Vulnerability analysis of global container shipping liner network based on main channel disruption

The Malacca Strait, the Suez Canal and the Panama Canal play an important role in the global container shipping. To study the impact of main channel interruption on the container shipping, we analysed statistical data on all routes operated by the top 100 global container liner companies and constructed a network model. We selected four topological metrics to measure the network’s connectivity and used the network weekly total shipping capacity and average shortest shipping time to measure the network’s transportation capacity and transportation time. The interruption of the main channel is simulated, and the changes in the metrics are analysed. The results indicated that the network’s vulnerability is sensitive to main channel interruption. If the Malacca Strait is interrupted, the network’s prosperity degree fall by almost half and the network’s transportation time increase by more than a quarter if the Suez Canal is interrupted. In addition, East Asian and European container liner shipping have more than 50% dependence on the Malacca Strait and the Suez Canal. Moreover, the container transport time between ports in East Asia, Europe, and North America and the rest of the world increases by an average of 4–9 days in the main channel interruption.     

On cost-efficiency of the global container shipping network

This paper presents a simple formulation in the form of a pipe network for modelling the global container-shipping network. The cost-efficiency and movement-patterns of the current container-shipping network have been investigated using heuristic methods. The model is able to reproduce the overall incomes, costs, and container movement patterns for the industry as well as for the individual shipping lines and ports. It was found that the cost of repositioning empties is 27% of the total world fleet running cost and that overcapacity continues to be a problem. The model is computationally efficient. Implemented in the Java language, it takes one minute to run a full-scale network on a Pentium IV computer.     

论上海北外滩航运服务功能的拓展

上海国际航运中心的发展和黄浦江的开发为北外滩航运服务功能的拓展提供了契机。本文分析了北外滩航运服务功能历史发展概况和现状 ,阐述了北外滩航运服务功能开发的机遇和挑战、优势和劣势 ,最后提出了北外滩航运服务功能发展的要求和建议。     

金融危机时期上海海事促进航运发展的思考

金融危机来势汹汹,作为与航运业息息相关的海事部门,如何深入实践科学发展观,帮助航运单位度过这场危机,有许多值得我们思考的问题。文中从对科学发展观基本内涵的认识逐步深入,运用科学发展观的世界观和方法论,分析了金融危机对上海航运经济发展可能带来的影响,提出了着力解决金融危机时期影响经济的突出问题,以及上海海事促进航运可持续发展的一些思考。     

国际海运温室气体减排趋势及对我国的影响

本文回顾了国际社会关于温室气体减排的谈判进程。介绍了国际海运温室气体减排的现状和特征,分析了IMO对国际海运温室气体减排的立法趋势及其可能对我国造成的影响,提出了相应的参考建议。     

Spatial pattern of the global shipping network and its hub-and-spoke system

Port system is a research focus of transport geography, and most studies believe carriers are important factors in the development and concentration of the port system. Since the 1990s, carriers have played an important role in organizing the global shipping network and reorganizing the port system. But there isn’t a perfect method to evaluate carriers’ influence and the roles of each port in the maritime shipping networks. In this paper, we use the monthly schedule table of international carriers to describe and model the spatial pattern of the global shipping network and identify its hub-and-spoke system. The result shows that a hierarchical structure exists in the global shipping network. The North Hemisphere, especially the East Asia and the Southeast Asia, is a dominant region of the worldwide shipping network. East Asia, Southeast Asia, Northeast Europe, and East coast of the USA are the concentration regions of worldwide shipping lines. The ports of Hong Kong, Singapore, Shenzhen, Shanghai, and Kaohsiung etc have advanced capacity for maritime shipping and high potentials for being hub ports in the global shipping network. Today, the worldwide shipping network is transforming from the multi-port calling system to 44 regional hub-and-spoke systems. Meanwhile, the sub-networks with hub ports of Antwerp, Singapore, and Hong Kong have become the most important ones and dominate the whole global shipping network.     

Risk analysis of maritime accidents along the main route of the Maritime Silk Road: a Bayesian network approach

ABSTRACT

The safety of maritime transportation along the twenty-first century Maritime Silk Road (MSR) is important to ensure its development and sustainability. Maritime transportation poses risks of accidents that can cause the death or injury of crew members and damage to ships and the environment. This paper proposes a Bayesian network (BN) based risk analysis approach that is newly applied in the main route of the MSR to analyse its relevant maritime accidents. The risk data are manually collected from the reports of the accident that occurred along the MSR. Next, the risk factors are identified and the results from the modelling method can provide useful insights for accident prevention. Historical data collected from accident reports are used to estimate the prior probabilities of the identified risk factors influencing the occurrence of maritime accidents. The results show that the main influencing factors are the type and location of an accident and the type, speed, and age of the involved ship(s). In addition, scenario analysis is conducted to analyse the risks of different ships in various navigational environments. The findings can be used to analyse the probability of each possible maritime accident along MSR and to provide useful insights for shipowners’ accident prevention.     

中国沿海AIS岸基骨干网的建设

船舶自动识别系统(AIS)是一种船舶与船舶之间、船舶与岸台之间交换船名、位置、航向等信息的现代化航海装备。它在GPS导航定位的基础上,使船舶不但可以精确知道自己的位置,更重要地是可以获得周围其他船舶的信息,从而可以达到船舶避碰的目的,提高航海的安全性。文中对这一系统的主要性能、技术标准、以及中国沿海AIS岸基骨干网的建设情况进行了简要介绍,AIS信息在海上搜救、海事调查等方面已经得到成功应用。     

Determinants of the probability of default: the case of the internationally listed shipping corporations

In this study, we use a sample of 192 listed shipping companies and employ a logit model in order to investigate the determinants of the probability of default. We enhance our analysis by isolating not only the cases of company liquidations but also those cases where companies had to change their legal status due to warning liquidity signals. Our key findings are in line with prior research and moreover we depict a changing trend in the marginal effects of relevant variables, on the probability of default. We further show, through an empirical application, how the obtained results can be used in a managerial decision-making process and in a bank credit underwriting process in order to assess the creditworthiness of a shipping company.     

Three-dimensional numerical analysis of shipping water onto a moving ship using a particle method

The objective of this study was to develop a numerical analysis method based on the moving particle semi-implicit method for simulating shipping water on a moving ship. Towing tests of a very large crude carrier were numerically analyzed for three typical wavelengths. The ship was forced to move in order to express previously measured ship oscillations, and the calculated fluid behavior and the impact pressure on the deck were compared with the experimental results.     

金融危机对中国航运业及中国海事的影响之追踪

文中以广州南沙港区为例,通过大量的数据分析,讨论了金融危机对中国航运业所带来的冲击,以及对中国海事监管造成的影响。建议在当前形势下,中国航运业和中国海事都要紧紧抓住危机中蕴含的机遇,谋发展、求提升。     

采用双互易边界元法进行三维声场特征值分析的近似函数研究

该文对应用双互易边界元法进行三维声场特征值分析时所用的近似函数进行了研究和讨论.分别以RBF函数、TPS函数和扩展的RBF和TPS函数作为近似函数对一长方体封闭空间声特征值进行了计算.计算结果表明:TPS函数得出的结果与其它函数相比是比较精确的,且收敛速度较快,但高次的TPS函数并没有显示出优势;TPS函数、扩展的TPS函数和RBF函数对于域内点的选取不太敏感.     

Across the waves: a bibliometric analysis of container shipping research since the 1960s

The paper investigates collaborative and semantic patterns that emerged between 1967 and 2013 about the theme of container shipping based on a corpus of 294 articles published in scholarly journals within the fields of transportation, supply chain, economics, geography, regional planning and development, and operations research. An analysis based on the co-occurrence of title words allows identifying dominant sub-themes and their evolution. Main results point to the gradual diversification of container shipping research, from the dominance of economics towards a more trans-disciplinary set of approaches which integrate port-related activities and multimodal networks. Yet, disciplinary specialization remains strong up to nowadays so that container shipping research remains rather fragmented. While co-authorships have increased over time, they remain polarized by few, weakly connected research battalions. Our study suggests that research on container shipping would benefit from more frequent contacts between such communities to foster in-depth cross-disciplinary studies and fundamental cooperation.     

An analysis and comparison of multinational officers of the watch in the global maritime labor market

ABSTRACT

Officer of the watch (OOW) is an important part of the maritime labor market. For many years, countries have been improving their development of OOWs for the maritime market, in terms of both quantity and quality. As the supply of qualified OOWs for maritime transportation is such an important issue, shipping companies recruit multinational OOWs for both economic and socio-cultural reasons. This study aims to identify the qualifications of an ideal officer that holds office on commercial ships, and to make a comparison among Filipino, Chinese, Indian, Eastern European and Turkish OOWs. The research takes into account expert opinions of a number of shipping companies that employ multinational seafarers. A Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (FAHP) technique is applied in this study to assist in the comparison of officers. A number of main and sub-criteria are outlined to determine both positive and negative aspects of OOWs from the selected countries for decision making purposes. This study allows maritime countries to evaluate their maritime education and training policies for selection and assessment of OOWs.     

非体系航运企业标准化安全制度建设的几点思考

文中针对目前我国非体系航运企业和船舶的基本状况找出了在安全生产过程中存在的主要问题,认为建立健全非体系航运企业安全制度是提高管理水平的关键,运用安全管理体系理念建设非体系航运企业是解决安全生产问题的突破点。     

Reposition of empty containers of different life stages integrated with liner shipping network design

ABSTRACT

This paper integrates empty container reposition with container shipping network design considering the container life stages. A mixed-integer linear programming model is built to determine the liner shipping network, the initial launch ports of new containers, the ports for scrapping obsolete containers, the empty container reposition scheme and the containers of different life stages being used for a specific voyage. A case study is done by taking liner shipping among China, Japan and South Korea, Southeast Asia, Europe and the US as an example. The results show that over 93% of new containers are put into use in China while 63% of old containers are scrapped in Europe or the US, and 73% of containers used for packing cargoes from China to the US are those at the Decline Stage or the Exit Stage.     

基于Winding number积分方法求解输流管特征方程

Winding number积分方法是一种用于求解复特征值问题的有效方法。在用传递矩阵法分析输流管道的稳定性时,最终需要求解临界流速的特征方程。该特征方程属于复特征值问题,可应用Winding number积分方法来很好的处理。本文以输流直管为例,阐述了该方法的基本思想和计算的方法及步骤,并对典型边界条件下的特征方程进行求解,验证了Winding number积分方法在求解复数方程根时的有效性。最后,在此基础上研究了弹性支撑的刚度系数对输流管道稳定性的影响。     

舰船管网漏损探测与定位方法

针对舰艇管网控制实时性要求高、管网拓扑结构复杂等特点,提出基于模糊理论的分布式管网漏损探测和定位方法。介绍模糊理论的基本原理,确定隶属度函数,提出管网系统的故障隶属度和漏损指数作为管网是否发生漏损的特征参数,判断管网系统是否发生漏损,并根据漏损点附近漏损指数最大的特点,通过找出各个节点或者管段的最大漏损指数实现管网漏损点定位。最后对本文所提方法进行数值仿真,仿真结果表明该方法是一种有效的漏损探测、定位方法。     

Seasonal changes in the positional importance of components in the trophic flow network of the Chesapeake Bay

Community-level processes may shape food web structure. In this paper, a graph theoretical study of the weighted trophic flow network of the Chesapeake Bay ecosystem shows how important are positions in the energy (carbon) transport system. The positional importance of components is compared to the quantity of energy flowing through them. We suggest that the congruence between important network positions and large flows refers to the larger role of trophic interactions in community control. A seasonal dynamical analysis of the network has led us to the conclusion that winter is the season when the importance of predation is the highest.     

基于比对分析的海事履约能力建设研究

为迎接IMO强制审核,我国海事部门于2017年部署开展了第三方海事履约评估,客观评价我国海事履约的阶段性成效,系统分析履约工作存在的问题与不足.截至2019年,第一轮海事履约评估已基本完成.文中基于海事履约第三方评估结果,与IMO强制审核发现的问题进行了比对分析,旨在找出我国海事履约存在的不足与改进的方向,提出解决我国...