关于收费公路发展与政府规制的评述

本文对国外收费公路的发展、供给以及规制理论和规制现状进行梳理和评述,并结合国外成功经验分析我国收费公路如何进行发展与规制。     

加强收费公路项目成本控制提高还贷能力

在市场经济模式下,加强收费公路项目成本控制,对项目投资进行市场化运作,提高收费公路的还贷能力,是确保公路交通事业发展的又一重要保障。     

加强政府收费还贷公路资金监管问题的探讨

文章针对我国收费还贷公路在建设、运营、管理中存在的问题,提出加强政府收费还贷公路资金监管的具体措施,规范政府收费还贷公路资金管理行为,确保"贷款修路、收费还贷"政策落到实处,以促进收费公路的健康发展.     

农村公路交通安全管理亟待加强

农村公路的交通安全问题最近几年来呈上升趋势,已经成了交通运输安全的一个比较严重的问题。这几年,我们中国人民公安大学交通管理工程系在有关部门和企业的帮助下,对农村公路的交通安全做了一些调查,我们希望发现的一些问题能引起交通行业管理部门的注意,并采取一些切实的措施改变农村公路交通安全管理的现状。     

治超需要加强政府监管——专访深圳海格物流营销总经理陈家和

超载超限是影响货运市场秩序的一大难题,由于运输成本不断上涨,越来越多的货运企业不得不以超载超限的方式减少成本,而这恰恰形成了货运市场不公平的竞争环境,对于那些守法经营的货运企业而言,只能以其他的方式应对这种不公平。日前,深圳海格物流营销总经理陈家和就这个问题与本刊记者进行了探讨。超载超限有滋生土壤     

治超需要加强政府监管——专访深圳海格物流营销总经理陈家和

超载超限是影响货运市场秩序的一大难题,由于运输成本不断上涨,越来越多的货运企业不得不以超载超限的方式减少成本,而这恰恰形成了货运市场不公平的竞争环境,对于那些守法经营的货运企业而言,只能以其他的方式应对这种不公平。日前,深圳海格物流营销总经理陈家和就这个问题与本刊记者进行了探讨。     

收费公路彻底免费为时尚早

<正>2014年底,交通运输部发布公报说,2013年,全国收费公路车辆通行费总收入为3652亿元,总支出为4313亿元,整体亏损661亿。于是乎,全国各地一片惊呼:竟然亏损如此巨大!难以置信。纷纷提议,既然如此,还不如让收费公路立即回到公共产品属性上来,彻底免费好了。如能彻底免费,老百姓当然皆大欢喜,问题是,每年让财政为此多支     

浅谈收费公路收费管理

探讨如何科学管理收费公路,使其延长使用寿命,降低成本,提高收费公路使用效率.     

道路气象信息的局限与完善

高速公路都会面临冰雪雨雾的影响,每年花费在预防恶劣天气上的管理费巨大.各地高速公路管理机构虽都制定了预案来应对,但是效果不一,原因多出在气象信息的采集、处理、发布上.     

A contribution to environmentally friendly winter road maintenance: Optimizing road de-icing

This article deals with the specific road phenomenon in winter, when driving conditions suddenly become significantly worse, although the global weather conditions have not significantly altered. Recognizing and adjusting to such fast changing conditions has been one of the most difficult and demanding tasks for the winter road maintenance services. Nevertheless, it is known that some events can be predicted. The road temperature pattern is studied formally in terms of the road temperature function, thus enabling predictions about the temperature range on different road sections. It is claimed that the road temperature pattern is predictable when only a very small number of carefully chosen measuring spots are taken into account. Furthermore, the methodology of defining temperature measuring locations is described.     

Complementing distance based charges with discounted registration fees in the reform of road user charges: the impact for motorists and government revenue

The call for a congestion charge is getting louder and more frequent in many countries as major metropolitan areas experience increasing levels of road congestion. This is often accompanied by a recognition that governments need to find new sources of revenue to maintain existing road networks and to invest in new transport infrastructure. Although reform of road pricing is almost certain to occur at some time in the future in a number of countries, a key challenge is in selling the idea to the community of road users as well as a whole raft of interest groups that influence the views of society and politicians. Simply announcing a need for a congestion charge (often misleadingly called a tax) does little to progress the reform agenda. What is required is a carefully structured demonstration of what might be done to progressively introduce adjustments in road user charges that are seen as reducing the costs to motorists while ensuring no loss of revenue to government. In this paper we show, in the context of Sydney (Australia), that this can be achieved by the reform of registration fees in the presence of a distance-based charging regime that can deliver financial gains to motorists, with prospects of revenue growth to the State Treasury.     

民营客运渐行渐近

民营客运企业在发展壮大的过程中,拥有国有客运企业无可比拟的优势;一是机制灵活,对市场的敏感度强,反应能力快,管理效率高;二是人员少,负担轻,管理成本低;三是管理幅度和管理层次少,企业决策果断;四是易于打造自身形象品牌.随着道路客运市场不断深化改革,轻装上阵的民营客运企业,正以全新的经营理念,快步向我们走近.     

A dynamic approach to road freight flows modeling in Spain

This paper presents an innovative approach to analyzing road vehicle freight traffic that uses a dynamic panel data specification derived from a gravity model. This dynamic approach, which has recently been employed in international goods trade models in lieu of the traditional static specification, is applied to the case of Spain using data for the countrys 15 NUTS-3 regions between 1999 and 2009. Using the system general method of moments approach, we obtained significant evidence that the flow of vehicles carrying commodities by road has a strong persistence effect when controlling for unobserved heterogeneity. We also found that the quality of road transport infrastructure has a significant impact on vehicle trips. According to our findings, we suggest that this type of specification be employed in distribution models in which fixed effects and lags of the dependent variable are included to account for unobserved heterogeneity and persistence effects, respectively.     

Exposure of urban populations to road traffic noise in Hong Kong

This article examines the exposure of Hong Kong’s population to road traffic noise and whether there is class-biased inequality in this. The socio-economic characteristics of residents of public and private building are taken from census data and the noise exposure levels from 3-D noise mapping. Using decile plots and binary logistic regression analysis, we find that in general the socially deprived groups tend to live in building groups exposed to higher noise levels. This is particularly pronounced in private housing estates where older, less educated, those engaged in craftsman and elementary jobs, and non-owners of their dwellings are exposing to higher levels of traffic noise. Inequality is less conspicuous in public housing estates.     

An object-oriented approach to transport modelling: Software development to calculate road traffic noise

A framework for developing object-oriented software in transport modelling in proposed and demonstrated with the implementation of the calculation of road traffic noise (CORTN). Major tasks in the life cycle of an object-oriented development process are identified, and illustrated with the implementation of TRANSOOP – a software library containing 33,000 lines of C++ programming code. Software re-use from this library to produce a object-oriented noise program is compared with conventional computer programming shows that almost 90 per cent of the lines of code were drawn from TRANSOOP. Advantages of the object-oriented approach are discussed.