US antitrust policy and liner conferences in the age of intermodalism

This article examines the uncertainties concerning the antiturst immunity for collective participation by liner conferences in intermodal transporation. Among them are the FMC's jurisdiction under the Shipping Act to authorize such collective actions, the legality of intermodal dual-rate contracts and the stringency by lsquo;public-interestrsquo; justification. Administrative and judicial decisions proved ineffective in resolving the issues which legislative actions had, over a decade, failed to deal with. These uncertainties could soon be ended with passage of the maritime antiturst polity emerging out of this Congress. It is, however, still uncertain as to whether, and to what extent, the viabilty of the conference system would be threatened by the continued growth of intermodalism and vice versa. Congressional intent to safeguard the continued growth of intermodalism and the development of other future innovations means that these two issues are of more than just academic interests. Yet, they have not been adequately addressed in the policy studies currently available.     

On the practicality of the UNCTAD 40-40-20 Code for liner conferences

The potential effects of a rigid adherence to the UNCTAD Code are analysed for 26 developing countries. A brief commentary is given on the advantages of a more liberal application of the Code, including reciprocal sharing of liner tonnages by regions of developing countries with regions of developed market-economy countries.     

班轮运输业前景莫测

当目前的金融风暴缓和下来的时候,建造当前集装箱船队需求的贸易模式返回原状了吗？或者说,消费者的口味和地域竞争力成本的变化,会改变全球性的生产状况并沿着过去派遣无敌舰队的航线派谴船队吗？2008年12月份交付的13,800标准箱的船舶会成为明天的济贫场所还是会成为博物馆的早期展品呢？     

The evolution of Canadian liner shipping policy

This paper traces the evolution of Canadian liner shipping policy from its beginnings, at the time of the initial formation of shipping conferences, in the late nineteenth century, to its current form, as provided by the 1987 Shipping Conference Exemption Act. It is shown that evolution has been associated with a shift in policy orientation from an initial British-based position to a contemporary form that is distincly American in nature. The reasons for this shift are analysed and the similarities and differences between curent Canadian and U.S.A. legislation are identified. The paper shows that the adoption by Canada of an American-style policy became inevitable once the container revolution had physically integrated the transport systems of both nations.     

The economics of conventional liner break-bulk cargo-handling efficiency

In this paper the authors, after examining the relationships between cargo handling performance of break-bulk cargo and ship and cargo related variables, demonstrate that systematic relationships exist in general cargo systems despite the many variables that affect handling operations.     

船舶柴油机缸套的穴蚀分析

缸套穴蚀是船舶柴油机汽缸套常见的一种损伤形式,这对船舶柴油机工作的可靠性和使用寿命有很大影响。缸套穴蚀主要形式是局部的蜂窝状的孔穴和麻点,而缸套穴蚀的成因机制主要有电化学腐蚀、空泡腐蚀等。随着柴油机转速、有效压力、比功率的提高,相应的比重量逐渐降低,其结构日益紧凑和零部件壁厚减薄,船舶柴油机缸套穴蚀破坏日益引起人们的关注。文章论述了柴油机主要部件、冷却水系统、柴油机工况等因素对穴蚀的影响,最后指出预防穴蚀的基本措施和检修方法。     

The economics of conventional liner break-bulk cargo-handling efficiency

In this paper the authors, after examining the relationships between cargo handling performance of break-bulk cargo and ship and cargo related variables, demonstrate that systematic relationships exist in general cargo systems despite the many variables that affect handling operations.     

论环境管制与我国出口产业国际竞争力

在引用具体数据基础上,通过对比我国与美国出口产业竞争力构成的不同,重点分析了我国实行严格的环境管制对出口产业国际竞争力的影响。在这一基础上对协调我国环境管制与出口产业竞争力问题给出政策建议。     

某轮主机缸套裂纹原因分析

对裂纹的情况及处理经过进行了简单介绍，重点对缸套裂纹的原因进行了详细深入的分析，指出局部热疲劳是导致裂纹的关键因素，并对局部热疲劳的产生机理进行了分析，并指出了人员的操作和管理上的不当也是导致故障的重要原因。此文对于国产B＆W6S系列机型的使用和管理具有较强的借鉴和指导意义。     

The competitive environment of a service industry: the examples of the U.K.-Continent passenger sea ferry services

The paper examines an international service sector (passenger sea ferry services between the U.K. and continental Europe) from the perspective of its competitive environment. Porter's five forces model forms the basis of the analysis of the market illustrated by recent develoments. Within this context the barriers to entry into and exit from the market are considered in detail. Recently, there have been many changes in market structure, and with increased competition, including that from the Channel Tunnel, it may be necessary to pool services. This will improve ferry competition with other forms of transport, but will require the brand awareness of ferries to shift from the ferry company to the ferry service offer. The service offer will need to be more clearly defined.     

某轮主机缸套裂纹的原因及对策

文章介绍了主机缸套裂纹事故的处理经过并对其形成原因进行了详细分析,指出局部热疲劳是导致裂纹的关键因素,并对今后防止类似故障发生提出了相应的对策,对类似故障的解决具有指导意义.     

国际班轮代理业务的内涵（下）

4国内班轮代理业发展前景预测4．1班轮代理市场格局从某种意义上说,港口代理、订舱代理（或狭义的班轮代理）和总代理分别代表班轮船代企业发展历程中3个标志性的阶段。如果总代理拥有强大的资金和船舶经营管理团队的支持,那么距班轮经营人也就一步之遥。     

国际班轮代理业务的内涵（上）

国内船舶代理行业一直在抱怨代理费率不断下滑的趋势。据悉,在一些竞争趋于白热化的港口,交通运输部所规定的或者中国船舶代理及无船承运人协会所推荐的费率形同虚设,代理费的“行情”甚至只有其标准的5％-10％。在完全市场化的国际班轮代理领域,船舶经营人通常以年度协议的方式来确定代理,因此其拥有更强的市场影响和议价能力,相对而言船代几无还价余地,否则就有业务流失之虞。     

国际班轮代理业务的内涵（中）

（续上期）2 班轮代理及其委托人的权利、义务、责任和计费2．1 班轮代理的权利义务及其对我国船代的影响一般而言,根据书面代理协议,班轮代理应按照地域划分利益范围并保持与该区域内客户的联系。这种联系可以直接进行,也可通过其委托的复代理完成。班轮代理可以代表船舶所有人揽货订舱并订立运输合同,签发提单并留置提单从而间接地留置货物以确保运费及其代理费的收取。除非得到委托人事前同意,     

集装箱班轮复苏增长前高后低

下半年,集装箱班轮运输虽有望在复苏第一波的高位运行,但快速增长的旺盛势头难以持续,前高后低的走势或成定局。     

The commercialization of East European liner shipping: the experience of Poland

This paper will examine the impact of continuous and increasing change in the shipping sector of Eastern Europe with particular reference to the liner sector in Poland one of the more dynamic markets that has emerged since the political, economic and social changes of the late 1980s. Polish Ocean Lines, and in particular POL Levant, a relatively new, commercialized subsidiary operating in the private sector, are taken as case studies to assess the new structures that are emerging in the marketplace.