船用玻璃钢/复合材料夹层结构中的泡沫芯材

回顾了船用玻璃钢 /复合材料夹层结构泡沫芯材的历史 ,介绍了夹层结构的工作原理及优点 ,泡沫芯材的性能 ,泡沫芯材的加工以及使用 ,泡沫芯材与巴萨木和蜂窝之间的对比。     

深水环境下粘弹性复合材料夹层结构蠕变特性研究

文章结合单轴压缩蠕变试验和粘弹性材料广义Maxwell建模理论得到吸声和浮体两种粘弹性填充材料的松弛模量Prony级数系数,开展了深水环境下粘弹性复合材料夹层结构蠕变特性试验,并将之与仿真研究结果进行对比,得到如下结论：复合材料夹层结构长时蠕变初期,芯材蠕变较表层复合材料占主导地位;随着时间增加,表层复合材料基体的粘弹性特性所表现出的蠕变和松弛现象交织出现,表层应变出现波动;芯材蠕变对复合材料夹层结构长时蠕变变形的贡献约为60%。     

高性能碳泡沫在纤维增强塑料船体中的应用

夹层结构是FRP/CM(纤维增强塑料)舰船的一个重要发展方向。为适应采用夹层结构高速舰船发展的需要,近年来已开发了多种轻质高性能结构芯材。但现有的结构芯材没有电磁屏蔽性,在舰船的某些特殊应用方面受到限制。本文介绍的这种高性能碳泡沫材料除了具有结构芯材已有的优点,还具有电磁屏蔽性和更高的强度。     

直柱型点阵结构在填充聚氨酯材料时的刚度性能研究

复合材料点阵结构以其优异的力学性能越来越受到人们的广泛关注,文中在点阵结构的基础上,提出了直柱型点阵结构填充聚氨酯材料的新型复合夹层板结构,利用有限元软件ANSYS研究其静态力学性能.分别研究了夹心层高度、面板厚度等变化对其刚度性能的影响,并将该结构与实体板、普通聚氨酯夹层板进行对比,得出对工程实际具有一定参考价值的结论.     

环氧树脂改性聚氨酯弹性体材料

采用高分子共混法,通过向聚氨酯预聚体中加入环氧树脂（E-51）制备出了性能优良的弹性体材料。研究了E-51的加入量对弹性体力学性能的影响;用FT-IR和XRD表征了固化反应的过程以及产物的内部结晶状态;通过动态粘弹谱对比了改性前后材料的动态力学性能;测试了材料的透水系数。实验结果表明：E-51当加入量为25%,所得聚氨酯弹性体材料的内部出现了宽的聚合物峰,此时材料的力学性能与E-51的其他加入量相比最佳;材料的动态力学性能比改性前有了大幅度的提高,同时耐水性能也比其他不同软段的聚氨酯弹性体材料要好。     

基于简化Zig-zag模型的钢聚氨酯夹层板屈曲分析

本文提出一种简化的高阶Zig-zag理论,即面板采用一阶剪切变形理论,芯材采用Reddy高阶剪切变形理论,建立钢聚氨酯夹层板在面内压缩载荷作用下的屈曲分析模型。考虑夹层板作为船舶舱口盖的受力特性,利用Matlab和有限元软件Ansys分别求出在面内压缩载荷作用下的钢聚氨酯夹层板的屈曲临界载荷,理论解与仿真值吻合度较高并分析几何参数对结构稳定性的影响。研究结果表明,在考虑结构重量的前提下,增加芯材即聚氨酯的厚度能较好的提高结构的稳性。     

高强度聚氯乙烯泡沫水声模量参数反演修正北大核心CSCD

[目的]旨在基于复合材料试样水声插入损失实测值,通过反演算法获得高强度聚氯乙烯(PVC)泡沫的水声模量值,进而提高复合材料水声插入损失计算精度。[方法]首先,通过压缩、平拉等力学试验,得到高强度PVC泡沫材料的静弹性模量,再利用传递矩阵方法计算得到夹芯复合材料的插入损失,并分析得出插入损失计算值与基于脉冲声管法的实测值存在较大差异的原因是芯材弹性模量输入值偏低。然后,基于插入损失实测值,采用遗传算法反演计算出5组泡沫材料的水声模量值。[结果]定量计算结果表明,高强度PVC泡沫的水声模量值高于静弹性模量值,水声模量对压缩模量比值的平均值为1.24,对拉伸模量比值的平均值为1.36。[结论]在对基于高强度PVC泡沫的夹芯复合材料水声性能进行计算时,材料弹性模量输入值应在静力模量实测值基础上正向修正,从而降低误差。     

正交加筋复合材料夹层板弯曲问题求解

正交加筋均质芯材基于一阶剪切变形理论,并采用δ函数描述其非连续性,复合材料面板采用Kirchhoff薄板假设,以面板面内位移和结构整体横向位移为响应函数,通过能量原理推导了正交加筋芯材复合材料夹层板的静力学平衡方程。考虑四边简支边界条件,采用双傅立叶级数位移函数求解了正交各向异性复合材料面板正交加筋均质芯材夹层板受均布载荷作用的弯曲响应,通过将夹层板的位移和应力响应与有限元计算结果进行对比,验证了文中求解方法的正确性。     

静压作用下夹芯复合材料圆柱壳失效模式的有限元分析

基于有限元计算软件ABAQUS,对静水压力作用下夹芯复合材料圆柱壳的失效模式进行研究。首先,采用ABAQUS的材料库和单元库,建立高效、精确的夹芯复合材料圆柱壳的仿真计算方法;进而,基于TSAIW理论、Hashin理论和第四强度理论,分别建立表层材料和芯材的强度失效判据;最后,分析跨度/半径比、表层/芯材厚度比、内/外表层厚度比以及铺层角度等因素对圆柱壳失效模式的影响规律,可为夹芯复合材料圆柱壳的结构优化设计提供依据。     

夹芯复合材料在潜艇声隐身结构中的应用及其相关技术研究

潜艇的声隐身问题一直是研究的热点，各种新的声学材料和结构不断涌现。首先对复合材料在潜艇声隐身结构中的应用情况进行了分析，对其材料、结构形式、作用效果等方面进行了详细阐述，提出了夹芯吸声复合材料作为水下声隐身结构的发展趋势。然后利用数值计算的方法，对夹芯复合材料的声学性能进行了分析，得到了夹芯复合材料各层材料参数，如厚度、声特性阻抗和损耗等对声学性能的影响规律。最后，评估了典型局部结构壳板应用夹芯复合材料后的力学性能和声隐身性能。结果表明，潜艇非耐压结构的壳板采用夹芯复合材料可以满足结构的力学要求，与钢结构相比声隐身能力得到提高。     

Research on the Fragment Impact Resistance of a Composite Mast

Due to the unique structural mode and material property of a composite sandwich plate, related research such as fragment impact resistance of a composite mast is short of publication and urgent in this field. In this paper, the commonly accepted sandwich core board theory was modified. Damage caused by a fragment attack was simulated onto a sandwich plate model built with solid and shell elements. It was shown that shear failure and vast matrix cracking are the main reasons for outer coat damage, and tensio...     

Research on the fragment impact resistance of a composite mast

Due to the unique structural mode and material property of a composite sandwich plate, related research such as fragment impact resistance of a composite mast is short of publication and urgent in this field. In this paper, the commonly accepted sandwich core board theory was modified. Damage caused by a fragment attack was simulated onto a sandwich plate model built with solid and shell elements. It was shown that shear failure and vast matrix cracking are the main reasons for outer coat damage, and tension failure and partial matrix cracking are the cause for inner coat damage. Additionally, according to complexities in actual sea battles, different work conditions of missile attacks were set. Ballistic limit values of different fragment sizes were also obtained, which provides references for enhancing the fragment impact resistance of a composite mast.     

透明自清洁涂层的制备与表征

通过分散纳米二氧化硅以及表面接枝后的纳米二氧化硅颗粒与环氧树脂开环反应,从而使玻璃表面植入纳米二氧化硅,经全氟硅氧烷改性后,能制备出具有较高的静止接触角与较低的滚动角的自清洁涂层：接触角高达168,°滚动角为11.8°.采用SEM与AFM对涂层形貌分析,结果表明表面的粗糙尺度小于可见光的波长.因此,该自清洁涂层具有高透明度,可见光透光率可达99%.     

气垫船复合材料导管支臂制备工艺与性能试验

分析气垫船(Air-Cushion Vessel,ACV)复合材料导管支臂制备工艺的可行性,对导管支臂样件材料的组合设计方案进行优化,确定混合纤维环氧树脂复合材料-泡沫夹芯作为导管支臂材料.考虑导管支臂结构制造的经济性和可操作性,选择整体成型模式,采用真空导入模塑工艺(Vacuum Infusion Molding P...     

Load-bearing characteristics of marine complex sandwich composites considering unequal elastic modulus in tension and compression

The panel and core materials of sandwich composite usually have the characteristics of unequal elastic modulus in tension and compression. However, in the numerical calculation of sandwich composite, it is usually considered as the material with the same tensile modulus or compression modulus, which often leads to larger calculation errors. The test results show that when the elastic modulus of tension and compression is about 10 times different, the maximum calculated stress and maximum deflection will be more than twice different. In view of the complexity of sandwich composite structure, based on the bi-modulus model of laminated plates, a simplified theoretical formula and numerical calculation method are proposed for bi-modulus sandwich composite structures in this paper. Furthermore, the accuracy of the proposed numerical calculation method of bi-module is verified by the experimental study of composite single-layer plate structure and sandwich composite cabin structure. The results show that the error between the improved numerical calculation method and the experimental measurement results is basically within 6%. Meanwhile, the numerical method based on field variables has wide application range and high convergence, and can be used to calculate complex marine composite structures.     

I型金属夹层结构连接构件强度特性研究及灵敏度分析

在国外,激光焊接钢质夹层结构已用于实船,其连接构件的强度特性是尚待解决的关键问题之一.应用有限元分析软件ANSYS,研究2种典型连接构件的面外强度特性及灵敏度.计算中,为降低计算规模,采用MPC壳体连接和子模型分析技术;进行灵敏度分析时,为减少大量方案计算所需的繁琐人工操作,应用Matlab驱动ANSYS,以批处理方式的有限元分析计算各方案的响应值.计算结果显示,在普通焊接接头处存在一定的应力集中.在控制结构重量的条件下,若要降低接头的应力集中系数,对于内嵌方框型连接构件而言,增大连接构件长度和夹层端部面板长度最为有效,增大水平板厚度也有一定的作用;对于外接平板型连接构件而言,最有效的途径是增大连接构件的厚度,并选取合适的连接构件长度.     

Application of embedded fibre Bragg grating sensors for structural health monitoring of complex composite structures for marine applications

Fibre reinforced polymer (FRP) materials are recently widely applied in the marine industry. The high popularity of composites and safety requirements results in the development of Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) systems. One of the sensors types that can be permanently integrated with a composite structure and used as a part of SHM system are fibre Bragg grating (FBG) sensors. Among FBG sensors advantages small size, high corrosion resistance, and absence of electric current are especially important in monitoring of composite marine structures.The paper presents an application of embedded FBG sensors arrays for evaluation of complex composite structure — a fast patrol boat. The experimental investigations contain spectra analyses for thin laminate sample (skin), a composite sandwich panel and fast patrol boat hull (sandwich structure). The quality of sensors spectra (before/after embedding and loading) was determined using the Pearson correlation coefficient. The relationship between strain and temperature in exploitation range was determined for laminate and sandwich structures. A linear relationship was achieved for both elements. The relationship for the sandwich panel was then applied during strain analyses of the boat composite hull. The utility of designed FBG sensors array for the panel was also verified by sensors responses on impact excitation in chosen points on the structure. The achieved results were then used during designing FBG sensors array embedded into the hull. FBG sensors spectra deformations due to fast patrol boat hull manufacturing process and exploitation as well as strain curves determined for the boat during tests at dry dock and at sea trials are analysed.     

一种新型纤维增强酚醛树脂密封材料的制备及表征

酚醛树脂具有力学性能好,耐热性好,耐磨损以及阻燃等优点,被广泛的应用于各种工业领域.但是其延展性差,韧性差,反应残余物对人体危害大限制了其在现代工业的应用.本文中,我们在酚醛树脂中引入芳纶长纤维,木质素短纤维及无机纳米铜添加剂,制备了一种新型密封材料.通过力学性能测试,红外谱图分析,摩擦系数测定以及扫描电镜观察对复合材...     

复合材料—钢混合结构封闭式桅杆振动特性研究

由于隐身性的需求,复合材料—钢混合结构的封闭式桅杆逐渐在舰船上使用。开展了复合材料—钢混合结构封闭式桅杆的模态试验,通过实验检验了桅杆数值计算模型,并采用数值方法研究了雷达罩复合材料夹层板板厚对桅杆和顶部雷达罩振动特性的影响规律,通过研究发现复合材料夹层板振动特性良好。此外,根据八边形桅杆的数值计算结果提出了雷达罩总体和局部振动频率的预测方法,通过四边形和六边形桅杆的检验,证明此种预测方法具有普遍意义,为封闭式综合集成桅杆的结构设计提供了有益的参考。