共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 62 毫秒
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在长距离输油管道运行中,防止水击发生是管道安全平稳运行的重要保证。水击泄压阀在长输成品油管道保护系统中起着十分重要的作用。详细介绍了DANFLO泄压阀的组成结构与工作原理、安装要求、投用操作步骤及注意事项,并根据DANFLO泄压阀运行中出现的故障,给出了相应处理方法。 相似文献
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浆体的物理特性与管道输送流速 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
浆体管道的输送流速直接影响管道运输的安全与经济。以往由于没有把浆体的物理特性(即固体颗粒组成及浆体粘性)作为一个影响管道输送参数的重要因素来考虑,所以迄今为止,很多管道不淤流速公式未能摆脱纯经验性质而缺乏普遍的实用意义。本文通过分析及大量试验资料验证,系统研究了影响管道不淤流速的各项因素及浆体粘性和明显作用,因而阐明了一定条件下浆体浓度的提高,有利于降低管道输送流速,从而可以进一步提高管道输送浆体 相似文献
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贵阳输油站水击泄压阀误动作原因分析及防范措施 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2
对贵阳输油站进出站水击泄压阀误动作原因进行分析。造成水击泄压阀误动作且不能及时复位的主要原因是:水联运和油水混合输送期间残留在先导阀和引压管内的水遇到低温(-2℃)天气结冰,从而引起先导阀误动作,导致水击泄压阀活塞被顶开且不能及时复位;石块进入水击泄压阀阀腔时被活塞卡住是另一个重要原因。针对上述原因,采取对水击泄压阀的先导阀进行排凝和对引压管加保温层的防范措施,并建议在水击泄压阀前加装过滤器,防止异物进入水击泄压阀内。 相似文献
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Pedestrians as compared to vehicular traffic enjoy a high degree freedom of movement even in heavily congested areas. Consequently, there are more alternative links available to pedestrians between a given origin‐destination (O‐D) pair. This paper describes a study done by the University of Calgary to evaluate the factors affecting the choice of route on intra‐CBD trips or trips within the Central Business District (CBD). An origin destination survey conducted in downtown Calgary, Alberta enabled the identification of the most significant factors influencing the choice. These factors were analyzed in relation to the physical characteristics of the location, personal characteristics of the trip maker and the type of the trip. It appears that most people chose the shortest link and factors such as the level of congestion, safety or visual attractions were only secondary. This suggests that the length should be made a major consideration when planning and designing pedestrian links. 相似文献
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This paper estimates the efficiencies and productivity changes of 12 international airports in the Asia-Pacific region based on data from 1998 to 2006. We apply stochastic frontier analysis (SFA) to compute efficiency estimates and use the Malmquist productivity index (MPI) to analyze productivity changes. We use the SFA model with a translog-type production function after testing the statistical hypotheses. According to the results of the SFA hypothesis tests, airports have experienced a technological regression; the deviations from the efficiency frontier are caused more by technical inefficiency than random noise. However, the inefficiency was found to decrease. The MPI reveals a declining trend resulting more from technological change than from efficiency change, with a decrease in inefficiency. Taken together, both the hypothesis tests and the MPI not only provide consistent conclusions, but also suggest that airports should concentrate on technological progress. 相似文献
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本文阐述了混合动力列车的技术特点及其相应优势与劣势,同时介绍了其在国内外的研究动向,并对其应用前景进行了展望。尽管该类新型铁道车辆的续航能力、电池寿命以及成本等相关问题目前仍有待改善,但以其对城市环境的美化作用与优越的舒适驾乘性能,以及高效节能、绿色环保的显著优势,依然不失为一类充满前景的新型轨道交通运输方式。 相似文献
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In India pedestrians usually cross the road at mid-block crosswalks due to ease of access to their destination or the development of adjacent land use types such as shopping, business areas, school and residential areas. The behaviour of pedestrian will change with respect to different land use type and this change in behaviour of pedestrian further reflects change in perceived level of service (LOS). So, it is important to evaluate the quality of service of such crossing facilities with respect to different land-use type under mixed traffic conditions. In this framework, pedestrian perceived LOS were collected with respect to different land-use type such as shopping, residential and business areas. The ordered probit (OP) model was developed by using NLOGIT software package, with number of vehicles encountered, road crossing difficulty as well as safety considered as primary factors along with pedestrian individual factors (gender and age), land-use type and roadway geometry. From the model results, it has been concluded that perceived safety, crossing difficulty, land-use condition, number of vehicles encountered, median width and number of lanes have significant effect on pedestrian perceived LOS at unprotected (un-signalized) mid-block crosswalks in mixed traffic scenario. The inferences of these results highlights the importance of land use planning in designing a new set of pedestrian access facilities for unprotected mid-block crosswalks under mixed traffic conditions. Also the study results would be useful for evaluating pedestrian accessibility taking into account different land-use type and planning required degree of segregation with vehicular movement at unprotected mid-block crosswalk locations. 相似文献
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明确埋地管道防腐保温层的技术评价标准,对埋地钢质管道的安全运行,延长管道使用寿命具有重要意义。为了对埋地管道防腐保温层做出有效评价,从间接检测与开挖检测2个方面,结合现场检测数据,提出了基于防腐保温层的电流衰减率、绝缘电阻率、质量状况与厚度的分级评价标准及基于4种评价指标的综合评判方法。工程实践表明,该评价标准对防腐保温层是否存在失效能做出有效判断。 相似文献
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采用随机场模型能够有效地模拟围岩参数的空间变异性。文章将局部平均随机场理论、有限差分法和Monte-Carlo模拟结合在一起,得到了Monte-Carlo随机有限差分法,基于该方法编制了可考虑围岩空间变异性的隧道结构可靠度计算程序;并将围岩密度、弹性模量和内摩擦角等参数视为三维正态随机场,研究了围岩的竖向与水平向相关距离的变化对隧道结构可靠度的影响。计算结果表明,围岩空间变异性会显著影响隧道结构的可靠度,为了获得更为经济合理的支护方案,在支护设计时考虑围岩参数的空间变异性很有必要;围岩竖向或水平向相关距离的增大均会引起隧道结构失效概率的增加,但影响程度不同;隧道结构失效概率对围岩竖向空间变异性更加敏感,故在工程勘察费用较少时,可考虑将勘察费用更多地投入到竖向相关距离的勘测,水平向相关距离可参考已有经验数据取值。 相似文献