四川省构建现代综合交通运输体系战略研究

论文结合四川交通运输发展现状,分析了存在的主要问题,根据经济社会发展对交通运输的新要求,研究了四川省现代综合交通运输体系的内涵特征,提出了由"一个网络(综合交通运输基础设施网络),两个系统(人本化客运服务系统、物流化货运服务系统),三个平台(综合交通运输信息服务平台、安全保障平台、行业管理平台)"构成的体系构架,同时研究提出了构建现代综合交通运输体系的发展目标、发展路径和发展任务,并提出相关建议措施。     

交通运输行业能耗统计监测平台设计

构建一个基于Internet网络的数据平台,综合利用抽样数据填报、实时能耗数据监测两种手段,基于影响能耗和排放的相关因素,分类统计和计算交通运输业能耗及排放数据.利用该统计监测平台,可全面、准确掌握交通运输业,以及各子类行业能耗结构.结合交通运输行业内不同产业结构,以及行业内生产能耗结构,为能耗评价提供判断基础和借鉴,为行业的发展决策提供依据和指导.     

基于Web的隧道工程建设安全风险可视化研究

隧道工程建设过程中存在地质勘测及施工管理不到位等情况,隧道塌方等事故时有发生,对施工人员的生命安全造成极大威胁。文章通过引入贝叶斯网络(Bayesian Network,BN)方法,综合利用历史事故案例数据库和专家经验数据,建立了塌方风险分析模型,以定量化的风险发生概率为风险基准设定了隧道施工的容许位移量和容许位移速率,并提出了基于Web平台的隧道工程建设安全风险可视化系统,实现了隧道施工过程中变形的实时监测、变形预测和现场安全风险预警可视化。该系统在工程中的实际运用,表明所提出的理论方法与系统具有工程预警实用效果。     

分布式光纤测温系统在铁路隧道中的应用

文章基于分布式光纤测温系统的特点,结合成渝客专元宝山隧道温度监测示范工程研究实例,对该监测系统的设备选型、安装进行了分析说明,并通过点火试验对该监测系统的实际效果进行了验证。结果表明,该系统可进行连续、动态、实时的温度监测,能有效预警和准确定位火灾发生,达到火灾灾情监测的目的,为抢险救护及灾情评估提供科学依据。     

西部地区公路地质灾害监测预报技术研究

“西部地区公路地质灾害监测预报技术研究”项目针对西部地区公路地质灾害危险性区划、滑坡、崩塌与泥石流监测预报及地质灾害安全管理等关键技术问题进行深入系统研究,形成了公路滑坡、崩塌与泥石流监测预报成套技术,建立了公路地质灾害数据标准,构建了“基于GIS的公路地质灾害监测预报信息系统”平台,实现了公路地质灾害监测实时分析处理和动态预报,为地质灾害综合管理提供技术支撑。     

上海轨道交通网络运营设备维护管理系统设计概述

从上海轨道交通全网络安全运营的实际需求出发,概述了网络化运营情况下设备维护管理系统的功能特点,详细分析和探讨了从城市轨道交通设备维护系统的应用及网络和软件架构的设计特点。     

微探Excel数据分析法在地铁监测中的应用

随着国家经济建设的逐渐推进,我国轨道交通建设在安全监测中显得至关重要,促进地铁建设监测部门的工作更加科学推进,针对建设安全管理的服务对象,提出了系统架构和功能设计总体方案,并对监测数据采集、安全预警分级分类、基于Excel数据分析法等关键技术进行实践与探讨。因此,本文将以Excel数据分析法阐述在城市轨道交通建设安全监测中的应用,通过对地铁监测行业的发展现状进行阐述,探讨地铁建设监测技术服务单位对Excel数据分析法的特点,进而给出具体应用。     

山东省高速公路联网收费系统安全对策

结合山东省高速公路联网收费系统建设实施,对联网收费系统的通信网络、硬件系统、软件系统、数据传输、通行费清分等安全对策的应用进行了介绍.     

基于IOT应用的智慧交通建设现场质量安全巡检系统设计与实现

本文依托于贵州省纳雍至赫章高速公路监理项目,结合智能传感、无线传输、北斗定位、移动互联、Web等新型物联网技术,设计了一款基于IOT智能穿戴设备的交通建设现场质量安全主动巡检系统平台,对智慧交通建设现场质量安全巡检系统背景、设计、实现以及应用分别进行了介绍。研究成果对提升公路建设质量安全智能监管水平、减少质量安全监督人员支出具有参考作用,同时也为公路建设质量安全大数据分析奠定了基础。     

城市轨道交通工程建设安全风险监控信息系统研究

运用现代信息技术对轨道交通工程建设的安全风险进行实时监控,是对地下工程安全风险进行科学管控的有效手段之一。文章依据城市轨道交通工程安全风险管理体系和管控技术标准研制了专业信息化管理平台,该平台综合了工程参建各方所提供的各种数据和资料,利用物联网、云计算、网络通讯和GIS等现代技术,通过人工监测、实时监测、现场巡视和视频监控四种监控方式对地下工程安全状况进行监控;平台集软、硬件于一体并涵盖监测巡视、评估预警与响应处置等管理要素。在技术和管理两个方面实现了全面的工程安全风险控制方案。     

Smartphones as an integrated platform for monitoring driver behaviour: The role of sensor fusion and connectivity

Nowadays, more than half of the world’s web traffic comes from mobile phones, and by 2020 approximately 70 percent of the world’s population will be using smartphones. The unprecedented market penetration of smartphones combined with the connectivity and embedded sensing capability of smartphones is an enabler for the large-scale deployment of Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS). On the downside, smartphones have inherent limitations such as relatively limited energy capacity, processing power, and accuracy. These shortcomings may potentially limit their role as an integrated platform for monitoring driver behaviour in the context of ITS. This study examines this hypothesis by reviewing recent scientific contributions. The Cybernetics theoretical framework was employed to allow a systematic comparison. First, only a few studies consider the smartphone as an integrated platform. Second, a lack of consistency between the approaches and metrics used in the literature is noted. Last but not least, areas such as fusion of heterogeneous information sources, Deep Learning and sparse crowd-sensing are identified as relatively unexplored, and future research in these directions is suggested.     

Characteristics of particulate matter (PM) concentrations influenced by piston wind and train door opening in the Shanghai subway system

More than 9 million passengers take Shanghai’s subway system every work day. The system’s air quality has caused widespread concern because of the potential harm to passengers’ health. We measured the particulate matter (PM) concentrations at three kinds of typical underground platform (side-type, island-type, and stacked-type platforms) and inside the trains in Shanghai’s metro during 7 days of measurements in April and July 2015. Our results demonstrated that the patterns of air quality variation and PM concentrations were similar at the side-type and island-type platforms. We also found that the PM concentrations were higher on the platforms than inside the train and that the PM concentrations in the subway system were positively correlated with those in the ambient air. Piston wind generated by vehicle motion pushes air from the tunnel to the platform, so platform PM concentrations increase when trains approach the platform. However, the piston wind effect varies greatly between locations on the platform. In general, the effect of the piston wind is weaker at the middle of the platform than at both ends. PM concentrations inside the train increase after the doors open, during which time dirty platform air floods into the compartments. PM_1.0 and PM_2.5 were significantly correlated both inside the train and on the platforms. PM_1.0 accounted for 71.9% of PM_2.5 inside the train, which is higher than the corresponding platform values. Based on these results, we propose some practical suggestions to minimize air pollution damage to passengers and staff from the subway system.     

A scalable communication middleware for real-time data collection of dangerous goods vehicle activities

Recently, real-time monitoring of Dangerous Goods Transport has drawn a lot of attention, thanks to its capability to provide a better visibility on dynamically moving vehicles, particularly through a Web Mapping application. Yet, one of the challenges to be faced designing such a system is an effective architecture for real-time collection of telemetry and event data conveyed by the vehicle on-board system, such the Global Positioning System coordinates. In this paper, we have focused on optimizing the process for managing a large quantity of data transmitted via network sockets that use the Transmission Control Protocol. Then we prove the process efficiency through performance and scalability tests. The middleware is being implemented as a part of a project that aims to monitor the Italian petrochemical company Eni’s oil trucks shipment along Europe and USA territories.     

How to restrain participants opt out in shared parking market? A fair recurrent double auction approach

We propose a fair recurrent double VCG (FRD-VCG) auction mechanism to approach the emerging shared parking management problem. In a given shared parking environment with a parking management platform and a double-side perspective, the proposed mechanism considers how to restrain the potential participants (parking slot demanders and slot suppliers) opt out, which is based on the participants’ priority attributes and are calculated with respect to historic auction records provided by the parking platform. Participants’ fairness bids are then generated combining their priority attributes and their submitted bids (bid price and parking time) with the support of a novel evaluation function, which integrates priority attributes, bid price and parking time into an output value. The parking slot allocation rule and transaction payment rule are further designed to dealing with these issues include winner determination and price setting, respectively. Simulations show advantages of the proposed FRD-VCG mechanism, i.e., comparing with the double VCG (D-VCG) mechanism for the shared parking management problem where priority attributes and evaluation function are not considered, the proposed FRD-VCG mechanism has the potential to persuade participants to remain in the market whilst it improves the market’s retention rate, the parking slot’s utilization rate and the participants’ utilities.     

Technology engagement and privacy: A cluster analysis of reported social network use among transport survey respondents

New technologies are constantly being researched and developed to improve the sense of security of transport users. However, security technologies could also pose their own risks with regard to transport users’ privacy through the potential for data collection and storage. Transport, in particular, allows the data collector potential access to information on the users’ habits through the location information that could be collected during an individual’s interaction with technology during their travels. Some technologies, such as personal security apps (which essentially turn a smartphone into a type of panic alarm) also allow for the linking of the security technology and social networking apps. Given this link and the extent to which personal data, including location data, can be included in an individual’s social networking account, it was decided to investigate if the use of social networks could be related to individuals’ opinions on the use of their data through new technologies, such as personal security apps. This paper presents an exploration of the possibility of grouping respondents to a transport survey (N = 469) based on their answers to questions on their social networking (SNS) use. It was hypothesised that if distinct groups exist within the SNS data, then they could be used as a supplementary personal variable for underlying privacy concerns and levels of engagement with technology in future transport studies. This would be in addition to the socio-demographic information collected in the survey. This paper presents the initial dimension reduction of the response variables to create composite variables. That is followed by the exploratory clustering of responses using two-step cluster analysis. Finally, the paper discusses the hypothesis testing of the resultant clusters against the socio-demographic responses to ascertain if additional information is provided by the clustering results. The transport survey responses were collected in Ireland, and a subset of responses, from the Greater Dublin Area, were used for the analysis in this paper. The results demonstrate that there is scope for this type of method to be used when researching new security technologies in transport.     

Managing corporate social responsibility strategies of airports: The case of Taiwan’s Taoyuan International Airport Corporation

Airports need to manage corporate social responsibility (CSR) strategies for sustainable development. This paper develops a new structured approach for airports to evaluate, prioritize and categorize CSR strategies, using Taiwan’s Taoyuan International Airport Corporation (TIAC) as an example. Based on TIAC’s CSR-related activities, 18 CSR strategies grouped into 5 CSR goals (corporate governance and finance, green airport and environmental management, service quality and social relationship, employee and work environment management, and safety and security) are identified using the CSR value chain and diamond framework. The pairwise comparison method used in analytic hierarchy process and the decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory method are used respectively to evaluate the relative importance, feasibility and achievability of these 18 strategies and to analyze their causal relationships via expert questionnaire surveys. A new method is developed to plan and manage the implementation of CSR strategies by incorporating the viewpoints of both internal and external stakeholders, thus reflecting the practical effects and strategic implications of the CSR implementation. The result suggests that TIAC’s CSR strategies in relation to airport safety and security, service quality and corporate governance are most significant and have a high implementation priority. This paper contributes to the airport industry and CSR research by proposing a proactive mechanism for quantitatively evaluating, prioritizing and categorizing CSR strategies.     

软土地区轨道交通地下车站标准断面的结构设计与探讨

通过建筑功能比选、结构内力分析及工程经济比较,对采用明挖施工12m宽站台单柱双跨和9m宽站台无柱单跨方案进行了可行性分析和探讨,以期为其它类似工程提供参考和借鉴。     

基于LVQ网络的城市交通安全态势评估模型研究

文章基于城市交通安全态势评估的重要性,提出了一个比较完善的城市道路网交通安全态势评估系统总体框架,构建了基于LVQ网络的宏观城市交通安全态势评估模型,并采用Matlab7.0语言对该模型进行了仿真分析。仿真结果表明该模型能够对城市宏观交通的安全态势进行评价。     

Fatigue in transport: a review of exposure,risks, checks and controls*

Human fatigue continues to threaten safe transport. There are claims that employers of operators should do more to mitigate the risks, and several regulators are promoting fatigue-risk management in the context of safety management systems (SMS). The current paper reviews fatigue-related risk and exposure factors and control measures for operators of land- and sea-based transport forms. Our review identifies 13 types of measures for the monitoring or control of fatigue risks: optimal staffing; optimal schedule design; optimisation of breaks/naps; monitoring of actual hours worked; optimisation of work content; monitoring and feedback of actual sleep; health screening and treatment; promotion of recovery from work; fitness-for-duty testing; monitoring of fatigue symptoms while operating; control of fatigue while operating; performance monitoring and assistance; and fatigue-proofing. We also identify two systemic measures needed to anchor risk mitigation in SMS: organisational learning and training/other. By structuring monitoring and control measures along Dawson and McCulloch’s [Managing fatigue: It’s about sleep. Sleep Medicine Reviews, 9(5), 365–380] fatigue-risk trajectory, a framework is obtained that acts as a guide for fatigue-risk management by transport employers. To inform transport managers further, evaluations are needed of the effectiveness of individual control measures as well as whole fatigue-risk management interventions.     

Quantifying individuals’ trade-offs between privacy,liberty and security: The case of rail travel in UK

Public transport systems have been targets in several terrorist attacks, notably in recent years, resulting in tight security measures worldwide. However, individuals’ privacy and liberty often conflict with efforts towards safety and security, making it difficult to assess the implications of security measures balanced against the costs (e.g., citizens may be stopped, searched and asked to provide personal identification data to authorities without any particular reason). Henceforth, our research question asks, “to what extent would people sacrifice their right to privacy and liberty in exchange for potentially safer and more secure travel?” This paper uses a stated choice experiment to quantify individuals’ trade-offs between privacy and security within a real-life context, namely rail travel in the UK. Using a nationwide sample, the empirical analysis yields the importance of improvements in the security infrastructure and identifies areas of concern with regard to privacy and liberty controlling for travel related factors. Further, trade-offs across different security measures for rail travel are quantified in terms of individuals’ willingness-to-pay extra on top of the average ticket price.