磁控电抗器在北良港变电所无功自动补偿装置中的应用

北良港#3变电所所供电力变化较大,导致其功率因素极低,为此进行了改造,使用了磁控电抗器。介绍了#3变电所的概况。提出了改造要达到的目标,详细介绍了改造方案,作了经济性分析。这一方案达到了节能降耗的目的。     

唱响安全发展构建和谐企业

中远集团2008年安全生产工作电视电话会于1月4日隆重召开。总裁魏家福、党组书记张富生作了重要讲话，肯定了2007年的安全生产工作并提出了新的要求。张良副总裁在会上作了工作报告，全面系统地总结了集团2007年安全生产工作，认真分析了当前中远集团所面临的形势，指出了存在的问题和薄弱环节，提出了一系列的保障措施，部署了今年的安全生产工作任务。国家海事局刘功臣常务副局长到会并作了重要讲话，同时对中远集团安全工作给予了充分的肯定，提出了五点要求。     

超高加筋土挡墙稳定性研究

文中根据工程实践,对超高加筋土挡墙的稳定性进行了深入地研究。给出了针对高落差挡墙的设计方案,阐述了加筋土挡墙稳定性验算的方法和原理,系统地分析了加筋土挡墙的内部稳定性和外部稳定性,最后通过工程实例,验算了两阶超高加筋土挡墙的稳定｜陛,给出了详细的计算结果,为加筋土挡墙的设计提供了理论依据和技术支持。     

服务实战需要

放眼望去,世博正在闪出一团耀眼的光亮,照亮了2010年的中国,照亮了2010年的上海,照亮了创新的追求,照亮了进步的渴望。     

服务实战需要

放眼望去,世博正在闪出一团耀眼的光亮,照亮了2010年的中国,照亮了2010年的上海,照亮了创新的追求,照亮了进步的渴望。     

港口设备运行服务项目的风险管理

港口设备运行服务项目伴随着新的港口设备管理模式应运而生,并获得了成功实践。介绍了秦皇岛港采取的设备运行项目风险管理。介绍了风险管理的目标、机构和流程图,有效降低了项目现实和潜在风险,保障了项目的顺利实施。     

基于GA的大型船舶制造企业风险管理研究

介绍了运用遗传算法（GA）解决实际问题通常包括的步骤。探讨了散货船船体吊装顺序优化,建立了在给定周期下实现成本最小的目标函数,提出了一种改进GA来求解全局最优或者次优的装配顺序,采用了整数编码、单点交叉方法和新的变异方式。采用了最小偏差法,构造了FPSO船型优化的统一目标函数,采用了实数编码,以容量最大、造价最小为目标进行了多目标优化。     

中国海事推演IMO自愿审核机制的成效分析

国际海事组织从推动全球协调、统一履行国际海上人命安全公约（SOLAS）等六个重要公约的角度,建立并实施了自愿审核机制。中国政府积极参加该机制,于2009年11月7—18日自愿接受了IMO审核并取得良好的审核结果。通过审核工作,较好展现了我国政府履约的良好形象。维护了国家航运利益,促进了中国海事管理事权组织方式的改进,丰富和发展了大国海事公共治理内涵,也为全球协调统一履约发挥了积极的推动作用。海事系统通过迎审准备和接受审核,调整了理念,完善了战略规划,加强了能力建设,推动中国海事管理规范化、科学化、制度化发展。     

配筋率对混凝土结构徐变影响的研究

结合工程实际,就配筋率对混凝土结构徐变效应的影响问题进行了探讨,分别建立了不同配筋率的多个有限元模型,计算了不同持荷时间的徐变值及徐变累计值,对配筋率的影响程度进行了分析,得出了一些可供设计参考的结论。     

场桥确保安全控制装置改造方案

为了提高场桥操作和检查维修的安全性,建立了一个可移动式手柄控制系统。介绍了技术改造的方案。阐述了可移动式手柄控制系统的原理。介绍了操作方法和注意事项。这项目取得了良好效果。     

潜艇超空泡技术应用分析

结合目前国内外超空泡技术的发展,论述发展超空泡潜艇的必要性,介绍了超空泡技术基本原理。依据超空泡鱼雷的配置,提出“变形空化器”的概念;论证超空泡潜艇推进和控制系统的选择;分析导引设备和尾舵的作用以及可能出现的问题。结合4种超空泡航行体稳定模式,分析超空泡潜艇水下稳定性问题,提出超空泡潜艇发展设想。结合对潜艇操纵研究,分析超空泡潜艇的水动力特性问题。同时,对 Suboff潜艇模型进行了流场特性的仿真计算,结果表明：潜艇的头部、指挥室的迎风面、指挥室的两侧艇体和潜艇的尾翼均存在一定的沾湿区域。基于此结果,提出相应的改进方案。对超空泡潜艇未来主要工作进行展望。     

台风条件下TLP串行立管系统碰撞分析

TLP立管系统以丛式方阵排列,台风条件下立管在波浪、海流及平台的联合作用下可能发生碰撞,有必要深入研究TLP串行立管系统的碰撞情况。文章基于DNV-RP-F203规范和Huse半经验尾流模型,提出台风条件下串行立管下游立管来流速度计算方法和立管系统碰撞分析方法,建立串行立管—井口—导管系统耦合有限元模型,研究台风条件下串行生产立管系统碰撞时的力学特性,在整体碰撞分析的基础上进行立管局部碰撞精细化分析,对比分析立管局部碰撞理论解和仿真解的不同。结果表明:下游立管来流速度的计算至少采用文中建立的方法迭代3次。串行立管发生碰撞时的最大应力发生在泥面导管处,碰撞位置应力发生了突变;立管发生碰撞的位置在水深100-120 m范围内。立管局部碰撞分析的理论解和仿真解基本吻合。     

攻角空化器的超空泡形态非对称特性研究

为了满足水下高速超空化航行体运动平衡性和稳定性要求,必须采用非对称超空泡流动模式,采用具有非零攻角的空化器是实现该要求的一种重要策略.基于冲量定理,理论分析了非零攻角空化器引起的超空泡轴向变形量随轴向长度的关系,获得了空化器攻角对超空泡非对称性及其影响因素之间的定性和定量关系,其一阶近似与同类文献的结论是一致的,数值模拟表明了所得结论的合理性和分析的正确性.研究表明,非零攻角空化器引起的超空泡轴线变形量与沿空泡长度的距离呈线性规律增加,并在空泡尾部达到最大,不可能单独利用空化器攻角沿空泡长度来中和重力影响.     

Use of SeaWiFS data for light availability and parameter estimation of a phytoplankton production model of the Bay of Biscay

Processing SeaWiFS (Sea-viewing Wide Field-of-view Sensor) data provides useful information for the observation and modelling of the phytoplankton production of the Bay of Biscay. Empirical algorithms allow the retrieval of chlorophyll a and non-living Suspended Particulate Matter (SPM) concentrations. These data are used to constrain a coupled 3D physical–biogeochemical model of the Bay of Biscay continental shelf. Two issues are investigated, depending on the variable used, to constrain the winter to spring phytoplankton production for the year 2001. First, SPM data is used as forcing data to correct the corresponding state variable of our model. This allows the realistic simulation of the light limited bloom at the end of February 2001, as observed with SeaWiFS chlorophyll a images and from the NUTRIGAS field cruise. Second, chlorophyll a data is used for parameter estimation of the biogeochemical model. The ability of assimilating these data is tested to improve the simulation of strong blooms observed in late May 2001 in the Loire and Gironde plumes. A global optimization method (Evolutive Strategies) is adapted to the complete 3-D coupled model, in order to find the best set of parameters. The hydrological conditions during the bloom can be validated with data from the PEL01 field cruise. After selection of the most sensitive parameters, the method is tested with twin experiments. Then, the use of real SeaWiFS data reduces the model/data misfit by a factor of two, improving the simulation of bloom intensities and extensions. The sets of parameters retrieved in each plume are discussed.     

钢-混凝土箱型组合斜拉桥主梁混凝土收缩徐变分析

组合梁斜拉桥兼有混凝土和钢结构的优点,但作为两种材料的结合体,混凝土收缩徐变会引起组合截面的应力重分配,可能促使混凝土裂缝的提前出现或加速裂缝的扩展,从而降低结构的受力性能和耐久性。采用有限元方法分析了混凝土收缩徐变对组合梁斜拉桥主梁应力重分布的影响,并对混凝土的加载龄期的影响进行了参数分析。计算结果表明：混凝土加载龄期越早,组合截面的应力重分布越明显;混凝土收缩徐变对混凝土桥面板的应力影响不大,但对钢梁应力影响较为显著,钢梁的应力增量达到钢材容许应力的30%左右。     

Wind-triggered events of phytoplankton downward flux in the Northeast Water Polynya

Phytoplankton carbon fluxes were studied in the Northeast Water (NEW) Polynya, off the eastern coast of Greenland (79° to 81°N, 6° to 17°W), during summer 1993. The downward flux of organic particles was determined during 54 days using a sediment trap moored at a fixed location, below the pycnocline (130 m). The hypothesis of the present study is that wind events were ultimately responsible for the events of diatoms downward flux recorded in the trap.Wind conditions can influence the vertical transport of phytoplankton by affecting (1) the environmental conditions (e.g. hydrostatic pressure, nutrient concentrations, and irradiance) encountered by phytoplankton during their vertical excursion, and (2) the aggregation and disaggregation of phytoplankton flocs. The first mechanism affects the physiological regulation of buoyancy, whereas the second one affects the size and shape of settling particles.Using field data (wind velocity, density profiles and phytoplankton abundance), we assessed the potential aggregation and the vertical excursion of phytoplankton in surface waters. The results show that, upstream from the trap, wind and hydrodynamic conditions were sometimes favourable to the downward export of phytoplankton. Lag-correlation between time series of wind and phytoplankton downward flux shows that flux events lagged wind events by ca. 16 days. Given that the average current velocity in the top 100 m was ca. 10 cm s⁻¹, a lag of 16 days corresponded to a lateral transport of ca. 130 km, upstream from the sediment trap, where phytoplankton production was lower than at the location of the trap. According to that scenario, 21% to 60% of primary production was exported to depth during wind events. If we had assumed instead a tight spatial coupling between the material collected in the trap and the relatively high phytoplankton production at the location of the trap, we would have concluded that <7% of primary production was exported to depth. The difference between the two scenarios has great implications for the fate of phytoplankton. Our results stress the importance of investigating the spatial coupling between surface and trap data before assessing the pathways of phytoplankton carbon cycling.     

土工格栅加固港区道路基层效果分析

我国华南港区,高温多雨,因荷载轮压很大造成路面不同程度的破坏。港区道路基层强度承载能力决定港区道路使用性能。考虑港区深软土地基,基于塑性理论,运用有限元软件模拟分析土工格栅加固港区道路基层效果。分析研究表明,采用有限元方法模拟土工格栅加固港区基层的结果与试验段结果相对应;弯沉与极限荷载成反比关系,弯沉值小,极限荷载大,表明土工格栅能提高港区基层结构承载能力,并且,土工格栅放置位置越接近面层,加固效果越好。     

Mechanical model and characteristics of deep-water drilling riser-wellhead system under internal solitary waves

Internal solitary waves with a huge amount of energy easily trigger the large dynamic responses of riser-wellhead system and threaten its structural safety. However, previous studies have only focused on the dynamic response of the riser under internal solitary waves. The riser may experience excessive traction from the platform, especially from the mooring platform, in response to the arrival of internal solitary waves. The bottom of the riser connects to the wellhead system, which in turn exerts a reaction force on the riser. To address this problem, a coupled dynamic model of deep-water drilling mooring platform-riser-wellhead system under internal solitary waves is developed in this paper. A dynamic response analysis method based on the fourth-order Runge-Kutta method and finite element method is also proposed for the mooring platform-riser-wellhead system. A dynamical solver for the coupled system is then developed using MATLAB. The dynamic response characteristics of the riser-wellhead system under internal solitary waves are calculated. Results show that the displacement and bending moment of the system initially increases and then decreases along with the propagation of internal solitary waves, and finally reach equilibrium position. The displacement and bending moment reach their peak before the trough of internal solitary waves passes through the riser-wellhead system. The dynamic responses of the riser-wellhead system under the influence of internal solitary wave loads are much larger than those without the effect of internal solitary wave loads. The riser system experiences shearing loads at the interface of internal solitary waves, which trigger a step-like bending moment variation. The bending moment of the conductor under the mudline is greatly increased by the internal solitary waves.     

USB同步传输在实时数据采集中的应用

讨论了基于USB接口的同步多路数据采集系统的设计。采用单片机控制数据实时采样，在主机WDM驱动程序设计中利用链表技术增加IRP(I／0Request Packet)USB总线驱动程序提交URB(USB Request Block)的数量，改善了采样数据的完整性，使整个采集系统的实时性能有所提高。     

The impact of exceptionally warm summer inflow events on the environmental conditions in the Bornholm Basin

In late summer 2002 and 2003, exceptionally warm inflow events of saline water were observed in the Baltic. These warm saline waters were embedded in the halocline of the Bornholm Basin and caused a strong anomaly of the seasonal temperature cycle. The temperature in October 2002 was the highest ever observed in the halocline of the Bornholm Basin.Although the oxygen content of the inflowing water was only about 1.5 ml l^− 1 at the Darss Sill, it caused a moderate ventilation of the halocline in the Bornholm Basin. On the way through the Arkona Basin, the entrainment of ambient water increased the oxygen content of the inflowing saline water masses.Warm summer inflows were rare events in the last 50 years, but their frequency has increased since 1990. This is likely caused by climate change. The analysis of a 50-year time series of hydrographic parameters reveals significant changes of the thermal regime around the year 1988. The winter surface and intermediate water temperatures of the Bornholm Basin increased by about 1 °C. Also, the duration of warm water in the surface layer was prolonged after 1988. A high correlation between the minimum intermediate winter water temperatures and the NAO winter index was found.Since temperature is a key parameter for many biological processes various responses of the ecosystem to the change in hydrographic conditions could be expected. Possible biological implications of the warm inflow events for the ecosystem are discussed.