公路工程机械施工技术和安全管理要点分析

为提高公路工程机械施工质量,保证施工过程的安全性和施工质量,对公路工程机械施工技术和机械施工安全管理要点进行分析。首先,从挖掘机施工技术、压路机施工技术、沥青摊铺机施工技术等方面,对公路工程机械施工技术要点进行分析;其次,指出公路工程机械施工安全管理常见问题,包括人员素质待提高、安全管理体系待完善;最后,从提高人员综合素养、完善安全管理体系、优化公路工程机械施工安全管理模式等方面分析公路工程机械施工安全管理要点,以期为公路工程机械施工提供参考。     

道路压实机械的机电一体化现状和发展趋势

压实机械是道路和土木基础工程施工的关键设备之一。采用机电一体化技术能够有效提高压实机械的整体性能、作业效率和使用寿命。基于机电一体化技术的发展现状,对压实机械的控制、检测和传感器技术的应用等方面提出了展望。     

高原气候下使用筑养路机械的防磨损措施

结合高原气候特点,从使用、保养、维护等几方面提出了降低筑养路机械早期磨损,延长机械寿命的措施.     

当前改性沥青、乳化沥青机械制造业发展的特点和趋势

通过世界各发达工业国机械制造业的发展态势,以及我国当前机械制造业存在的问题分析,指出我国当前要大力发展机械制造业,就必须将机械、电子、光学、材料学等科学技术综合利用起来,向柔性化、灵捷化和智能化的方向迈进.     

兰渝铁路图山寺高瓦斯隧道施工设备资源配置

文章结合图山寺高瓦斯隧道施工,介绍高瓦斯隧道施工过程中人力、机械等资源的配置及洞内施工机械防爆改装,可供同类工程借鉴。     

工程机械在使用中的安全防范

从安全管理体系和安全管理制度的建立,操作人员的选配、机械设备自身使用安全以及机械使用环境等方面,阐述了如何做好筑养路机械的安全预防,确保机械在使用期内安全无事故.     

输油泵机械密封的研制

国内成品油管道输送泵以进口泵为主,泵体装配的机械密封均为国外产品.机械密封作为离心泵的易损件,更换频率较高.进口机械密封的造价较高,供货周期长.对进口输油泵机械密封进行了国产化的研制,通过分析、对比、试验,提出了成品油输送泵机械密封的关键技术,从选材、技术参数、辅助系统等几个方面采取措施,设计出性能稳定、寿命长的多种规格的机械密封产品,产品在实际应用中得到验证,满足技术要求.     

COWS原油储罐清洗技术在吐哈油库的应用

以吐哈油库19#原油储罐引用国外先进的机械清洗设备清洗为例,介绍了该机械清洗设备的工作原理及其组成,结合吐哈油库19#原油储罐油质的特点,给出了此次原油储罐清洗系统布置及工艺流程。根据吐哈油库19#原油储罐的实际清洗效果,证明采用该机械清洗设备进行原油储罐机械清洗具有原油清洗彻底、原油回收率高、安全环保、施工周期短、节约施工成本等优点,该机械清洗设备可以得到普遍应用与推广。     

公路工程施工机械的合理选择

对施工机械的配备、选型、组合和购置以及租赁等问题按施工机械合理选择的主要依据、一般原则、选择方法以及科学的配套组合进行总结、分析.     

公路工程施工机械管理分析

公路工程施工机械管理关系到工程施工质量、安全、进度与效益,在施工组织管理中占据重要地位。鉴于此,在施工机械管理中,要通过合理选择施工机械、合理配置管理资源和优化管理等手段实现管理目标,提升管理水平,更好地服务公路施工建设。     

船用控制台电磁兼容结构设计探讨

随着现代计算机网络技术和智能控制技术的不断进步,对电气控制设备箱体电磁兼容的要求越来越高。本文结合某电磁兼容控制台提出了一种电磁兼容的台体结构设计与同行探讨:设计横截面呈"U"字形及平面矩形的不锈钢框架,与碳钢材料台体壳壁门框孔处以焊接形式固定,配置电磁兼容密封材料,形成完整的电磁兼容结构。实践证明:电磁干扰测试和电磁敏感度测试符合设备正常工作要求,结构简洁,可靠性好,便于MACAD制造。     

高速公路挖方边坡优化设计智能方法与应用

文章针对高速公路挖方边坡设计的特点和要求,结合依托工程实例,阐述了基于支持向量机和粒子群算法的智能方法在高速公路挖方边坡优化设计中的具体应用,为高速公路挖方边坡优化设计提供参考。     

Effectiveness of roadside crash countermeasures

In this article, an "intelligent" airline seat inventory control system is developed. Applications of the system are considered for both nonstop flights and flights with stopovers. The system developed is able to recognize a situation characterized by the number of reservations made by individual passenger classes and the number of canceled reservations at a certain moment in time before departure. The system can also make the appropriate decision without knowing the functional relationships in effect between individual variables. As in other intelligent systems, the "intelligent" airline seat inventory control system proposed here is able to generalize, adapt and learn based on new knowledge and new information. The "intelligent" airline seat inventory control system is based on fuzzy logic. The system makes on-line decisions as to whether to accept or reject any passenger request using established fuzzy rules. The "intelligent" system's results are compared with those of the EMSR model for nonstop flights. The results for flights with stopovers are compared with those obtained using integer programming. The final conclusions are very promising.     

智能车辆控制SIMULINK仿真中自定义模块的创建

介绍SIMULINK中用嵌入式MATLAB函数(EmbeddedMATLAB Function)创建自定义算法模块的方法,并利用嵌入式MATLAB函数的M文件编辑器,编写了实现智能车辆控制仿真过程中状态切换控制算法的M源文件,应用测试模型测试了其准确性。具体实例表明,SIMULINK中嵌入式MATLAB函数自定义算法模块可以大大简化复杂建模过程,减少工程人员的工作量,在此基础上实现动态仿真过程的可视化,扩展了SIIMULINK的应用领域。     

Machine learning for multi-jurisdictional optimal traffic corridor control

Urban traffic corridors are often controlled by more than one agency. Typically in North America, a state of provincial transportation department controls freeways while another agency at the municipal or city level controls the nearby arterials. While the different segments of the corridor fall under different jurisdictions, traffic and users know no boundaries and expect seamless service. Common lack of coordination amongst those authorities due to lack of means for information exchange and/or possible bureaucratic ‘institutional grid-lock’ could hinder the full potential of technically-possible integrated control. Such institutional gridlock and related lack of timely coordination amongst the different agencies involved can have a direct impact on traffic gridlock. One potential solution to this problem is through integrated automatic control under intelligent transportation systems (ITS). Advancements in ITS and communication technology have the potential to considerably reduce delay and congestion through an array of network-wide traffic control and management strategies that can seamlessly cross-jurisdictional boundaries. Perhaps two of the most promising such control tools for freeway corridors are traffic-responsive ramp metering and/or dynamic traffic diversion possibly using variable message signs (VMS). Technically, the use of these control methods separately might limit their potential usefulness. Therefore, integrated corridor control using ramp metering and VMS diversion simultaneously might be synergetic and beneficial. Motivated by the above problem and potential solution approach, the aim of the research presented in this paper is to develop a self-learning adaptive integrated freeway-arterial corridor control for both recurring and non-recurring congestion. The paper introduces the use of reinforcement learning, an Artificial Intelligence method for machine learning, to provide optimal control using ramp metering and VMS routing in an integrated agent for a freeway-arterial corridor. Reinforcement learning is an approach whereby the control agent directly learns optimal strategies via feedback reward signals from its environment. A simple but powerful reinforcement learning method known as Q-learning is used. Results from an elaborate simulation study on a key corridor in Toronto are very encouraging and discussed in the paper.     

上海长江隧道超大型盾构壳体金加工设备研制

为解决上海长江隧道超大型盾构的壳体金加工难题，自行研制了大型盾构专用车镗铣设备。介绍了该设备的研制要求、设计方案、主要部件的结构、设备制造安装精度控制措施和实际应用效果。该设备的研制成功，为我国盾构掘进机产业化提供了大型金加工设备。     

智慧高速公路设计案例分析

本文以某智慧高速的设计案例为依托,首先对国内外智慧高速发展和应用现状进行归纳总结,分析认为电动化、智能化的新型运载工具,信息化和功能专业化的基础设施,开放、共享、协同的管理与服务将是未来高速公路三大发展趋势。通过对高速公路使用者和管理者的需求针对性地精准分析,构建面向高速公路使用者和管理者的创新型应用服务。结合新技术的发展趋势,以服务需求为导向,建设"三网合一"智慧高速基础设施和智慧云控平台构成、数据流为驱动的、"开放、包容、创新"的智慧高速公路。基于案例分析的智慧高速规划设计全过程,对于国内智慧高速的整体设计和建设规划具有重要参考价值,探索开辟全新的高速公路智能化建设方向和思路。     

Control Concepts for Facilitating Motorway On-ramp Merging Using Intelligent Vehicles

Abstract

Congestion at motorway junctions is a traffic phenomenon that degrades operation of infrastructure and can lead to breakdown of traffic flow and associated reduction in capacity. Advanced communication technologies open new possibilities to prevent or at least delay this phenomenon, and innovative active traffic management systems have been developed in the recent years for better control of motorway traffic. This paper presents a review of control strategies for facilitating motorway on-ramp merging using intelligent vehicles. First, the concepts of the control algorithms are reviewed chronologically divided into three types of intelligent vehicle: completely automated, equipped with cooperative adaptive cruise control and equipped with on-board display. Then, a common structure is identified, and the algorithms are presented based on their characteristics in order to identify similarities, dissimilarities, trends and possible future research directions. Finally, using a similar approach, a review of the methods used to evaluate these control strategies identifies important aspects that should be considered by further research on this topic.     

Short‐term highway traffic flow prediction based on a hybrid strategy considering temporal–spatial information

Short‐term traffic flow prediction is fundamental for the intelligent transportation system and is proved to be a challenge. This paper proposed a hybrid strategy that is general and can make use of a large number of underlying machine learning or time‐series prediction models to capture the complex patterns beneath the traffic flow. With the strategy, four different combinations were implemented. To consider the spatial features of traffic phenomenon, several different state vectors including different observations were built. The performance of the proposed strategy was investigated using the traffic flow measurements from the Traffic Operation and Safety Laboratory in Wisconsin, USA. The results show the overall performance of hybrid strategy is better than a single model. Also, incorporating observations from adjacent junctions can improve prediction accuracy. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

智能航标光伏发电系统设计探讨

文章介绍了干扰观测法、电导增量法、恒定电压跟踪法等3种太阳能电池最大功率点跟踪控制算法的基本原理,阐述了基于干扰观测理论的智能航标光伏发电系统最大功率点跟踪控制电路及其系统软件的设计程序。