The gender perspective in maritime education and training

The aim of this article is to show if and how European maritime education and training institutions have met the increasing enrolment of women, and how shipping in general has reacted to gender equality. WMU has partly been the source for finding data related to studies in a multicultural and gender (minority) mixture of students and professors. In addition to a questionnaire to maritime education and training institutions, unstructured conversations with WMU students and professors have contributed to fact findings. Apparently, there is more to be done in order to have women compete on a level playing field in the sphere of shipping. Shipping is historically male dominated and conservative, so it is well understood that there are ropes to be untied. In this article, there are examples on how stakeholders in society have introduced policies on how to meet diversities. It is recommended that universities seriously pursue this trend. I wish to appeal to educational institutions to publish a university policy on the gender perspective and diversity management in general. The policy must be in writing in order for staff and students to understand and remember the content of the policy. This is an issue that should follow the quality assurance aims and goals and should be posted in a public place within the university’s premises for everybody to be reminded.     

航海教育校企合作机制的构建

分析造成中国船员数量不足和质量不高的三个关键性因素,提出航运界应与航海类院校合作共同培养以行业和市场需要为导向的航运人才,并建议主管部门针对未介入航海教育的航运企业建立起相应的机制,以促使其承担对航海教育应尽的义务。     

Vocational and academic approaches to maritime education and training (MET): Trends,challenges and opportunities

Traditional seafarer training has always focused on the acquisition and use of practical skills. The prevailing view is that, while this approach addresses a degree of cognitive skills, it focuses on and gives much more emphasis to the acquisition of hands-on practical skills for the performance of specific tasks. On the other hand, academic education has been seen to be much more focused on the development of in-depth analytical and critical thinking skills; cognitive skills that are less reliant on hands-on task-oriented training, but stress critical reading and discussion. The global trend in maritime education and training is increasingly to link an essentially vocational education that provides specific and restricted competence outcomes with more general or deeper academic components leading to an academic qualification. This trend has led to some dilemmas for curriculum development, for training legislation in a global industry, and for achieving desired learning outcomes in a professional setting (in the shipping industry). This paper discusses some of the challenges arising from this trend and the opportunities the trend offers.     

如何正确处理海事监管与船舶代理的关系

随着我国航运业的快速发展，在沿海港口成立了许多“船务代理公司”．习惯称作船舶代理。如何处理海事监管与船舶代理之间的关系。成为海事机构当前面临的一个新课题。     

海事“十一五”成就之二:畅谈海事发展

本刊采用访谈的形式,专访各个层面的专家,畅谈海事"十一五"期间在各个方面取得的辉煌成就和成功经验。     

“海巡31”船:全国首个省级流动爱国主义教育基地

2010年12月10日,珠海高栏海巡基地彩旗飘扬,由广东省委宣传部、广东海事局联合举办的广东省爱国主义教育基地——"海巡31"船揭牌仪式隆重举行。"海巡31"船被命名为全国首个流动的爱国主义教育基地,此举将对引导广大民众特别是青少年走进海事、认识海洋,维护海权、弘扬爱国精神发挥重要的作用。     

中国海员资源以及航海教育的对策分析

面临国际市场新形势对中国船员的挑战，从而对中国航海教育提出了新的要求。航海院校与航运企业“订单式”培养和合作办学是培养航海人才重要的途径和教育模式。文章从船员市场资源现状入手，对我国航海教育的现状、内容、对策和值得注意的问题作了简扼的分析。     

海事“十一五”成就之四:数字见证成就

"十一五"是我国海事事业发展不平凡的五年,也是水上安全监管卓有成效的五年。为了更直观地展示这些成就,我们用数字将其呈现出来。     

全力推进新时期海（水）上搜救工作

2008年5月15至16日，2008年全国海上搜救中心办公室工作会议在上海召开。中国海上搜救中心常务副主任刘功臣、副主任宋家慧出席会议并作重要指示。直属海事、救捞系统和地方海事负责搜救工作的负责同志参加会议，并进行了经验交流。     

Game-based learning for maritime education and training: the case of Trader of the World

For educational and/or training purposes, games are often described as multimodal texts, where signs, gestures, images, habits, behaviors, sounds, etc. have different meanings according to the way and the context they are represented. During their execution, a large variety of strategies can be employed; images, words, sounds, music, movement, and even bodily sensations can provide the necessary factors. More importantly, when games are integrated in an educational (or training) activity, it is essential to record solid evidence that the targeted learning outcome is achieved. Game-based learning (GBL) for seafarers is a multifactor domain combining educational psychology, learning theories, instructional design, computer game technology, and last but not least, research in the maritime field. In order to create the appropriate framework, there is a need to combine three different scientific areas (education design, computer science, and maritime education and training (MET)) towards the proper game design. In these types of games, the design process includes an extremely important task: embedding suitable educational approaches and instructional techniques for specific learning outcomes and student profiles into the scenario, so that the game will be played without losing the fun and attractive part of it. In the current analysis, a framework for GBL that is applicable for 200 maritime professionals is presented; the specific application is related to navigational safety training, and the respective framework is a 3D real-time strategy game called “Trader of the World” (TotW-alpha version). The game is designed for already competent adult seafarers as well as undergraduate students of maritime academies/institutions and it is applied in nonformal educational settings. A demonstration of this game has already taken place at the undergraduate level; results, evaluations, and opinions provided by the participants were used as the basis for discussion.     

海事“十一五”成就之三:盘点精彩五年

本刊编辑部以年度为轴线,分别对2006年至2010年的海事亮点工作进行盘点,以此回顾海事"十一五"的波澜壮阔。     

高职类航海教育资源短缺与加强校企合作问题的研究

教学资源是指为实现人才培养目标而实施的各种教学活动所提供的物质条件、人力条件、环境条件等。我国的航海类高职院校资源短缺问题严重阻碍了学校的发展和人才培养质量,文章在对高职航海教育资源短缺现状进行分析的基础上,提出通过校企合作来弥补校内资源不足的现实与途径。     

The impact of the new onboard technologies on maritime education and training schemes in Europe: some findings from the 'METHAR' project

The paper reports some analyses put forward in the context of the METHAR Project. The purpose is the evaluation of the impact of the new technologies used onboard ships on the Maritime Education and Training systems in Europe and the identification of the future training needs. This issue is tackled by developing an ad-hoc methodology based upon the analysis of the responses to questionnaires sent to a number of operators involved in the maritime sector all over Europe, specifically ship owners, marine equipment manufacturers, pilots and port managers. Results enable the identification of some types of impacts that are named ‘organizational’ and ‘operational’. Moreover, a general evaluation scheme was developed as a tool for highlighting the structure and the characteristics of the impacts considered.     

The impact of the new onboard technologies on maritime education and training schemes in Europe: some findings from the 'METHAR' project

The paper reports some analyses put forward in the context of the METHAR Project. The purpose is the evaluation of the impact of the new technologies used onboard ships on the Maritime Education and Training systems in Europe and the identification of the future training needs. This issue is tackled by developing an ad-hoc methodology based upon the analysis of the responses to questionnaires sent to a number of operators involved in the maritime sector all over Europe, specifically ship owners, marine equipment manufacturers, pilots and port managers. Results enable the identification of some types of impacts that are named 'organizational' and 'operational'. Moreover, a general evaluation scheme was developed as a tool for highlighting the structure and the characteristics of the impacts considered.     

论海上搜救任务协调员（SMC）资格与职责

海上搜救任务协调员是海上搜救的组织者、策划者、指挥者、总结评估人,主导着收集、评估信息,制定行动方案,组织搜救力量实施救助．责任重大。因此,有必要对其资格与职责进行探讨。     

港口集装箱运输与区域经济发展互动关系研究——以长江三角洲港口群为例

利用生产函数增长模型及灰色关联分析方法,探讨了长三角地区港口集装箱吞吐量与区域经济之间的互动关系,定量计算两者之间存在的关联度及港口生产指标对于经济增长的贡献,对长三角港口群与区域经济协调发展进行针对性分析.     

Clustering and performance: the case of maritime clustering in The Netherlands

Over the last years, the concept of clustering has become a central concept for analysing the competitiveness of nations, industries and firms. The cluster concept can be usefully applied to study clustering of maritime activities. Maritime activities, such as shipping, shipbuilding and port and maritime services, are clearly geographically concentrated in a number of maritime clusters. Due to ongoing internationalization in these industries, the concentration of maritime activities in clusters is likely to increase. This observation leads to two important research questions: what are the advantages for firms to locate in clusters and what factors influence the development of maritime clusters? This study identifies four agglomeration economies that attract firms to cluster: a joint labour pool, a broad supplier and customer base, knowledge spillovers, and low transaction costs. Furthermore, it discusses the effects of aspects of the cluster structure, being the presence of internal competition, the heterogeneity of the cluster population, the entry and exit barriers, and the presence of (above mentioned) agglomeration effects. It also briefly discusses the important issue of cluster governance. This overview allows one to develop a theoretical framework to analyse clusters. In the empirical part, this framework is applied to the maritime cluster in The Netherlands. Based on empirical data, from surveys amongst firms in the maritime cluster, studies commissioned by the Dutch maritime Network and regional statistics, the presence of agglomeration economies in the cluster is shown. Secondly, it is shown that the cluster structure is beneficial for the performance. This paper finishes with conclusions and suggestions for further research.     

海峡两岸海事监管法律制度的冲突及解决

文中分析了海峡两岸海事监管法律制度发生冲突的原因及其可能产生的问题,以区际法律冲突解决理论为指导,结合海峡两岸实际,提出参加共同的海事条约、制定全国统一海事监管法律、签署两岸专门协议等三种解决两岸海事监管法律冲突的途径。     

The port and maritime industries in the post-2008 world: Challenges and opportunities

This article introduces the theme of this issue - the port and maritime industries in the post-2008 world - including its background and significance. A brief introduction on the contents of this issue is also given.