成了基于视觉质量的非均匀量化;其次,对量化值进行数据分解,去除量化值之间的相关性,并对分解后的数据进行MQ算术编码的熵编码;图像重建时根据量化间隔重建反量化值,并设计了反量化优化和滤波优化过程;最后,将本文算法与JPEG-LS、JPEG2000 （joint photographic experts group 2000）算法进行了性能比较,结果表明:本算法能够实现高精度图像数据的高效压缩,且复杂度低,易于硬件实现,虽然引入了误差数据二次优化编码等过程,但增加编码的数据量较小,故与JPEG-LS算法的压缩速度相当,然而比JPEG2000算法的压缩速度提升4.47倍;同时有效减少了常规算法造成的信息损失,重建图像的峰值信噪比与JPEG-LS、JPEG2000相当或略低,但弱目标区域的视觉质量及保真效果更好.      

基于量子遗传优化算法的图像稀疏分解

为了减少图像稀疏分解的计算量,提出了一种基于量子遗传算法与匹配追踪相结合的图像稀疏分解快速算法.量子遗传算法能用较小的种群规模实现较大的空间搜索,全局寻优能力强,基于匹配追踪的图像稀疏分解是最优化问题,因此可用量子遗传算法快速实现.仿真结果表明,每步分解所需计算的图像或图像残差与原子的内积仅4 000次,由分解结果重建的图像具有较好的主观质量.     

一种对称小波重构算法及其在突变信号检测中的应用

分析了在奇异信号检测等问题中，使用Mallat算法对信号小波系数做单支重构波形存在失真的原因．通过调整Mallat算法的运算流程，得到了小波变换的一种基于共轭正交滤波器组的重构算法．理论分析与仿真试验结果表明，文中算法使上述失真现象得到了改善，同时具有正交性、对称性和有限支撑性等优良性质，可用于对信号作精确的分析。     

具有可变超松弛因子的OSEM在PET重建中的应用

基于最大似然期望法(ML-EM)重建的图像质量好,但因其收敛速度太慢,而难以直接应用于临床.有序子集最大期望法(OSEM)具有较高的重建图像质量和较短的计算时间,超松弛因子(OR)有可灵活调节超松弛因子和加速收敛两种功效.文中将OSEM和OR有机地结合起来用于PET图像重建,形成可变超松弛因子的OSEM重建算法(OR-OSEM).该方法综合了上述两种算法的优点,具有可根据需要灵活改变子集数和超松弛因子的功能.计算机仿真模拟和临床PET投影数据的重建结果表明了该方法的有效性.     

Improved Anchored Neighborhood Regression Enhancement for Face Recognition

Although progress in face recognition is encouraging, the accuracy rate of face recognition remains to be increased. Since the face image quality has a positive influence on face recognition accuracy, the image enhancement methods are popular in face recognition. Most current image enhancement methods aim at improving visual appearance, but cannot improve recognition accuracy remarkably. In this paper, a feature evaluation operator is designed to overcome this problem. The operator selects patches with the best quality, and then face image is reconstructed with the selected patches. The proposed algorithm is tested on two different face recognition applications. Accuracy is raised after enhancement, and the result proves that the proposed algorithm is effective.     

极线约束下的多分辨率相关匹配算法

针对计算机视觉在几何测量应用中图像匹配特点,提出了将多分辨率和极线约束与相关法相结合的图像匹配方法。该方法采用金字塔分层和极线约束来弥补相关匹配带来运算量大的不足,克服了图像匹配中精度低的缺点。通过计算机视觉在几何测量检测系统中图像匹配的实际应用,验证了该算法具有较高的测量精度、速度及其实用性。     

运动车辆检测的APG-TR算法

为了提高智能交通系统中运动车辆检测的准确率,提出了一种基于张量恢复的APG-TR算法。采用张量表征交通视频图像,保持视频图像高维结构特征。通过张量恢复,重建出张量的低秩部分与稀疏部分,实现交通视频图像中交通背景与运动目标车辆的分离与交通视频内在特征的提取。利用交通监控系统采集到的交通视频106帧图像对本文算法进行了测试。测试结果表明:在晴天条件下,APG-TR算法的平均正确率为91.4%,在雨、雾天气条件下,正确率分别为86.4%、85.2%,相比帧差法更加稳定与准确。APG-TR算法具有良好的收敛速度与鲁棒性,在智能交通领域中具有广泛的应用前景。     

A FAST ALGORITHM FOR EXTREME FILTER OF 2D IMAGE

ＡＦＡＳＴＡＬＧＯＲＩＴＨＭＦＯＲＥＸＴＲＥＭＥＦＩＬＴＥＲＯＦ２ＤＩＭＡＧＥＸｕＬｅｉ（许磊）ＬｉＪｉｅｇｕ（李介谷）ＬｉＷｅｎｓｈｕｎ（李文舜）（ＩｎｓｔｉｔｕｔｅｏｆＰａｔｅｒｎＲｅｃｏｇｎｉｔｉｏｎ＆ＩｍａｇｅＰｒｏｃｅｓｓｉｎｇ，Ｓｈａｎｇ...     

流域分割算法在细胞图像分割中的应用

为克服细胞涂片检测癌症过程中细胞交叠造成图像分析的困难，需将实际细胞图像中交叠在一起的细胞群分离为单个细胞。为此，提出一种基于流域分割算法的二值细胞图像分析方法。首先，用迭代腐蚀方法产生距离图，以从交叠的细胞图像中检测出种子数。然后，将极限腐蚀的集合作为分离交叠细胞图象的种子。最后，以种子区域为基础生长图像，直到除凸集的边界外，原图的像素都被重新吸收。叙述了该算法的设计思想和实现，并给出了实验结果。     

基于邻域相关的自适应中值滤波算法

为改善图像效果,在对现有的椒盐噪声自适应中值滤波算法分析的基础上,提出了基于邻域相关的自适应中值偏移滤波算法。算法对自适应中值滤波算法的处理过程进行改进。当滤波窗口大于设定的最大值时,根据像素点邻域内的像素点灰度值分布在不同的区间,将像素点灰度值的复原分为偏大或偏小两种情况。受污染像素点的滤波输出值为偏移的中值,偏移的距离根据改进的自适应中值滤波算法运行时滤波窗口的大小来决定。从仿真结果可见:该算法滤波后的图像具有较高的峰值信噪比,对图像细节的保留能力和抑制椒盐噪声的能力都有一定的提高。     

基于平均明暗熵差的人脸增强算法

针对人类视觉对图像亮度的响应特征,提出了一种使用粒子群优化方法对图像灰度的非线性转换函数参数进行优化,用以使图像的平均明暗信息熵之差的绝对值最小,从而使图像的明暗灰度分布更加均匀的人脸增强算法.实验结果表明,该方法在增强图像的基础上能有效地提高图像在高灰度区域的视觉效果,对图像在高灰度区对比度有所损失的现象进行弥补,同时也能有效地提高整幅图像的视觉层次.     

IMAGE SEGMENTATION BASED ON MARKOV RANDOM FIELD AND WATERSHED TECHNIQUES

IntroductionThere are many methods to perform imagesegmentation and edge detection tasks that incor-porate region- growing and edge detection tech-niques,for example,it is applying edge detectiontechniques to obtain Difference In Strength( DIS)map then employ region growing techniques towork on the map as in Refs.[1 ,2 ]. In the others,combining both special and intensity information inimage segmentation approach based on multi- reso-lution edge detection,region selection and intensi-ty thre…     

Modified gray level difference-based thresholding segmentation and its application in X-Ray welding image

Thresholding is a popular image segmentation method that often requires as a preliminary and indispensable stage in the computer aided image process, particularly in the analysis of X-ray welding images. In this paper, a modified gray level difference-based transition region extraction and thresholding algorithm is presented for segmentation of the images that have been corrupted by intensity inhomogeneities or noise. Classical gray level difference algorithm is improved by selective output of the result of the maximum or the minimum of the gray level with the pixels in the surrounding, and multi-structuring of neighborhood window is used to represent the essence of transition region. The proposed algorithm could robustly measure the gray level changes, and accurately extract transition region of an image. Comparisons with other approaches demonstrate the superior performance of the proposed algorithm.     

FAST IMAGE ENCODING ALGORITHM BASED ON MEAN-MATCH CORRELATION VECTOR QUANTIZATION

Introduction　　 Vector quantization (VQ) is an importanttechnique for image compression,and has beenproven to be simple and efficient[1,2 ] .Signal com-pression is achieved in VQ by using a codebookwith relatively few codevectors compared to thenumber of possible signal vectors. VQ can beviewed as a mapping from k- dimensional Euclideanspace Rk into a finite subset C of Rk.We call thisfinite set C the codebook and,moreover,C={ci|i= 1 ,2 ,… ,N},where ci is a codeword and N is thecodeboo…     

路面破损图像自动处理技术研究进展

总结了路面破损图像自动处理技术的重要研究成果, 分析了该领域关键技术的研究进展, 包括路面破损检测系统、图像处理算法和识别算法评估; 比较了不同路面破损检测系统与目标自动识别算法的检测精度和适用性, 给出了路面破损图像自动处理技术未来可能的主要研究方向。研究结果表明: 在路面破损检测系统方面, 从早期基于摄影技术的图像采集到目前的3D激光扫描技术, 路面图像采集技术更加便捷和高效, 但破损图像自动分析和目标自动识别算法仍然存在挑战; 在路面破损图像处理算法方面, 传统的路面裂缝目标分割算法已由过去的基于单一特征(灰度、边缘形状等) 的检测方法演化到多特征融合检测方法和图优化检测方法, 还出现了一些精细化的裂缝目标连接与恢复算法, 大幅提高了裂缝检测精度, 但需要的计算资源和人工先验知识库也随之不断增大; 在路面裂缝处理算法评估和比较方面, 主要利用人工分割来评价自动识别结果, 目前迫切需要建立一个面向全球开放的大型路面破损图像数据库, 以客观、有效地评估现有各种路面破损图像处理算法; 基于2D图像特征分析的路面破损图像自动识别算法很难在识别精确性、算法通用性和实时性方面同时取得最佳效果; 近年来, 大量学者开始尝试借助深度学习神经网络自动识别路面破损, 但该技术仍处于活跃的演进过程中; 在提高路面破损自动识别精度和效率方面, 3D激光扫描技术和基于人工智能的深度学习技术的发展将对未来路面破损图像自动识别技术的最终突破产生重大推进作用。      

Image Segmentation Using an Improved Watershed Algorithm

IntroductionOne of the firstand mostimportantoperationsin image analysis and computervision is image seg-mentation.The aim of image segmentation is thedomain- independent partition of the image into aset of regions,which are visually distinct and uni-form…     

Development of a wireless capsule endoscope system based on field programmable gate array

A new modular and programmable wireless capsule endoscope is presented in this paper. The capsule system consumes low power and has small physical size. A new image compression algorithm is presented in this paper to reduce power consumption and silicon area. The compression algorithm includes color space transform, uniform quantization, sub-sampling, differential pulse code modulation (DPCM) and Golomb-Rice code. The algorithm is tested in a field programmable gate array (FPGA) development board, and the final result achieves 80% compression rate at 40 dB peak signal to noise ratio (PSNR). The algorithm has high image compression efficiency and low power consumption, compared to other existing works. The system is composed of the following three parts: image capsule endoscope, portable wireless receiver and host computer software. The software and hardware design of the three parts are disscussed in details.     

Exploiting Local and Global Characteristics for Contrast Based Visual Saliency Detection

Visual saliency is an important cue in human visual system to identify salient region in the image;it can be useful in many applications including image retrieval,object recognition,image segmentation,etc.Image contrast has been used as an effective feature to detect visual salient region.However,the conventional contrast measures either in spectral domain or in spatial domain fail to give sufficient consideration towards the local and global characteristics of the image.This paper presents a visual saliency detection algorithm based on a novel contrast measurement.This measurement extracts the spectral information of image block using the 2D discrete Fourier transform(DFT),and combines with the total variation(TV)of image block in spatial domain.The proposed algorithm is used to perform salient region detection in the image,and compared with state-of-the-art algorithms.The experimental results from the MSRA dataset validate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.