麻黄碱对脑缺血再灌注损伤大鼠脑内星形胶质细胞GFAP表达的影响

目的探讨大鼠脑缺血再灌注损伤后麻黄碱治疗对星形胶质细胞胶质原纤维酸性蛋白(GFAP)表达水平的影响。方法雄性SD大鼠60只,随机分为假手术组、自然恢复组和治疗组。应用线栓法建立单侧大脑中动脉缺血再灌注模型,术后1、2、3、4周应用免疫组化观察缺血周围区GFAP的表达。结果自然恢复组和治疗组术后1周GFAP表达开始增加,3周后表达平稳。治疗组GFAP的表达水平在前两个时间点高于自然恢复组(P<0.05)。结论麻黄碱对脑缺血再灌注损伤大鼠缺血周围区星形胶质细胞增殖活化有促进作用。     

Identification and culture of neural stem cells isolated from adult rat subventricular zone following fluid percussion brain injury

Objective To analyze proliferation and differentiation of glial fibrillary acid protein (GFAP)- and nestin-positive (GFAP+/nestin+) cells isolated from the subventricular zone following fluid percussion brain injury to determine whether GFAP+/nestin+ cells exhibit characteristics of neural stem cells. Methods Male Sprague-Dawley rats, aged 12 weeks and weighing 200-250 g, were randomly and evenly assigned to normal control group and model group. In the model group, a rat model of fluid percussion brain injury was established. Five days later, subventricular zone tissue was resected from each group and made into single cell suspension. After serum-free neural stem cell medium culture and subsequent serum-induced differentiation, cell type, proliferation and differentiation capacities were determined by immunofluorescence staining and flow cytometry. Results At 3-7 days after fluid percussion brain injury, nestin+/GFAP+ cells in the single cell suspension from the model group significantly outnumbered those from the normal control group (P<0.01). In the model group, an increased number of small neurospheres with smooth cell edge and bulged center formed after primary culture, and were clearly visible with the increase of culture time and medium replacement. After several passages, many clonal spheres were obtained, suggesting strong self-proliferatiing capacity. Neurospheres from the model group differentiated into astrocytes, neurons and oligodendrocytes. Conclusion GFAP+/nestin+ cells isolated from the adult rat subventricular zone after fluid percussion brain injury are thought to be neural stem cells because of their self-renewal and multi-differentiation capacities.     

PARP-1在大鼠弥漫性轴突损伤脑组织中的表达及意义

目的探讨多聚腺苷二磷酸核糖聚合酶(PARP-1)在大鼠弥漫性轴突损伤(DAI)脑组织中的表达变化及意义。方法健康成年雄性SD大鼠36只,随机分为6组:正常对照组、DAI后30min组、DAI后6h组、DAI后12h组、DAI后24h组、DAI后7d组,每组各6只。采用大鼠头颅瞬间旋转损伤装置制作DAI模型。在预定时间点取大脑皮质、脑干进行HE染色、银染及PARP-1免疫组织化学染色,采用阳性细胞计数法进行半定量统计,用单因素方差分析和SNK-q检验进行统计学处理。结果光镜下银染可见大鼠DAI后脑皮质及脑干存在轴突回缩球,HE染色可见不同程度的轴突肿胀、神经细胞核固缩、血管内皮细胞肿胀、血管周间隙增大。上述形态改变在DAI后12h至24h达到高峰。PARP-1在正常对照组脑皮质、脑干的神经元及神经胶质细胞的细胞核内有少量阳性表达。在DAI组的神经元及神经胶质细胞,以胞核阳性表达为主,同时存在胞质阳性表达。DAI后30min时脑皮质及脑干阳性细胞数明显增加,12h达到高峰,24h开始下降,到7d时脑皮质阳性细胞数仍高于正常水平(P<0.05),脑干阳性细胞数与正常对照组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 PARP-1在DAI后皮质与脑干呈明显规律性表达;其变化规律与皮质和脑干的结构变化呈同步性动态改变;PARP-1可能在DAI后的继发性脑损伤中起重要作用。