Sirtuin Functions in the Brain：From Physiological to Pathological Aspects

Sirtuins are a family of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide(NAD+) dependent deacetylases involved in multiple biological functions including metabolism, inflammation, stress resistance and aging. In mammals,there are seven members(Sirt1—Sirt7), with diversities in their subcellular localizations and enzymatic activities.Here, we review the functions of sirtuins, with a focus on their roles in normal brain physiology such as neural development regulation, body homeostasis maintenance, and memory formation. We also discuss the role of sirtuins in a variety of brain diseases including stroke, Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and motor neuron dysfunction.Because of the emerging functions of sirtuins in brain physiology and pathology, drugs targeting sirtuins may offer potential therapeutic values for brain disorders.     

Wavelet-Based Hybrid Thresholding Method for Ultrasonic Liver Image Denoising

This paper presents a wavelet-based hybrid threshold method according to the soft- and hard-threshold functions proposed by Donoho. The wavelet-based hybrid threshold method may help doctors to know more details on the liver disease through denoising the ultrasound image of the liver. First of all, an analytical expression for the hybrid threshold function is discussed. The wavelet-based hybrid threshold method is then investigated for ultrasound image of the liver. Finally, we test the influence of this parameter on the proposed method with the real ultrasound image corrupted by speckle noise with different variances. Moreover, we compare the proposed method under the varying parameters with the soft-threshold function and the hard-threshold function. Three metrics, which are correlation coefficient, edge preservation index and structural similarity index, are measured to quantify the denoised results of ultrasound liver image. Experimental results demonstrate the potential of the proposed method for ultrasound liver image denosing.     

Simplified Group Search Optimizer Algorithm for Large Scale Global Optimization

A simplified group search optimizer algorithm denoted as"SGSO"for large scale global optimization is presented in this paper to obtain a simple algorithm with superior performance on high-dimensional problems.The SGSO adopts an improved sharing strategy which shares information of not only the best member but also the other good members,and uses a simpler search method instead of searching by the head angle.Furthermore,the SGSO increases the percentage of scroungers to accelerate convergence speed.Compared with genetic algorithm(GA),particle swarm optimizer(PSO)and group search optimizer(GSO),SGSO is tested on seven benchmark functions with dimensions 30,100,500 and 1 000.It can be concluded that the SGSO has a remarkably superior performance to GA,PSO and GSO for large scale global optimization.     

INVESTIGATION ON FRACTAL CHARACTERISTICS OF WORN SURFACES OF POLYMER TAPES BY SAND DUST PARTICLES

Objective To characterize the abrasive wear of polymer tapes in ATM （Auto Teller Machine） servicing in sand dust environment. Aethods The abrasive wear experiment of polymer tapes, PEN （polyethylene-2, 6-naphthalenedicarboxylate） and PI （polyimide）, by sand dust particles is performed in ATM tribosystem. The fractal characteristics of the worn surface of polymer tapes and the corresponding wear mechanisms are examined. ReSults As main results, the worn surfaces of polymer tapes show bi-fractal characteristics, and PI tape shows higher fractal dimensions and finer wear profiles than PEN tape. Wear mechanism examination shows macro and micro ploughing and cutting grooves and micro fracture characters, which gives reasonable explanation of bi-fractal character of worn polymer tapes. Conclusion Worn polymer tape shows fractal character and bi-fractal can be used in accurately characterizing the abrasive wear of polymer tapes of ATM in sand dust environment.     

One construction of chameleon all-but-one trapdoor functions

Chameleon all-but-one trapdoor functions （ABO-TDFs） were introduced by Lai et al. An important component of the existing constructions of chameleon ABO-TDFs based on the decisional Diffie-Hellman （DDH） assumption was the chameleon hash functions. In this paper, we instantiate the first chameleon ABO-TDFs based on DDH free of chameleon hash functions.     

Wave Number Method for Three-Dimensional Steady-State Acoustic Problems

Based on the indirect Trefftz approach, a wave number method (WNM) is proposed to deal with three-dimensional steady-state acoustic problems. In the WNM, the dynamic pressure response variable is approximated by a set of wave functions, which exactly satisfy the Helmholtz equation. The set of wave functions comprise the exact solutions of the homogeneous part of the governing equations and some particular solution functions. The unknown coefficients of the wave functions can be obtained by enforcing the pressure approximation to satisfy the boundary conditions. Compared with the boundary element method (BEM), the WNM have a smaller system matrix, and is applicable to the radiation problems since the wave functions are independent of the domain size. A 3D acoustic cavity is exemplified to show the properties of the method. The results show that the wave number method is more efficient than the BEM, and it is fairly accurate.     

DESIGN OF A SECURE FRAMEWORK TO SECURELY EXCHANGE(XML-BASED)DOCUMENTS OVER THE INTERNET

IntroductionWeb- based exchange documents over the In-ternet are very low cost that enables companies toengage in low cost transaction over the Internet.Electronic commerce becomes clearer with eachpassing day that a new generation of electroniccommerce security systems is beginning to emergewith new priorities and higher value- added require-ments.We design XML security system thatprovidesXML signature functions,XML Encryption func-tions,smart card based crypto API functions andPublic …     

ARTIFICIAL IMMUNE ALGORITHM OF MULTICELLULAR GROUP AND ITS CONVERGENCE

Objective To find out more extrema simultaneously including global optimum and multiple local optima existed in multi-modal functions. Methods Germinal center is the generator and selector of high-affinity B cells, a multicellular group＇s artificial immune algorithm was proposed based on the germinal center reaction mechanism of natural immune systems. Main steps of the algorithm were given, including hyper-mutation, selection, memory, similarity suppression and recruitment of B cells and the convergence of it was proved. Results The algorithm has been tested to optimize various multi-modal functions, and the simulation results show that the artificial immune algorithm proposed here can find multiple extremum of these functions with lower computational cost. Conclusion The algorithm is valid and can converge on the satisfactory solution set D with probability 1 and approach to global solution and many local optimal solutions existed.     

Power transformer fault diagnosis model based on rough set theory with fuzzy representation

Objective Due to the incompleteness and complexity of fault diagnosis for power transformers, a comprehensive rough-fuzzy scheme for solving fault diagnosis problems is presented. Fuzzy set theory is used both for representation of incipient faults＇ indications and producing a fuzzy granulation of the feature space. Rough set theory is used to obtain dependency rules that model indicative regions in the granulated feature space. The fuzzy membership functions corresponding to the indicative regions, modelled by rules, are stored as cases. Results Diagnostic conclusions are made using a similarity measure based on these membership functions. Each case involves only a reduced number of relevant features making this scheme suitable for fault diagnosis. Conclusion Superiority of this method in terms of classification accuracy and case generation is demonstrated.     

On Derived Functions of English Progressive Tense

By analysing example sentences, this paper puts forward an idea that English progressive tense has some derived functions apart from its basic usage, which we can use to express or take in ideas more accurately.     

Poincaré Inequalities on a Countable Set E and Ω={x:0≤x_i≤a, i=1,2,…,n}

IntroductionPoincaréinequalitiesarewidelyappliedinmanyfieldssuchasstochasticanalysis,functionalanalysisandeigenvalueestimate. AlotofresultsaboutPoincaréinequalitieshavebeenobtained[1-4], mostofthemwerebasedontheboundeddomaininndimen sionalEuclideanspace…     

Central pattern generator based gait control for planar quadruped robots

In this paper, a gait control scheme is presented for planar quadruped robots based on a biologic concept, namely central pattern generator （CPG）. A CPG is modeled as a group of the coupled nonlinear oscillators with an interaction weighting matrix which determines the gait patterns. The CPG model, mapping functions and a proportional-differential （PD） joint controller compose the basic gait generator. By using the duty factor of gait patterns as a tonic signal, the activity of the CPG model can be modulated, and as a result, a smooth transition between different gait patterns is achieved. Moreover, by tuning the parameters of the CPG model and mapping functions, the proposed basic gait generator can realize adaptive workspace trajectories for the robot to suit different terrains. Simulation results illustrate and validate the effectiveness of the proposed gait controllers.     

A note on a provable secure encryption scheme

A Cramer-Shoup scheme was modified in a variant way.The major advantage with respect to Kurosawa-Desmedt scheme is that it saves a key parameter and produces shorter ciphertext.The proof of security shows that our scheme can be instantiated with any computational secure key derivation and message authentication functions.Thus it extends the applicability of the Kurosawa-Desmedt scheme and improves its effciency.     

Application of Wireless Monitoring System to Structural Health Monitoring of Long-Spanned Cable-Stayed Bridge

Introduction Owning to the immense investment and longdesign period, the safety of bridges has great effectson the national economy. Nowadays, as the long-spanned bridges are designed to be more flexible andlighter, and their styles and functions become m…     

Unexpected roles of long non-coding RNAs in cancer biology

Recent studies show that long non-coding RNAs （lncRNAs） play important roles in the regulation of various biological processes, including chromatin remodeling, dosage-compensation, imprinting, and epigenetic regulation. Aberrant expression of lncRNAs is involved in many complex human diseases, including cancer. In this review, we summarized recent progress on lncRNAs detection methodology with emphasis on their functions and potential implication in cancer diagnosis and therapy.     

A simplified analysis method for the lateral deformation of braced excavations

Pile-anchor retaining structure is widely used in foundation pit engineering and side slope engineering in many countries. In contrast to strut, pile-anchor retaining structure has its typical features and advantages. It does not occupy the internal space of the foundation pit, and the project cost is much lower. Accurate prediction of the lateral displacement of the retaining structure is very important in the design stage. A simplified analysis method and several calculation assumptions of the lateral deformation of pile-anchor retaining structures are set up according to the engineering features. The expression function of lateral displacement versus depth is solved by means of a fitted function and the quasi-elastic summation method. The parameters are obtained through the stiffness equation of the anchors and the principle of minimum potential energy. The analytical evaluation of the lateral deformation curve is then completed, whose applicability is proved through practical engineering.     

Dynamic Stress and Pore Pressure Around Circular Cavity in Saturated Porous Elastic Half-space Under Harmonic Plane Dilatational Waves

Dynamic stress concentration and pore pressure concentration around an infinitely long cylindrical cavity of circular cross-section subjected to harmonic plane dilatational waves in fluid-saturated porous elastic half-space were obtained by a complex function method based on potential function and multi-polar coordinate. The steady state Biot‘s dynamic field equations of porous elastic solid with a viscous liquid were uncoupled into Helmholtz equations via given potential functions. A circular cavity with large radius is used to replace the straight boundary of the saturated porous elastic half-space. The stresses and pore pressures were obtained by using complex functions in multi-polar coordinates with certain boundary conditions of the solid matrix and the fluid matrix. The approximate solutions were compared to existing numerical solutions. Then the variations of the coefficients of dynamic stress concentration and the pore pressures concentration on boundaries of the cavity were discussed with different parameter conditions. The results of the given numerical example indicate that the method used is useful and efficient to the scattering and dynamic stress concentration of plane dilatational waves in saturated porous elastic half-space.     

Structure analysis of levitation chassis of medium-to-low speed maglev vehicles based on left-right decoupling

Levitation chassis,as an extremely important component of maglev vehicles,provides functions of transmitting levitation force and steering force,and directly affects the safety performance of the vehic...     

H_∞ Autopilot Design for Autonomous Underwater Vehicles

The design approach of H∞ autopilot for autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs) is proposed. Comprised by the three sub-controllers,i.e. speed,heading and depth controllers,the designed autopilot has advantage over existing H∞ control of AUVs. The overshoot in speed,heading and depth control systems under step commands is restricted by refining the weighting function for robust stability. The dynamic performance of heading and depth control systems is improved by feeding back yaw rate and pitch angle,respecti...     

Robust Parameter Coordination for Multidisciplinary Design

Introduction The essence of multidisciplinary design pro-cess is how to coordinate all the constraints dis-tributed in various disciplines to maintain the con-sistency between product specifications and designvariables. The functions of coordination are to findpotential conflicts, and to provide valid solutions.Young et al[1,2]studied constraint network formodeling and developed several applicable con-straint systems[3-5]. Kannapan et al[6]introduced adesign diagram to represent parametric des…