广船设计质量目标管理的实施

设计质量如何量化评价一直是个难题。本文按照目标管理的思想,通过设计质量目标的确定、目标的考核和优化等目标管理活动及改进,说明目标管理对设计质量控制的意义和效果,同时也提出了目标管理今后改进的方向。     

基于"费用、进度、质量"三维目标要素集成定量模型分析

建设项目目标要素系统集成是集成管理的核心.一般而言,费用、进度与质量是建设项目基本的三大目标,形成为集成管理基本的目标要素系统.然而,传统的建设项目管理方法强调一个目标要素的实现,实施"一维"要素的控制方法或"二维"要素的关系分析,事实上,这并不是"项目的最佳利益".本文运用系统工程原理,探索了基于"费用、进度、质量"三大目标要素的三维集成问题,分析了"费用、进度、质量"多目标集成的线形规划与目标规划的定量模型.建立了"费用、进度、质量"三大目标三维集成的模型与方法.     

浅谈装备研制的质量管理

质量管理对于装备研制项目十分重要,是完成项目的关键和保证.通过分析质量管理的全过程,包括项目质量目标、质量保证和质量控制等,对如何提高装备研制项目质量管理提出建议.     

目标成本管理在水利工程施工项目中应用

目标成本管理是以管理为核心、以效益为目标、以核算为手段,实现对成本全面控制的新型管理方法。我国建筑行业目标成本管理起步较晚,目前在水利工程施工项目中目标成本管理的应用还存在缺陷与问题,影响成本管理效果。为此,本文探究水利工程施工项目中目标成本管理的应用策略,以期提高应用效果,提高成本管理质量。     

质量策划在船舶修理质量管理中的应用

GB/T 19000-2008 idt IS0 9000：2005质量管理体系基础和术语,对质量策划的定义为：质量策划是质量管理的一部分,致力于制定质量目标并规定必要的运行过程和相关资源以实现质量目标.根据这一定义,我们将质量策划运用在船舶修理的质量管理实践之中,形成切实可行的管理制度,以满足船舶修理质量目标以及管理体系的要求.     

交通工程项目目标管理探讨

为了准确、准时地完成考核指标,进一步提高部门及工程项目的管理质量,需要研究交通工程项目目标管理并在实践中提升其水平.根据交通工程项目目标管理的特点,采用链接分解目标,观察目标完成进展情况,进行信息评估和反馈处理,确保各项考核指标顺利完成.实践表明,目标管理方法可行,实用性强,能有效降低管理成本.     

有效质量管理的关键要素

本文结合2012年企业质量管理目标,从实际出发总结出有效质量管理的几大关键要素。     

浅谈企业财务管理目标的选择

现代企业制度中,财务管理是企业管理的核心,而财务管理的目标又是制约企业财务管理工作质量的关键。文章从构建社会主义和谐社会角度就如何选择企业财务管理的目标,从企业目标、经济体制和知识经济等方面加以详细论述。     

推进全员参与质量管理 助力核心竞争力提升

正2015年,上海船舶研究设计院(SDARI)质量管理工作切实贯彻落实集团公司的要求,坚持"质量至上",以质量管理提升为工作主线,不断完善质量管理体系、强化质量管理。同时,结合班组建设,深入、广泛开展以QC小组和质量信得过班组为载体的群众性质量管理活动,达到了全员参与、提质增效的目标。2015年9月初,修订并发布了院《质量管理小组活动管理办法》,细化了QC小组的申报、注册、活     

公路工程施工阶段如何进行质量管理

从公路工程项目的质量管理目标入手,对施工现场的质量管理和公路工程质量常见问题进行了分析,并结合工作实践,提出了解决公路工程常见质量问题的对策与方法。从理论上和技术上研究和探讨了公路工程质量管理的方法和步骤。     

水运工程施工单位企业定额发展现状及分析

针对企业定额在国内水运工程施工单位企业管理中使用率低、准确率低、编制水平低的问题,进行企业定额发展状况研究,并与国外先进施工企业发展理念进行比较,分析制约企业定额发展的主要因素,提出成立预算管理部门、数据收集注重时效性、实行数据库动态管理等发展企业定额的措施,为充分发挥企业定额的重要作用提供理论依据。     

船舶管件加工智能生产线的设计与实现

传统管件加工车间依靠工人进行劳动密集型加工、储运,对生产过程数据和质量数据缺乏必要的管控手段和技术。通过梳理工艺流程,并将智能制造理念与传统管件加工生产线现有的制造模式深度融合,设计一条面向中小管件柔性加工的管法兰焊接加工无人生产线。通过现场运行调试,实现管法兰焊接生产线的可靠、稳定运行,提高焊接质量和生产效率,满足企业的预期要求。     

基于PSO-BP神经网络的船体分段任务包工时定额模型

为解决船体分段任务包工时定额的计算过度依赖线性公式而忽略工时定额与工艺参数之间的非线性关系的问题,提高工时定额计算的效率和精确度,将PSO-BP神经网络技术应用到船体分段任务包工时定额中。通过对影响船体分段中间产品额定工时的工艺参数进行分析,建立多输入单输出的PSO-BP神经网络模型,并应用实际数据对PSO-BP神经网络进行训练,测试仿真结果与实际值之间的误差在允许范围内。验证结果表明,采用PSO-BP神经网络建立船体分段任务包工时定额模型,能对任务包作业工时进行准确预测。     

Recreational Leasing of Alaska Commercial Halibut Quota: The Early Years of the GAF Program in Alaska

The Pacific Halibut Catch Sharing Plan formalized the process for allocating halibut between the Alaska commercial and recreational charter sectors. It included a new program intended to allow for “flexibility” through inter-sectoral trading, permitting charter operators to lease commercial halibut pounds to relax client harvest restrictions. Here we evaluate the first two years of lease market activity and participation. Participation from some commercial quota holders in the lease market suggests that the program provided beneficial flexibility; in fact, the number of transfers to the charter sector was greater than transfers within the commercial sector for some quota types. We also identified a high proportion of self-leasers. However, transfers to the charter sector were on average smaller than within-sector commercial transfers, and total poundage leased by the charter sector was low compared with commercial transfers. Usage of leased quota by the recreational charter sector enables the harvest of larger fish or additional fish, and provides flexibility in catch composition on halibut closure days. Finally, the value-per-pound may be higher in the charter sector, as commercial-to-charter transfer prices approached the commercial ex-vessel price.     

Implementation Challenges for Quota Set-Asides: Policy Analysis to Inform Fisheries Management Decision-Making

Abstract

The implementation of catch share programs can have socio-economic and ecological benefits, yet may also change the distribution of those benefits within a fishery or across communities. Quota set-asides can mitigate the impacts of these changes. During the implementation of the West Coast groundfish trawl catch share program, 10% of the quota was set aside to be used toward five goals in the Adaptive Management Program (AMP). This quota was to serve as an insurance policy during the substantial changes that were expected to occur under the new management regime. However, this program has not yet been fully developed, in part due to delayed decision-making and the controversial nature of allocating quota. Here, we examine and score six policy options for the AMP against four criteria: effectiveness, flexibility, political viability, and implementability. While each of the options has strengths and weaknesses, those that ranked highly include allocating quota pounds (QP) via the status quo and via auction. Our results highlight the drawbacks of delaying contentious decisions, where uncertainty for participants can constrain operational decisions and subsequent economic gains. We demonstrate the utility of this decision-making framework for evaluating tradeoffs between alternatives, especially for a program with multiple, competing objectives.     

基于水运定额标准的地基处理工程结算费用探讨

本文以水运工程定额标准为重要依据,重点从山皮土角度论述地基处理工程结算费用的影响因素及调整办法,旨在为促进水运工程的良好发展提供合理化建议,并保证类似工程结算工作的正常开展.本文引入了某临海地基处理工程,并依据行业规定、定额、办法等,对影响地基处理工程结算费用的因素进行了分析.分析表明,从山皮土角度对地基处理工程结算费...     

内湖环保疏浚工程造价计算

疏浚工程造价作为工程建设过程中十分重要的部分,直接影响工程项目的质量好坏。近年来,疏浚工程走向内陆湖泊河道,对环保疏浚要求逐渐提高,工程造价也需要因地制宜的发生变动,避免计算误差,对提高项目经济效益是非常有益的。以内湖环保疏浚工程为例,根据相关设计方案,结合施工区具体施工条件,提出应避免的问题,对疏浚定额进行修编,编制其工程造价,力争减少误差,提高工程造价精确度。     

论市场经济条件下工程定额的统一

分析我国现阶段各行业定额间存在的水平差距及产生差距的原因，指出这种差距存在的危害性及应采取的措施。     

Using Incentives to Reduce Bycatch and Discarding: Results Under the West Coast Catch Share Program

Abstract

Catch share management was implemented in the bottom trawl sector of the West Coast Groundfish fishery in 2011 to address a range of issues including high bycatch and discard rates. The catch share program was designed to remove the incentives to discard through full catch accounting, tradeable quotas, increased flexibility in fishing, and penalties for catch overages. We assess the effectiveness of the program in meeting its environmental objectives by comparing discard weights, proportions, and variability from 2004–2010 with 2011–2016. We analyzed these metrics for species managed using quota, including historically overfished stocks, as well as for non-quota species caught in the fishery. Discard amounts decreased over time for all species and declined to historic lows after the implementation of the program, remaining low through 2016 with much less inter-annual variability. Mean annual discards of two highly-targeted quota species, sablefish and Dover sole, showed the greatest decreases, falling by 97 and 86%, respectively. The discard proportion of overfished quota species fell by 50% on average. The unanticipated decline in discards of non-quota species as well as the decreased variability in discard amounts for all species indicate that the incentives produced by catch share management provided additional ecosystem benefits.     

船舶修理项目成本控制原则

文章从全面控制，开源与节流相结合，目标管理，责、权、利相结合，节约5方面阐述了合理配置船舶修理中所消耗的人力、物力、财力，控制项目成本，达到降本增效的目的。