钢板弯曲工艺中的高频感应加热过程数值分析

作为电磁感应热源应用于船体板水火弯板工艺的一项基础研究,首先阐述了钢板感应加热的磁热耦合理论,然后利用ANSYS软件代码开发了钢板感应加热的有限元模型.数值计算结果和实验结果相一致,并得出了钢板感应加热过程中的电磁场分布规律和和温度随时间的变化规律,计算结果符合感应加热的特征.     

多加热线对钢板感应加热变形的影响

在船体曲面板的水火弯板工艺中,钢板表面一般布置有多条加热线,然而,加热线间距对于钢板变形的影响一直是该工艺的研究难点.为此,以2条平行加热线的钢板感应加热变形为研究对象,采用试验和数值计算相结合的方法,研究加热线间距对于钢板变形的影响.结果 表明,当加热线间距大于200 mm时,加热线之间的相互影响可以忽略.     

基于水火弯板工艺的钢板感应加热方式对比性研究

为了研究船体曲面钢板感应加热过程的加热方式,利用实验和数值模拟的方法,分析了各自加热过程中钢板的温度及变形量的变化规律.针对非持续式感应加热方法,初步给出最佳加热时间参数.利用罗氏线圈测量加热过程中感应器的电流强度和频率,实验结果和数值模拟结果相吻合,验证了数值模拟计算的准确性.结果表明:合理的分配感应加热的时间参数,选择非持续式感应加热可以达到预期的成型效果,在提高加热效率的同时有效的节约了加热能源.     

钢板局部感应加热收缩量回归及实验分析

针对影响感应加热能量参数的不同组合,利用数值模拟方法探讨了以感应加热为热源进行水火弯板加工局部收缩量与各参数关系的影响规律,得出钢板表面局部收缩量与各加工参数之间的关系;据此对各种参数组合情况下变形实验的测量数据建立回归模型,利用回归分析程序计算分析得到钢板的局部收缩量的回归方程,试验测量与回归计算结果进行分析比较验证,结果令人满意。     

移动式平板感应加热磁热耦合的数值模拟

  目的  在钢板感应加热的数值计算中,通常采用磁热耦合计算方法。该方法虽然结果准确,但建立的模型非常复杂,且计算需耗费大量时间。为此,  方法  通过计算和理论推导,提出一种高频感应加热热源的简化计算方法,以一个空间函数形式的热源模型来代替复杂的电磁热耦合计算。使用COMSOL Multi-physics软件建立钢板静止式感应加热有限元模型,运用磁热耦合计算方法和简化方法分别计算钢板加热后的温度场,并对采用2种方法得到的温度场分布结果进行比较,以验证简化方法应用到热源模型的可靠性。  结果  结果表明,运用所提简化计算方法得到的热源模型具有可靠性。  结论  相比于磁热耦合的方法,采用热源简化方法计算钢板感应加热过程,可以有效缩短计算时间,且在钢板移动式感应加热的计算中,能很好地解决模型过于复杂、计算时间过长等问题。     

钢板感应加热机理及电磁-热耦合场的数值模拟

在船体外板水火成形工艺的实际加工和机械自动化加工试验中,研究发现使用氧-乙炔火焰热源存在很多难以解决的问题和局限,为此本文提出了采用电磁感应加热取代氧-乙炔火焰加热,阐述了感应加热的原理和过程,并利用ANSYS有限元软件对感应加热中的电磁-热耦合场进行了数值模拟,对计算结果进行了相应分析.     

钢板移动式感应加热过程工艺参数分析与局部变形预测

针对钢板移动式感应加热成形问题,采用正交试验分析得出影响钢板感应加热的主要因素是加热速度和空气间隙,并利用数值模拟分析这两个工艺参数与钢板变形之间的关系。结果表明,加热速度和空气间隙会影响加热深度,进而对横向收缩量、横向角变形和垂向位移有显著的影响。最后,在数值计算样本的基础上推导横向收缩量的回归数学模型,发现回归模型的计算值与试验值之间的相对误差在工程允许范围内,证明回归模型的计算结果可靠。     

船用钢板感应加热生热特性研究

基于ANSYS有限元软件,以SC单回路感应器为热源,建立船用钢板感应加热的三维有限元数值模型,并对感应加热过程中钢板的涡流功率分布和升温过程进行分析.研究表明,在加热钢板过程中,感应器轴线方向上涡流生热区域的扩散和最高生热区域的转移导致主要加热区域略微偏离钢板成形的加热线;涡流生热区域向钢板厚度方向的扩散受电磁特性的影响,无法使整块钢板都直接生热;钢板上表面加热过程可分为3个阶段,虽然升温速度逐渐放缓,但在温度接近居里温度时会迅速上升.     

船体曲率板感应加热成形工艺研究

[目的]在船舶建造过程中,板材的弯曲成形工艺不仅影响建造成本及周期,而且其成形精度也会影响船舶的水动力性能及其运营成本.[方法]针对船体板材双曲率成形效率低且精度差等问题,首先以感应加热作为热源,实现热弯成形,得到典型的帆形曲率板;然后通过高效的热?弹?塑性有限元(TEP FE)计算及基于弯曲力矩的弹性有限元计算,再现...     

感应加热板材成形的有限元分析及工艺规划

通过感应加热实现板材的热弯成形,具有精准控制、安全便捷等特点。本研究采用新型便携式感应加热设备,对8mm船板钢进行热弯成形试验;并基于热-弹-塑性及弹性有限元计算,预测感应加热面外弯曲变形,与测量数据基本吻合。同时,考虑试验成本高昂,通过大通量的有限性计算,建立感应加热参数与板材弯曲的数据库;并通过回归分析,拟合出感应线圈移动速度与板材弯曲角度间的数学关系。当板材弯曲曲率相同时,通过线加热位置的迭代二分法,可线性逼近板材的目标弯曲形状,进而快速规划加工工艺,并进行了验证。     

吊耳局部有限元建模技术分析

文章中提出了几肿简化处理方法来模拟插销与吊耳的接触.通过有限元计算结果比较,发现提出的简化处理方法与接触算法计算结果接近,且耗时少、操作简单,可以将这些简化处理方法广泛应用于吊耳的有限元强度校核.     

A detailed finite element investigation of the effects of local lateral high-velocity impacts on the ultimate strength of unstiffened steel plates subjected to uniaxial in-plane compression

In this paper, the ultimate strength of unstiffened steel plates under uniaxial in-plane compression is numerically studied considering the local lateral impact of a rigid-body impactor. The plates are made of mild steel, where its behaviour is modelled by using the Johnson-Cook material model. The material parameters of the Johnson-Cook material model calibrated by the authors were employed for predicting the behaviour of the target in order to numerically reproduce the impact tests. The value of average in-plane stress of the plates is determined accounting for the collision of rigid-body impactor with masses of 50–150 gr and velocities of 400–1200 m/s. Moreover, the effects of stress waves induced as a result of lateral impact of the rigid-body impactor on the ultimate strength of the plates under uniaxial in-plane compression are also assessed. The results indicate that the ultimate strength of the plate decreases due to stress-wave creation and thus, it is required to take that into account. Besides, it is revealed that assuming the final damaged state of the plate after being laterally impacted by the rigid-body impactor as an initial condition, does not yield a correct response when evaluating its ultimate compressive strength under uniaxial in-plane compression.     

不同冷却方式对大尺寸钢板感应加热成形的影响

为有效解决船用中厚钢板复杂曲面加工问题,本文探究了空气冷却、正面水冷和反面水冷方式对大尺寸钢板弯曲成型的影响因素。首先采用COMSOL Multiphysics仿真平台模拟了电磁感应加热和冷却变形多物理场同步耦合过程,然后分析了各种因素对大尺寸钢板弯曲成型影响,最后通过实验验证了有限元模型的可靠性,并对感应加热弯曲成型效果进行评估。研究结果表明:(1)相对于水冷,空冷对钢板Y向位移改变效果显著。(2)相对于空冷,水冷对钢板角位移的改变影响明显。(3)当频率为50kHz时,电流频率对表面温度和角位移影响显著。(4)当钢板长宽比≥1:2时,Y向位移的增加比较显著;当长宽比≈1:1时,角位移的改变比较明显。     

水火弯板工艺参数和角变形关系的有限元分析

对于完全采用水火弯板成形船体板的情况,根据要加工形成的角变形量给出合适的工艺参数是水火弯板成形系统必须解决的问题.为了确定工艺参数,必须探索加热条件和角变形之间的关系.为此,文章提出了利用小板的变形来研究大板变形情况的相似性规律,并且用体功率模型来综合地考虑火焰速度、火焰有效功率、火焰作用半径和钢板厚度对角变形所引起的综合作用.基于这些分析方法,利用三维有限元法分析热源气体流量和热源速度对于不同厚度钢板的成形关系.     

Strain rate sensitive steel constitutive models for finite element analysis of vessel-structure impacts

Civil infrastructure systems such as bridge piers, navigational guide walls, and protection structures that are located near navigable waterways are inherently at risk for being impacted by cargo vessels such as barges and ships. To safely design such systems to possess adequate vessel impact resistance, structural loads associated with potential vessel-structure collision conditions must be quantified in a conservative manner. While high-resolution finite element impact simulations may be employed to compute such loads, care must be exercised in defining the material characteristics of the vessel if conservative structural design loads are to be obtained. Importantly, constitutive relationships assigned to steel components in the vessel model must be capable of accounting for strain rate sensitivities and large-scale plastic deformations.In the present study, strain rate sensitive constitutive models were developed for two types of steel commonly utilized in marine construction in the United States—ASTM A36 and ASTM A1011. Tension tests were conducted over a wide range of strain rates (7.00 × 10⁻⁵ s⁻¹ – 250 s⁻¹) spanning from quasi-static to intermediate and high rates that are typically associated with vessel-structure impact events. A novel testing apparatus—employing an impact pendulum as an energy supply mechanism—was designed for this study to conduct intermediate to high-rate material testing. Features of the apparatus, discussed in this paper, overcome key problems encountered in other studies that have employed impact loading for tensile material testing. From the testing program, representative stress–strain relations and Cowper–Symonds strain rate sensitivity parameters were developed for the materials tested. Rate sensitivities of the two steel grades tested were found to be very similar to each other. Additionally, rate sensitivities from the present study agreed well with ultimate stress data measured in past studies of mild steel, but were found to be less rate-sensitive than yield stress data measured in past studies.     

Coarse mesh finite element model for cruise ship global and local vibration analysis

This paper presents a practical procedure for creating finite element (FE) model for vibration analysis of cruise ships. The most preferable FE modelling approaches are studied and discussed through case studies of common ship structures, which cover the range from low to high frequencies. The application of homogenized equivalent single layer (ESL) theory based equivalent element for stiffened panel is extended to local forced vibration analysis, where inertia induced interaction between plate and stiffener occurs. Modal method is used with an energy-based correction for accounting the plate-stiffener interaction into modal properties. Case study results reveal that mesh density of one 4-node element per web frame spacing is suitable for global FE-model when vibration analysis is limited to global hull girder modes. For such modes it is sufficient to only include the membrane stiffness of stiffened panels. For investigating the response at higher frequencies, bending properties of stiffened panel should be included and mesh density should be at least two elements per web frame spacing. Then forced vibration analysis can be performed with an excellent accuracy up to frequencies about one third of the local plate natural frequencies between the stiffeners. Beyond that, the influence of the local plate vibration becomes more significant in panel vibration, making the ESL-theory based element limited. With the applied correction method, the validity of the ESL-model can be extended to approximately two thirds of the local plate natural frequency.     

基于有限元分析法的船舶上层建筑振动性能研究

上层建筑振动是影响船舶整体稳定性的主要因素,所以对其进行有效分析具有重要的现实意义。本次针对以往基于经验公式建立软件程序来计算上层建筑振动频率,存在精度不足的问题,提出一种有限元分析方法。利用有限元分析法进行船舶上层建筑振动性能研究主要分为两部分:先是选定船舶参数,利用利用Ansys软件进行上层结构有限元建模;后是对该模型进行求解,计算船舶上层建筑振动频率,实现振动性能研究,并与基于经验公式软件程序法进行对比,得出有限元分析法精度更高,结果更接近真实值。     

峡江枢纽工程有限元抗滑稳定性研究*

峡江水利枢纽工程岩体完整性差、抗冲能力较弱,应采取相应工程防护措施。对11闸段墩进行计算分析后得知,11闸段墩的抗滑稳定不满足规范要求。为此,采用非线性数值方法,对11闸墩的深层抗滑稳定安全系数进行校核,并运用有限元软件SAPTIS对11闸段墩段深层抗滑进行非线性有限元分析。根据分析结果,针对该缺陷提出加厚底板方案和锚筋桩方案,并得出结论——两种方案都能够满足抗滑稳定性要求。