I can’t believe your attitude: a joint estimation of best worst attitudes and electric vehicle choice

The number of conventionally fuelled motor vehicles in use is increasing worldwide despite warnings about finite fossil fuel and the detrimental impacts of burning such fuels. While electric vehicles, the subject of much research, generate far less emissions and offer the potential for power from renewable sources, they are yet to significantly penetrate the market. Tangible barriers such as price and vehicle range still exist, but consumer attitudes also drive behaviour. This paper examines attributes in a framework relatively new to transportation and energy policy; best–worst scaling. This method is widely considered an improvement over traditional methods of eliciting attitudes and beliefs, where respondents select attitudes they find best or worst from a set of attitudinal statements. To avoid potential endogeneity bias, we jointly model attitudes and choice for the first time with best–worst data. It is found that energy crisis, air quality and climate change concerns influence behaviour with respect to vehicle range and that travel behaviour change and forms of government incentives are needed influences on behaviour with respect to vehicle emissions. It is argued that correctly modelling attitudes reduces the error term of the vehicle choice model and provides policy makers with an improved lens for assessing behaviour. Additionally, the methods described within can easily be adapted to other policy scenarios.     

改性沥青AC-20I混合料优化设计

研究表明高速公路许多破坏是由中面层破坏引起.针对这种现状对AC-20I型混合料进行了级配优化设计,并采用了MAC改性沥青,在级配设计以及最佳沥青含量确定中,借鉴了美国SUPERPAVE技术.通过对混合料性能的检验,表明优化以后的混合料性能有了很大的提高,证明优化设计是成功的.     

浅谈72 000 t油轮安全系统

随着船舶安全性的要求越来越高,新的安全系统将会不断的被开发并运用到以后建造的船舶上。文章以沪东中华造船集团有限公司建造的72000t油轮为例,介绍了油轮上特殊的安全系统。     

既有线运用27t轴重货车运输组织模式研究

27t轴重货车能有效提高列车牵引质量,增加运能、满足货运需求、提高运输效率。既有线运用27t轴重货车时受到线路基础设施设备条件限制,因此,运输组织过程中需制定相适应的运输组织方案,才能最大限度地发挥27t轴重货车的运用效果。本文通过对27t轴重货车技术特征的描述,及其对限制条件和运输组织过程中考虑的问题的分析,对不同条件下27t轴重货车的运输组织模式进行研究,给出了在27t轴重货车推广使用过程中所采用的运输组织模式。     

基于I/M制度的南充市机动车尾气治理

文章分析了南充市汽车尾气治理现状,在分析I/M制度的作用特点及美国实施I/M制度效果的基础上;提出在I/M制度下南充市在用车排放治理措施。     

在用车排放控制的重要途径——I/M制度

I/M制度是公认的削减在用车排放的主要手段,机动车排放检测是发现高排放车辆的重要方法。文章介绍了I/M制度的主要内容、优越性及确保I/M制度实施的关键环节。     

西康铁路秦岭特长隧道I线出口段TBM施工

秦岭特长隧道是在我国铁路隧道中首次采用掘进机法(TBM)施工的隧道.I线出口段从1998年2月16日至1999年8月26日,共完成掘进5720.118m,平均月进度301.06m,平均日进度10.307m,最高月进度508.96m,最高日进度35.254m.文章分析了秦岭特长隧道I线出口段TBM施工的掘进进度以及掘进速度与围岩类别的关系,并在此基础上介绍了TBM通过不良地质地段的施工对策,为敞开式TBM在我国隧道工程中的应用提供了宝贵经验.     

Design of multiple-vehicle delivery tours—I a ring-radial network

Certain aspects of what is commonly described as the “Vehicle Routing Problem” are discussed. We wish to deliver items to a large number of points randomly distributed over some region by means of vehicles, each of which can deliver to only C points. The key to any detailed routing to minimize the cost of delivery (by hand or computer) is first to partition the region into zones in which individual vehicles make deliveries. We assume here that there are many such zones, an average density of points δ, that the “unit of length” δ^-1/2 is large compared with the spacing between roads, and C ⪢ 1. To minimize the delivery cost, zones should be approximately rectangular in shape with a width comparable with δ^-1/2 and length comparable with Cδ^-1/2. In order to illustrate some numerical methods of approximation, we will first analyze, in considerable detail, the routing of vehicles on an idealized ring-radial network including how one would distort the shape of the zones near the origin and at boundaries. In Part II we will generalize this to other network geometries, and in Part III consider modifications in strategy if the items (people, for example) are valuable. In contrast with presently available computer programs for which the accuracy may decrease with increasing number of points in the region, the methods described here are essentially asymptotic approximations; the more points there are in the region, the more accurate are the results.     

基于t检验的车辆行驶阻力及相关系数可信度分析

通过车辆道路滑行试验及数据处理方法,建立不同的数学模型,采用回归分析法得出滑行阻力的方程式,并用t检验法对相关参数进行了可信度分析,确定了较为准确的滚动阻力和空气阻力,同时验证了GB/T18352.3-2005和GB/T12545.1-2008中经验公式的局限性,从而为底盘测功机标定提供更为准确的行驶阻力。     

220万 t/a PTA项目萃取装置管线设计

选用PTA母液残渣回收技术,对220万t/a PTA项目萃取装置开展了详尽的管线设计研究。从工艺管线的走向到设备检修的通道均做了全面考量,并对设备泄放管线的配管技巧进行了明确阐述,同时对管线的支撑设计进行了整体规划。为配管设计人员提供管线设计思路,同时吸取国际先进工艺流程的设计经验,为工艺流程的开发研究提供帮助。     

200t级钢管拱肋节段卧式制作工艺

文章以合江长江一桥工程为例,推荐对200t级钢管拱肋节段采用卧式制作工艺;借助AUTO CAD软件三维制图功能完成图纸转换,选择通用筒节、斜筒节、过渡筒节分别划分方式进行主弦管筒节划分;介绍了筒节和单元件的制作工序,展示了制作图样及实物图片;通过拼装检验和实桥监测验证了卧拼工艺的正确合理性,为大桥的顺利完工提供了保障。     

秦沈客运专线570t箱梁制架设备的转场方案

秦沈客运专线570t箱梁制架设备复杂、体积大、重量大。安全和高效是转场方案的基本原则和主题，本文围绕以上两点对架桥机、运梁车、提梁机的解体及运输方案进行阐述。     

458t超重车通行大跨度石板拱桥载荷试验与分析

本文在理论验证的基础上,通过等效荷载试验和模拟通行试验的方法,得出458t大件运输车直接通行该桥是不安全的,需要增设钢管拱肋的加固处理的结论。对类似工程具有参考价值,对旧桥,危桥的改造及应用具有重要的指导意义。     

通过I/M制度对在用车排放控制的实践

随着社会经济的不断发展,城市汽车拥有量的飞速增长,汽车排放污染物已经成为我国许多城市面临的重要问题.在城市中的污染源已经由煤烟型转化为汽车排放为主,因此,控制在用车的排放并淘汰高排放汽车已经成为大家的共识.利用I/M制度来控制高排放的在用车是当前世界上广泛应用的措施.     

Bus crime in Los Angeles: I—Measuring the incidence

Based on a large study of bus crime in Los Angeles, this article discusses a method for estimating the number of transit crimes and examines sources of information loss within existing transit crime statistics. Using data from a victimization survey of 1088 households in west central Los Angeles, it was estimated that there were about 23,000 bus and bus-related crimes occurring in the survey area during 1983. This is 25 to 30 times the number reported by the Southern California Rapid Transit District for their entire service area. Comparisons with the 1980 census were made to evaluate bias in the sample, and it was found that the sample has probably underestimated the total amount of bus crime in the survey area. Results consistent with Los Angeles Police Department records was shown. Bus and bus-related crimes account for 20 to 30% of all crimes experienced by the central city population. Major sources of information loss are (a) crimes occurring outside buses, but during a trip; (b) non-reporting of crimes by victims; (c) non-response by police even when crimes were reported; and (d) statistical “loss” from reports taken by local police; local police do not categorize crimes by transit use. It was recommended that transit agencies cross-classify existing police reports for more accurate information. Local police should be encouraged to systematically collect data on transit behavior for both victims and assailants.     

杭州湾跨海大桥1430t／50m超大型箱梁预制工艺

本文针对杭州湾跨海大桥X标1430t／50m超大型箱梁预制总体施工方案、梁场规划、大型临时设施、模板工程、混凝土工程、预应力工程、钢筋工程和箱梁地面运输，介绍箱梁预制过程中各主要分项工程的施工方法、工艺和体会。     

A systematic review of disability’s treatment in the active school travel and children’s independent mobility literatures

While various forms of social difference (e.g. gender, age, race/ethnicity, and class) have been engaged in the active school travel (AST) and children’s independent mobility (CIM) literatures, one form has gone largely unconsidered: disability. Disregard for disability within these literatures is troubling, as it leaves children’s experiences of disability associated with independent mobility and school travel unquestioned, which in turn helps to allow their experiences of exclusion to persist. This paper presents a systematic review of the AST and CIM literatures that was undertaken with a view to providing insight into three questions. (1) To what extent is disability considered in the literatures in comparison to other forms of social difference? (2) How is disability engaged? (3) How could disability be approached differently such that experiences of children (and their households) living with disability are better accounted for moving forward (e.g. provided with equitable travel/mobility options)? Following a detailed consideration of the systematic review process, this paper presents figures and tables showing the extent to which disability has been considered in the two literatures in relation to other forms of social difference. To show how transport scholars and others are engaging disability, 29 studies were identified for in-depth, qualitative review. These studies are summarized and then discussed in relation to their geographic focus, the forms of disability they considered, their treatment of children’s perspective and agency, and the disability perspectives they employed. It is suggested that disability and its relationships with other forms of social difference, as well as the largely unquestioned normalcy of children’s disability experiences, warrant further inquiry within the AST and CIM literatures. We propose that drawing upon a critical ableist studies perspective may be useful for any such inquiry due to its focus on ableism and normalcy, as well as its recognition of the complex intersectionality of disability experiences.