ABSTRACT

This paper deals with the re-orientation of general education at the universities and colleges in Greater China in the twenty-first century. It is argued that the major challenge lies in the transformation of knowledge into wisdom so that it will facilitate improving students＂ life. It stresses that the methods of the merging of general education and life education lies in the self-transformation of teachers and the change of pedagogical approaches. This paper concludes that teaching is not only a profession, but also a mission. The teacher must always embrace a sense of gratitude while engaging in teaching and research work. This is where the deepest importance of our education lies.     

Vocational College English Teaching

This article discuses how to be a good vocational college teacher. My opinions are being fond of teaching, making friends with students, helping the students who have difficulties, trying to give our students“a fishing rod”, not a fish.     

KNOWLEDGE AND ATTITUDES TOWARDS DIABETIC FOOT AMONG THE ELDERLY IN SHANGHAI

Objective To investigate the level of knowledge and attitudes related to diabetic foot (DF) in the elderly in Shanghai.Methods A total of 502 older residents in Shanghai were interviewed and 493 were included in analysis.A questionnaire specifically designed for this study was used.The knowledge and attitudes with sociodemographic variables were explored by Chi-square analysis and Mann Whitney U test.The contribution of the variables to DF knowledge and attitudes towards DF was explored by both univariate and multivariate analysis.Results Knowledge of DF was limited.Only 183 people (37.1%) achieved adequate DF knowledge while 310(62.9%) had inadequate knowledge.There were no significant differences between people with diabetes and those without diabetes in many questions pertaining to DF knowledge.Encouragingly,a majority of respondents expressed their willingness to receive more information on DF.Both knowledge about and attitudes towards DF were significantly associated with "education level","the willingness to visit doctors regularly",and "whether people have diabetes". Conclusion Findings highlight a need to focus resources and education on improving people’s knowledge of DF,which may be helpful to reduce the occurrence of DF.Nonetheless,the effect of education on decreasing DF incidence still requires verification through future studies.     

On Three Nuts in English Structure Study

This paper is to put forward the ways to improve the students ability of writing. By knowing parallel construction, faulty comparison and misplaced modifiesr, the students can acquire the techniques of using the sentence structure correctly, not only in speaking but also mainly wring.     

Distributed Human Resource Redistribution System Based on Agent and Ontology

A computer system for human resource （HR） redistribution system is presented to solve the balance problem of the ＂surplus resources＂ and ＂surplus tasks＂ among a group of project units. The system architecture is designed in a compositional manner using the elements of agent technology and knowledge technology. A combination of generic agent models, ontology and knowledge provides an effective approach to address the dynamic, distributed and knowledge-intensive characters of the HR management. In the system, the broker agent acting as intermediary provides matchmaking services to the domain agents, and the individual domain agents communicate directly with each other. The HR ontology provides the semantic match of the surplus task and the surplus resource. Finally, an application example is presented to illustrate the achieved solution for a concrete scenario. This novel way offers a comprehensive HR exchange solution and is snitablc for both intra-organizational and inter-organizational HR management.     

Semantic-Based Knowledge Categorization and Organization for Product Design Enterprises

Former knowledge engineering research aimed at boosting automatic reasoning.However recent knowledge management research focused on promoting the knowledge sharing and reusing among the people.Because of the different aims between the two directions,former knowledge representation schemata,such as rule based representation,frame from knowledge engineering research does not fit to the current knowledge management scenarios.In this paper,for the purpose of building knowledge management systems for product design enterprises,knowledge items are classified into seven types based on the semantics of their usage.Then their representations are discussed respectively.Based on the above classification,a knowledge representation meta-model and a basic domain ontology reference model for cooperative knowledge management systems are put forward.The reference model is an abstraction that can be reused and extended in knowledge management systems of different enterprises.Finally,the patterns of knowledge acquisition processes in cooperative knowledge management scenarios of product design processes are studied.     

Transformer Fault Analysis Based on Bayesian Networks and Importance Measures

Complex environment stresses bring many uncertainties to transformer fault. The Bayesian network(BN) can represent prior knowledge in the form of probability which makes it an effective tool to deal with the uncertain problems. This paper established a BN model for the transformer fault diagnosis with practical operation dataset and expert knowledge. Then importance measures are introduced to indentify the key attributes which affect the results of transformer diagnosis most. Moreover, a strategy was proposed to reduce the number of attribute in transformer fault detection and the resource cost was saved. At last, a diagnosis case of practical transformer was implemented to verify the effectiveness of this method.     

Investigating the Interaction Between Gluconobacter Oxydans and Bacillus M egaterium for 2-keto-L-gulonic Acid Biosynthesis in the Two-Step Vitamin C Fermentation

In the two-step vitamin C fermentation process, its precursor 2-keto-L-gulonic acid was synthesized from L-sorbose by mixed culture of Gluconobacter oxydans and Bacillus megaterium. The interaction between Gluconobacter oxydans and Bacillus megaterium remains unclear and it is a challenge to mathematically model the mixed growth of these two strains. The Monod-type equations were previously proposed to describe the coupled growth of Gluconobacter oxydans and Bacillus megaterium. However, in this study, we modeled the interaction of these two strains in a macroscopic view by introducing the population theory. Taking account of the fact that the density or concentration of Gluconobacter oxydans or Bacillus megaterium was hardly to measure accurately in the mixed culture broth, the data of concentrations of the substrate and product were used to indirectly investigate the relation between these two strains. Three batch experiments were used to validate our model. And according to the values of identified parameters, the type of interaction between Gluconobacter oxydans and Bacillus megaterium was concluded to be predation, where Gluconobacter oxydans was predator, and Bacillus megaterium was prey.     

An Intelligent Master Model of Computer Aided Process Planning for Large Complicated Stampings

Process planning for large complicated stampings is more complicated, illegible and multiform than that for common stampings. In this paper, an intelligent master model of computer aided process planning （CAPP） for large complicated stampings has been developed based on knowledge based engineering （KBE） and feature technology. This innovative model consists of knowledge base （KB）, process control structure （PCS）, process information model （PIM）, multidisciplinary design optimization （MDO）, model link environment （MLE） and simulation engine （SE）, to realize process planning, optimization, simulation and management integrated to complete intelligent CAPP system. In this model, KBE provides knowledge base, open architecture and knowledge reuse ability to deal with the multi-domain and multi-expression of process knowledge, and forms an integrated environment. With PIM, all the knowledge consisting of objects, constraints, cxtmricncc and decision-makings is carried by object-oriented method dynamically for knowledge-reasoning. PCS makes dynamical knowledge modified and updated timely and accordingly. MLE provides scv. cral methods to make CAPP sysmm associated and integrated. SE provides a programmable mechanism to interpret simulation course and result. Meanwhile, collaborative optimization, one method of MDO, is imported to deal with the optimization distributed for multiple purposes. All these make CAPP sysmm integrated and open to other systems, such as dic design and manufacturing system.     

Online Mind-Map as Interface of Electronic Resource Integration and Sharing

The paper aims to research on online mind map as interface of learning resource integration and sharing.We developed a web application that provides a interface to allow users to create a knowledge mind map.With the online mind mapping tool,the electronic learning resource will be discovered and shared in the form of subject-oriented package,it is more flexibly than the other E-Learning systems,and the interaction and cooperation of the users are strengthened to some extent.     

文化内涵在航海类专业英语教学中的输入探讨

语言是文化的载体,也是文化的一部分,语言学习离不开文化的学习。文化因素是外语教学中不容忽视的首要问题。实际上,许多语言交流障碍也是源于对文化背景知识的不了解。STCW公约（即《海员培训、发证和值班标准国际公约》）规定英语是船舶工作语言。因此,航海类专业英语教学不仅仅是就其专业知识、语法、词汇进行的教学,而更应该是一门寓文化教育于其中的综合性语言文化教学。     

简论成人英语听力困难及策略训练

一些成教学院的学生往往因为自己基础差、底子薄,学习英语都有一定的畏难情绪,英语的听力理解更是他们的薄弱环节。笔者分析认为,成教学院的学生在英语听力理解方面的困难主要是由语言知识障碍、背景知识障碍和心理因素障碍三个因素造成的,并提出对学生进行听力策略训练,逐步提高成教学生的英语听力理解水平。     

基于CBI教学理念的轮机英语教学改革

本文从CBI教学理念的引入与专业英语教学改革的有效实践出发,结合轮机英语教学改革的现实背景,以轮机英语课程设计为例,运用CBI教学理念,尝试提出轮机英语教学改革的方案,以期达到提高轮机专业知识和英语能力的双重目标,进而推动轮机英语教学改革。     

引入图式理论提高EFL阅读能力的对策

在阅读理解中,文化背景知识起着举足轻重的作用。交互式阅读模式是建立在图式理论基础上对信息加工两种模式(自上而下与自下而上)的综合。文章以认知心理学的视角,从影响学生阅读能力的非语言因素--背景知识(图式)出发,运用图式理论,结合英语阅读学习中存在的实际问题,针对现有的问题提出一些提高EFL阅读能力的对策。     

大学英语个性化教学实施策略

个性化教学强调尊重学生的个性差异。大学英语的个性化教学模式既有其实施的理论依据又有其发展的现实意义,顺应当今社会人才培养的需要。本文重点从以满足不同学生需求的个性化教学目标、因材施教的教学方法以及提倡学习结果与过程并重的评价体系三个方面探讨了大学英语个性化教学的实施策略。     

元认知培训对大学生英语阅读能力的影响

通过对课内(课堂讨论)和课后(阅读周记)两方面为期一学期培训过程的分析,揭示元认知意识在促进学生英语阅读中的作用。研究结果表明,元认知意识培训在促进学生英语阅读方面起着积极的作用,讨论了元认知意识培训对英语教学的启示,认为教师应该帮助学生提高英语阅读方面的元认知意识,从而促进学生的英语阅读。     

加强高职学生"英语实用能力"培养的思考

提高"英语实用能力"是高职英语教学的核心目标。为提高英语实用能力,英语教学要改革教学内容、教学方法和模式,建立以职业场景应用为导向的英语教学体系。     

租船运输业务与法律课程专业双语教学调查问卷评析

为提高学生英语水平,突出我院办学特色,对管理系国航专业租船运输业务与法律课程双语教学进行问卷调查。对开展双语教学是否有必要、教学质量、教材质量、教师水平、双语授课的比例、教学时数、建议和看法等方面广泛征求学生的意见,大部分学生认为开展双语教学有必要,既提高了外语水平,又提升专业知识和能力。对双语课程教学质量、双语教学的教材、教师的知识水平表示满意；认为双语教学应保证质量,稳步增加。通过问卷调查,也发现学生对教师所讲知识的掌握程度不理想；过半学生未提前预习和课后复习所要讲授的内容。     

培养高职学生英语阅读能力的技巧

培养英语阅读能力是高职英语教学的主要目的之一,也是培养高职学生理解和运用英语技能的一个基本方法。文章对高职学生英语阅读能力的现状进行了分析,并提出了相应的阅读训练方法。     

高校英语教学如何应对西方文化对学生价值观的负面影响

全球化背景下的西方资本主义国家,正在通过媒体和英语教学等方式向他国进行强势而隐蔽的文化渗透,使许多缺乏辨别力的高校学生产生了对西方文化的盲目崇拜,对他们的人生观、价值观产生了不可忽视的影响。本文着重论述全球化背景下西方文化对我国大学生价值观念所产生的负面影响。指出在外语教学中加强和改进文化教学意识,引导学生正确看待东西方文化差异,自觉传承我国优秀的传统文化是我国外语教师的重任。