单向短纤维复合材料中热残余应力研究

基于单向短纤维增强金属基复合材料的单纤维模型,利用轴对称弹塑性有限元分析方法,研究了该类复合材料中热残余应力的大小和分布情况以及各种微结构参数的变化对它的影响,同时还讨论了热残余应力的存在对基体与纤维之间应力传递的影响。研究表明,热应变的不匹配导致纤维受压、基体受拉,界面法向受压。热残余应力的存在降低了基体与纤维间的应力传递,不利于复合材料整体性能的提高。     

大跨城市隧道施工三维有限元分析

针对城市大跨度隧道施工特点,考虑材料和几何非线性的影响,基于大型有限元分析软件Midas GTS,建立结构与围岩连成的三维弹塑性大变形计算分析模型,模拟隧道施工的过程,得出了隧道开挖不同阶段的围岩应力、变形的分布状态,据此对隧道稳定性进行评价。通过开挖过程的三维数值模拟,可了解大跨度隧道围岩应力分布、支护受力状态,剖析施工过程对围岩稳定的影响,从而为采取合理的措施调整支护参数提供重要依据和参考。     

Computer modeling and validations of steel gear heat treatment processes using commercial software DANTE

The heat treatment process of a gear made of AISI 9310 carburized steel is modeled using the commercial heat treatment simulation software DANTE. Both carburization and quenching processes affect the residual stress distribution and distortion of heat-treated parts, which are important to service quality and fatigue life. DANTE/VCARB is used to design the boost/diffuse schedule of a vacuum carburization process. Oil quenching is modeled following the vacuum carburization process. Thermal gradient and phase transformation are two main sources of distortion and residual stresses in quenched parts. The relation of the carbon distribution, thermal gradient, and phase transformations during quenching is studied through the gear modeling example. Because of geometry, the residual stress distribution after quenching is non-uniform along the gear surface. In general, the root fillet has higher residual compression than either the root or tooth face locations after traditional oil quenching of carburized gears. The predicted residual stresses from the oil quenching model are imported into a single tooth fatigue bending model. The gear stresses under bending load indicate the possible cracking locations during the bending fatigue test. The importance of heat treatment residual stresses during gear design is pointed out, and it is commonly ignored in the gear design and manufacturing industry.     

Numerical simulation on temperature and stress fields in beryllium during cutting process

The temperature and stress fields in beryllium during high speed cutting process were studied by employing a thermo-mechanically coupled finite element method (FEM). The results show that the temperatures in beryllium increase only a little during the cutting process. Both of the residual stresses for along and normal to the cutting direction are tensile stresses in the surface of beryllium after cutting. The cutting force and thrust force are about 280 and −250 kN/m at the steady stage, respectively. The main effects of coolant on the cutting process are to decrease the friction coefficient and heat between the tool and the workpiece, so to reduce the temperature, but almost no effects are made for stress. This study is helpful to enhance the understanding for stress formation and optimize the process parameters of beryllium.     

High temperature indentation test to improve constitutive model for welding simulation

The high temperature gradients experienced during fusion welding lead to a local dilatation and metallurgical transformations that generate inhomogeneous plastic deformation, residual stresses and distortions in the welded parts which can affect the service life of the structures. To predict such residual stresses and distortions, finite element analysis is nowadays widely used. This work reports a 3D finite element model for welding simulation. The proposed model is based on semi coupled thermo-mechanical analysis using a double ellipsoidal model of heat source. Firstly, a disk heated in its central zone is investigated. Secondly the validation concerns the simulation of a fully 3D two pass butt weld. The idea in this work concerns the calibration of the heat source parameters with the help of the inverse analysis to improve the heat flow predictions. For the stress analysis, an annealing temperature is introduced to force the material to lose its hardening memory above a given temperature. The predicted residual stresses as well as the predicted distortions are found to be sensitive to the annealing temperature.     

GPS隧道控制网横向贯通精度估算

以GPS测量的基线向量为观测量，推导出适合GPS隧道控制网横向贯通精度的计算式．经实例验证，忽略观测量协方差的计算结果与严密计算结果非常接近；采用GPS接收机标称精度进行估算，其结果也满足隧道控制网的要求．这种估算横向贯通精度的方法完全适合GPS隧道控制网的测前设计．算例结果表明，影响隧道横向贯通精度的主要因素是两端洞口进洞基线方位角测量的相对精度．     

双圆弧齿轮传动的啮合特性和有限元模拟

根据双圆弧齿轮啮合原理,对某双圆弧齿轮传动的啮合特性进行分析,在Pro/E参数化建模的基础上,应用有限元方法,对所研究的双圆弧齿轮传动啮合过程的接触状态进行了模拟,确定了齿轮传动的啮合周期和啮合过程中接触应力变化规律,指出了该双圆弧齿轮传动的啮合危险状态和位置,为齿轮传动的优化设计提供了一定的依据.     

FA传动摆线轮齿面接触疲劳强度可靠性分析

在传统的设计中,各种设计变量及参数往往被看成定值,无法定量回答产品在多大程度上是安全的;因此有必要对FA传动减速器的关键零件进行可靠性分析,为整个减速器进行可靠性分析打下基础.本文研究发现,FA传动摆线轮齿面接触应力与齿面接触疲劳强度都呈对数正态分布;结合影响两者分布的因素,建立了FA传动摆线轮齿面接触疲劳强度可靠性分析计算的数学模型.     

Computer Prediction on Stress Distribution During Laser Quenching

IntroductionInprocessofindustry,theproblemscoupIedwiththermaIandfOrceareusuaIIymet.LaserqueIlchinginvolvingphasetransformationisoneofthem.HowtosetupafitmatheInatica1modeltosimulatetl1elaserquenchingprocessandhowtocalculateandanalyzenumericallythestresgdistributionarefolIowedwithinterestbymanyresearchersIl'2'3J.Thoseeffol'tsareimportanttooPtilnizethetechnologyparametersandprovideareliablebasisforimprovingthesyntheticallymechanicspropertiesandtheuseagesofmaterials.Alongwithdevelopmentofcomp…     

Generalization of Results of Computations and Natural Experiments at Steel Parts Quenching

IntroductionThepaPerpresentsthegenera1izationofresultsofnumericalcomputationsandnaturalexperimentsbasedonthesimilaritytheoryandtheoryofregularthermalconditions.Thenumericalcomputationshasbeenmadeonthebasisofsolvingequationsofnon-stationarythermalconductivityandthermoplaSticity.Thegeneralizationofresultsliesinthefactthatwefoundadimensionlessformulaforthedeterminationofthetimeofreachingthemaximumcompressionstressesonthesurfaceofp8rtstobequenched.ThepatstobequenchedaredividedintothreegrouPs:pla…     

地铁电动车组运行模型的研究

牵引计算中,模型是数值仿真的前提,在详细介绍地铁电动国车组纵向力学模型建立过程听基础上,通过进一步分析,推导出单位合力与列车运行加速度的关系,从而得出列车在三种运行工况下的受力及速度变化情况,并提出了列车运车时间和距离的计算方法。     

60Si2Mn钢制六角螺母冲头强韧化热处理的研究

用光学显微镜,硬度计和透射电子显微镜研究了淬火加热温度,回火温度和回火时问对60Si2Mn 钢的显微组织、硬度和亚结构的影响;对60Si2Mn 钢制六角螺母冲头进行了寿命试验;采用模拟理想冷却曲线设计的方便易行、节能省时的强韧化热处理,可显著提高冲头的使用寿命.     

不同输入下汽车操纵稳定性响应品质的比较分析

建立汽车二自由度模型,进行受力分析,给出相应的汽车运动方程,并应用拉氏变换建立角位移输入与力矩输入的传递函数,通过MATLAB软件编程,求解角输入与力矩输入2种输入条件下汽车二自由度模型的特征参数,绘制特征参数随速度变化的关系曲线,分析变化趋势,从而对2种不同输入条件下的汽车操纵稳定性的响应品质进行比较分析。     

钢桥桥面铺装层间剪应力影响因素及简化计算

为了减小钢桥桥面铺装层间剪应力,建立桥面系三维有限元计算模型,分析了不同荷位、钢板厚度、U肋开口宽度、铺装厚度、铺装模量、层间接触条件以及轴载大小对铺装层间纵横向剪应力的影响,推导了实用的应力简化计算公式。研究发现桥面板不均匀变形使得铺装层间剪应力远大于同条件下的路面结构;影响显著的因素依次为轴载大小、钢板厚度、U肋开口宽度以及铺装参数;层间完全光滑有利于抗剪,但降低了桥面系整体刚度;控制重载,加强桥面系刚度与选择柔性层间粘结材料是减小层间剪应力的有效措施。     

弹性轮对的有限元分析

弹性轮对在国外轻轨交通车辆上已使用较为广泛 ,实践表明其在减少轮轨噪声、降低轮轨间的动作用力和提高旅客的乘坐舒适度等方面取得了明显的效果 ,但在国内还处于起步时期。应用有限元分析软件 ANSYS对弹性轮对进行了应力、变形和模态计算分析 ,并与刚性轮对的结果相比较 ,同时 ,研究了橡胶的本构参数对弹性轮对静强度的影响。结果表明 :在静载作用下 ,弹性轮对与刚性轮对的最大等效应力均发生在辐板靠近车轴处 ,但前者的最大等效应力值大于后者 ;橡胶材料常数对弹性轮对的橡胶应力和应变有较大影响 ,应对其合理选取 ;弹性轮对的低阶固有频率低于刚性轮对 ,这会使弹性轮对具有较好的隔振能力     

埋置波纹钢板管涵刚度对其受力性能的影响

为了分析埋置波纹钢板管涵结构的刚柔性及对整体受力性能的影响,建立了考虑土-结相互作用的有限元模型,在其他参数不变的条件下,改变波纹钢板的波形和厚度,分别计算和对比管涵内力、变形及土体变形,分析各种截面类型下波纹钢管涵的刚柔性,并研究各种情况下管涵内力、变形和土体变形分布的特点.结果表明：波纹钢板的截面特性参数改变会导致管涵结构刚柔性的改变;波纹钢板截面刚度的增大,使管涵的变形减小,导致管涵结构受到的土压力增大和管涵的应力增大;应平衡结构的应力和变形,合理选择波纹钢板的截面形式.     

武汉二七长江大桥钢槽梁顶推中局部应力监测与分析

利用混合单元法,对支撑处的钢槽梁进行局部有限元仿真计算,并以武汉二七长江大桥非通航孔6×90 m钢槽梁顶推工程为背景,对钢槽梁关键截面测点应力跟踪测试和处理分析.分析结果表明:顶推过程中,测点实际受力情况与有限元模拟结果吻合比较好,表明选取计算模型是可行的;支撑处钢槽梁实测最大应力未超出钢材允许应力,钢槽梁结构横桥向受...     

Mechanical properties of asphalt pavement structure in highway tunnel

A linear full 3D finite element method （FEM） was performed in order to present the key design parameters of highway tunnel asphalt pavement under double-wheel load on rectangular loaded area considering horizontal contact stress induced by the acceleration/deceleration of vehicles. The key design parameters are the maximum horizontal tensile stresses at the surface of the asphalt layer, the maximum horizontal tensile stresses at the bottom of the asphalt layer and the maximum vertical shear stresses at the surface of the asphalt layer were calculated. The influencing factors such as double-wheel weight; asphalt layer thickness; base course stiffness modulus and thickness; and the contact conditions among the structure layers on these key design parameters were also examined separately to propose construction procedures of highway tunnel asphalt pavement.     

连续刚构桥梁施工控制仿真分析研究

黑沟特大桥为主跨150 m的预应力混凝土连续刚构桥.为保证桥梁成桥线性和应力与设计保持一致,施工中采用了施工控制.文章利用有限元方法建立其仿真分析模型,模拟桥梁的施工及成桥状态,研究悬臂浇筑施工各工况,分析各工况下桥梁结构的变形及内力、应力,并与实测结果对比,表明施工控制仿真分析模型的可靠性,为桥梁施工控制提供参考.     

非椭圆接触面下钢轨三维弹塑性应力分析

轮轨接触应力的计算是轮轨关系的一个重要课题。建立了一个任意形状钢轨和车轮在任意点接触时,接触面形状和接触面力的计算模型,然后把计算出的接触面力作为外载施加到三维弹塑性有限元模型中,进行轨头中部应力的计算,从而构成了一个完整的计算方法。最后的计算结果表明,该方法适用于具有复杂外形特征的轮轨接触应力的计算。