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河流穿越管道冲管段涡激振动研究 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
河流穿越管道冲管段主要是在管道露出河床的基础上,由于冲刷现象使管底“淘空”而形成。在分析冲管段河流中的涡旋发放现象和频率锁定现象的基础上,描述了涡旋发放规律的涡旋发放频率、约化速度等基本参数,及诱发涡旋发放的举升力、拖曳力、惯性力及来流速度等激振力。由如要避免类似共振现象,就要加大管子固有频率和涡旋发放频率的数量级的差距,得出必须及时抢修冲管段的最大长度的计算公式。 相似文献
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穿越河流的长输油气管道受到水流一定的冲刷后,有可能导致管段的裸露甚至断裂。这不仅影响管道的安全运行,还将造成河流的严重污染,以往在确定油气管道穿越河流埋深的方法以及水工保护方式上存在的一些问题。为此,我们在科研的基础上,提出了一个比较可靠的洪水冲刷深度计算方法与公式及确定河道向变形的数值模型。同时,归纳总结出一些管道防冲常用的工程措施。此项工作的成果对管道工程的设计与管理部门具有一定的参考价值。 相似文献
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对于一些新建管道,在其未来的腐蚀情况不可预知的情况下,应主要对其进行疲劳剩余寿命预测。疲劳断裂是一种很危险的脆断破坏形式,它出现的时间和位置很难预计。文中从疲劳方面,在考虑了材料特性、环境介质和加载状态的前提下,对穿越河流输油管道的疲劳剩余寿命进行分析。同时,对一段在役穿越河流输油管道的疲劳和腐蚀剩余寿命分别进行计算、比较,取其较小值,确定其剩余寿命。提供了更及时、准确地报告穿越管道的剩余寿命,合理地制定维修、检测周期的依据,使在役穿越管道的管理、检测更加科学。 相似文献
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Pedestrians as compared to vehicular traffic enjoy a high degree freedom of movement even in heavily congested areas. Consequently, there are more alternative links available to pedestrians between a given origin‐destination (O‐D) pair. This paper describes a study done by the University of Calgary to evaluate the factors affecting the choice of route on intra‐CBD trips or trips within the Central Business District (CBD). An origin destination survey conducted in downtown Calgary, Alberta enabled the identification of the most significant factors influencing the choice. These factors were analyzed in relation to the physical characteristics of the location, personal characteristics of the trip maker and the type of the trip. It appears that most people chose the shortest link and factors such as the level of congestion, safety or visual attractions were only secondary. This suggests that the length should be made a major consideration when planning and designing pedestrian links. 相似文献
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《Transportation Research Part A: General》1991,25(6):407-418
The main deficiency of most current modeling approaches to transportation can be identified as neglect of the integration of existing geographical knowledge in regard to the ex ante transport/land use modeling approaches, with its focus on territorial dynamics and theory development. This paper addresses this aspect of the problem by introducing a theoretical and methodological framework for the analysis of the interrelationship between land uses. The analysis attempts to determine to what extent the functional land use in a city can be considered an ordered pattern. The order sought does not rely on purely spatial configurations, but on the correlation of transportation and land use. The first section of this paper focuses on theoretical considerations. It stresses the fact that conventional approaches do not apply in the present context. It then suggests an alternative based on areas of influence and measured in terms of level of attractance of land uses. The second describes a procedure based on this alternative following the remarkable contribution of Hanjoul, Beguin and Thill. An application of this procedure to the analysis of Shanghai is then examined. Finally, an evaluation of the strategies for optimizing the interrelationship between land uses is presented. The paper concludes with a possible research agenda. 相似文献
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明确埋地管道防腐保温层的技术评价标准,对埋地钢质管道的安全运行,延长管道使用寿命具有重要意义。为了对埋地管道防腐保温层做出有效评价,从间接检测与开挖检测2个方面,结合现场检测数据,提出了基于防腐保温层的电流衰减率、绝缘电阻率、质量状况与厚度的分级评价标准及基于4种评价指标的综合评判方法。工程实践表明,该评价标准对防腐保温层是否存在失效能做出有效判断。 相似文献
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介绍了城市轨道交通工程中杂散电流不同的监测系统的构成,分析了集中式、分散式和智能型等监测系统的配置和功能,以及智能型实时在线监测系统的重要意义,为轨道交通工程杂散电流监测系统的选择与应用提供参考。 相似文献
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天然气自动计量系统有多种组态软件,由于软件的不相通性,造成了计量系统数据采集的通用性差、数据传输与入库的时效性差、数据利用的可靠性低.结合各组态软件的实际情况,从设计上充分利用Oracle大数据处理能力以及Partition(分区表)的特性,实现历史数据的存储,应用WebService与COM+数据访问组件提供多层数据访问架构,采用OPC与DDE工业数据交换协议,实现了各站场计量数据的实时上传,为连续数据采集和实时监控提供了可能,节约了改造成本. 相似文献
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Joseph N. Prashker 《Transportation》1979,8(4):329-346
Reliability of travel modes was found to be the most important characteristic of transportation systems in several attitudinal investigations of individual travel behavior. This paper represents the first part of a research effort aimed at gaining a better understanding of the characteristics of reliability of transportation modes in urban travel. In this research, reliability characteristics are identified; their importance relative to each other is assessed, and an insight into possible structure of an objective reliability index is discussed. The research is based on perceived values of reliability, which were identified through a large attitudinal survey conducted in the Chicago metropolitan area. 相似文献
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