Assessment of port economic impacts on regional economy with a case study on the Port of Lisbon

This article presents a method of assessing the economic impacts of ports at both regional level and national level, through application of input–output analysis. To this end, a methodology for data collection is proposed, which combines a top-down with a bottom-up approach which should help in surpassing some of the difficulties commonly faced in port economic impact studies. The presented methodology allows port planners and policymakers to assess the economic significance and geographic reach of port investments. This study considers the economic impacts of the port cluster and the socio-economic significance of port user industries. The several layers of the analysis are kept separate to allow a better grasp of direct and indirect impacts. The proposed methodology is demonstrated in a study of the Port of Lisbon, which confirms the significance of this port to the Portuguese economy, and also demonstrates that the influence of the Port of Lisbon is mostly limited to an area in close proximity to the port. Therefore, results suggest that investments for the development of logistic infrastructures associated with the port should concentrate in the immediate hinterland of the port.     

临港物流园区的发展及对区域经济的贡献

临港物流园区具有城市物流功能区和经济功能区的双重特点,在物流业自身发展和区域经济发展中发挥集约互补、辐射带动、资源整合、结构调整、优化环境等重要作用。2003年4月,大连国际临港物流园区正式开园,它将促进大连经济更快、更好地发展,带动东北地区经济的振兴,对区域经济的发展作出应有的贡献。     

The Shetland fishing industry: its impact on local economic activity

This paper analyses the contribution of the fishing industry (catching and processing) to economic activity in the Shetland Islands. Using a Shetland input-output table, the economic characteristics of the industry itselfare discussed. The impact of fishing activities on other local sectors is measured in terms of output, income and employment. Appropriate fisheries multipliers are derived. Changes in fisheries impact over the period 1971-76 are analysed. Finally, a number of scenarios relating to hypothetical changes in fishing activity are examined.     

The changing structure of the UK port industry and its impact on stevedoring costs

This paper examines the impact the changing maritime technology has had on the structure and development of the UK port transport industry. In particular, it describes the major institutional changes that have occured in response to technological and other developments and the influence these have had on the cost structure of individual stevedoring operators. Finally, it describes the resultant pricing policies adopted by stevedores and concludes that these have been exacerbated by the failure of successive governments to adopt sound and consistent policies towards the industry.     

The impact of port choice on inland transportation

The Belgian government intends to shift part of its funding away from Antwerp and towards other seaports, particularly Ghent and Zeebrugge. In the long run, this policy change will undoubtedly influence the port choice and probably cause a traffic diversion at the expense of Antwerp. This will have a great influence on the structure of inland transportation.

The impact of port choice on inland transportation is the central theme of this paper. To this end a disaggregated model of the demand for freight transport is constructed.     

A well-functioning port is a stimulus for economy

Until just a few years ago, ports in Europe had a rather wishy-washy image. In the eyes of both the public and politicians, ports were a necessary fact of life.     

燃油费税新政对港口业影响几何

2009年1月1日启动实施的成品油价格和燃油税费改革,已经使得国内众多以集装箱、散货、液化品货运以及水上、公路客运为主营的运输与物流企业,开始分享到燃油费税新政带来的利好.     

Regulating the regulator: The impact of professional procuring bodies on local public transport policy and its effectiveness

During the past 15 years competitive tenders have become a common procedure when procuring local bus services in Europe. In particular, tenders with gross cost contracts and the so-called Scandinavian model have gained popularity, resulting in a vast amount of research on optimal contractual relationships between government and operators. This paper pays attention to a rather neglected part of the Scandinavian model: the construction of professional procuring bodies and their relationship to the local public administration, focusing on its implications for policy steering and service performance.The paper outlines briefly two different perspectives of analyses of organisational models: one perspective is anchored in principal-agent theory and institutional economics; and the other perspective in political science. Empirically, the article is based on an evaluation of the relation between two Norwegian counties and the administrative company responsible for planning and procuring public transport services. This evaluation indicates, firstly, important common challenges for the county administration due to lack of regional administrative competencies in relation to the administrative company, which also hampers the county’s role as coordinator of policy areas of importance for public transport. Secondly, due to increased transaction costs, the establishment of administrative companies does not seem compatible with contracts relying on net cost solutions with huge scope for operator initiatives.     

The impact of oil supply bases on the economy of Shetland

In this paper the effects on the economic output, income and employment relating to Shetland are considered using an input—output model. The results are presented on the basis of an individual industry and appropriate multipliers are derived.     

Hinterland strategies of port authorities: A case study of the port of Barcelona

Port authorities generally focus on the development of the local port area and play a minor role in the development of port hinterlands, whereas shippers, forwarders, barge and rail operators have always been involved in the port-hinterland connection. The increasing importance of intermodal hinterland networks for the competitive position of ports has urged port authorities to become active in the hinterland. This new role has already been suggested by different academics. However, limited empirical evidence exists of port authorities taking stakes in inland terminals or developing transport services. Barcelona, as one of the leading port authorities in this respect, is used as a case study in this paper. The case study provides insight in the components and execution of the hinterland strategy of Barcelona. It shows that the strategy of the port authority of Barcelona and the consequent active involvement in the hinterland has had a significant impact on attracting container volumes from distant hinterlands and improving the accessibility of the port.     

港口物流与淮安市经济发展关系研究

为加快淮安港口物流发展,阐述港口物流与经济发展的研宄背景,宏观分析淮安港口物流与淮安社会经济的关系,利用关联度模型分析具体联系,认为工业与建筑业2项城市经济指标对港口货物吞吐量影响较大,提出对策：（1）大力发展集装箱运输,提升港口运输能力;（2）引进合作伙伴,建立港口物流战略联盟;（3）尽快整合港口资源;（4）尽快建立公共物流信息平台.     

Cruise ship market segmentation: a 'non-traditional' port case study

Market segmentation in the cruise ship industry is an essential tool for securing a favourable market share. A case study of a mid-sized vessel operating from a 'non-traditional' port provides insights of the demographic and socio-economic characteristics of a cruise population. The questionnaire also supports the logic for a strong local/regional marketing effort and validates the rationale for the provision of a cruise service from a 'non-traditional' port.     

循环经济在港口环境保护工作中的拓展

从"循环经济"理念的拓展入手,分析了港口项目环保工作中涉及"循环经济"的不同层次,提出了港口环境保护工作中"循环经济"的具体落实措施;结合"天津港吹填淤泥造陆实践"等实例,探讨了如何充分发展"循环经济"对港口环境保护工作的促进作用,并对"循环经济"与"港口环境保护"的结合点进行了初步研究。     

The impact of compliance measures on the operation of a bus system: The case of Transantiago

In a regulated bus system operated by private companies, pecuniary incentives can be of primary importance to ensure the quality of the operation and the level of service, especially when there are only a few companies and basically no competition among them. The case of Transantiago, in the capital city of Chile, provides a good example of this. The very ambitious Transantiago project, implemented in 2007 in Santiago, integrated the bus and the subway systems, changing the route structure of the bus services, introducing a common and integrated fare system and electronic payment device, and tendering the operation of approximately 4,600 buses (which by the launch of the system in February 2007 had increased to 5600) to 10 private companies replacing some 4000 small operators which owned 8000 buses. In the beginning, the system faced huge difficulties. Operators' revenue formula basically consisted of a fixed payment, which changed slightly with the actual patronage. This quickly turned out to be a problem, and as technological support became available (several months after the launch), compliance measures were implemented, directly affecting the operators' revenue. The first measure considered the seat/standing places per hour of the buses in operation, for each company, and compared it to the theoretical figure. As a result, buses operating during peak hours increased from 4600 to 5600 in just two months. Subsequent indexes included service frequency and regularity, as well as effective bus-km, aggregated by company first and later by service. This paper shows how the successive implementation of these performance indexes had an impact on the operation of Transantiago in the first years, discusses the difficulties faced to implement them and highlights the importance of technological support to make possible the application of adequate compliance measures.     

The impact of port and trade security initiatives on maritime supply-chain management

The fundamental objective of the Container Security Initiative (CSI) is to engage both so-called 'mega-ports' (ports sending the highest volume of ocean going container traffic into the US) and the national governments where these ports are located in a way that will facilitate the pre-screening of outbound containers destined to the US. The emerging issue of security as a key factor in global supply chains can be perceived as inconsistent with the objective of facilitating international trade (Dulbecco and Laporte, 2003). However, this perception does not stand up to analysis. Security is an evident part of the mainstream supply-chain paradigm while security can also become a driver for trade facilitation. The purpose of this paper is therefore to discuss the impact of the US CSI on maritime supply chains. The first section will mostly be related to the issue of security and supply chains while the second section will investigate CSI and its impact while exploring some of the financing implications of the security initiative.     

美国经贸存在的问题对世界航运市场影响

美国打喷嚏世界其他地区跟着感冒 我们常说，美国打喷嚏，世界其他地区跟着感冒，确实如此。作为世界上最大的经济体，美国对全球集装箱贸易有着重大的影响。因此，可能会损害或者在相当程度上减缓美国以及北美自由贸易协定合作伙伴的经济活动水平的任何事情，都可能会严重影响那些从事集装箱运输业的国家和地区。     

高油价对世界和中国经济影响有多大

进入21世纪，国际石油市场出现了令人瞩目的转折性变化：不确定性、不稳定性和风险性因素增多。油市跌宕起伏，油价频频飚升，至今还未出现市场回稳和油价回落到相对合理价位的迹象和拐点。     

广东省沿海港口经济景气预警初探

在广东省沿海港口货物吞吐量变化与产业发展灰色关联分析的基础上,构建广东省沿海港口经济景气指标体系,并通过分析广东省沿海港口经济扩散指数变化曲线,对近年广东省沿海港口经济运行情况进行评价并预测其近期发展趋势.     

Candian port administraion: its future structre

The administration, management and development of ports in Canada is a Federal government responsibility. This centralist control of ports has been the subject of criticism by many for a variety of reasons, not the least of which is that it is not responsive enough to the affairs of the local level. This problem, along with others, has resulted in the introduction in the Canadian Parliament of proposed legislation over the past five years to alter port administration and development in Canada. The proposals culminated in the recent passage of the Canada Ports Corporation Act which, among other things, will see the abolition of the National Harbours Board. A review of the administrative structure the new Act replaces, along with a review and assessment of the Act itself and the proposed legislation which predated it, forms the basis of this paper. It will be seen that because of the new Act the centralist approach to port administration is maintained, but greater local autonomy and financial self-sufficiency will also be available to ports. However, the central administration will still have the problem of co-ordinating the development of Canadian ports, since ports will continue to be constituted under at least four different pieces of legislation.     

Illusion as a factor in determining policy in development of a port: the case of Haifa

The mayor and citizens of Haifa live under the illusion that their city port possesses geographical advantages over competitor-ports, an attitude which gives rise to great hopes for the city's prosperity, especially after the peace agreement with Egypt.

On the basis of this illusion, decisions are made that may have severe consequences for the development of the port and the city. The aim of this article is to demonstrate that the changes in the Middle East over the years have deprived Haifa of most of the geographical advantages it had, and so expose the illusion for what it is.