“公路指路标志分层选取标准化研究”项目通过验收

<正>日前,交通运输部标准、计量及质量研究项目"公路指路标志分层选取标准化研究"通过专家验收,研究成果将为广大公路建设、设计、运营、管理单位开展指路标志设计与审查工作提供切实可行的依据和参考。2012年3月,交通安全工程研究中心(交通运输部公路科学研究所)承担了交通运输部标准、计量及质量研究项目"公路指路标志分层选取标准化     

北京城市客运交通枢纽存在的问题及分析

北京城市客运交通枢纽存在布局不尽合理、与周边路网衔接协调性差、交通枢纽换乘设施不便利等问题。造成这些问题的主要原因包括对交通枢纽重要性认识不到位、管理体制和规划制度不合理、规划理念的相对落后等方面。     

基于大数据的综合交通枢纽客流监测系统设计研究

综合交通枢纽主要就是集机场、高速公路交通、铁路交通、地铁交通、长途客运交通、公交交通等于一体的交通枢纽,是城市整体交通系统中非常重要的节点。为此,文章提出基于大数据的综合交通枢纽客流监测系统设计建议和系统的应用措施,旨在为提升综合交通枢纽的客流监测效果提供参考。     

中卫全国性综合交通枢纽城市规划研究

通过构建枢纽城市枢纽体系研究,提升城市综合交通服务能力及城市辐射能级。以中卫打造全国性综合交通枢纽城市为例,在分析中卫综合交通枢纽发展基础上,研判中卫综合交通形势及需求,分析中卫综合交通枢纽城市建设的总体思路、规划方案和综合交通枢纽高质量发展内容,并提出推进规划实施的保障措施。     

基于改进TOPSIS的城市客运综合交通枢纽评价

城市客运综合交通枢纽规划方案的优劣对城市综合交通系统的建设发展具有重大影响。为了提高城市客运综合交通枢纽规划方案评价的客观性和准确性,结合城市客运综合交通枢纽客流衔接换乘的系统分析,从多维角度出发构建了城市客运综合交通枢纽规划方案评价的多层次指标体系,在遵循方案评价基本原理及城市客运综合交通枢纽特点的基础上,提出了基于改进逼近理想点排序法的评价方法,用于城市客运综合交通枢纽方案的评价,建立城市客运综合交通枢纽综合评价模型。     

铁路路网能力评价系统研究

路网能力评价系统综合了运行图优化法和仿真法,形成了一套闭合的反馈调整方法。系统包含的主要功能:运行图压缩,运行图加密,路网仿真和路网瓶颈甄别与疏导等。     

上海虹桥机场2号航站楼启用

3月16日，上海虹桥国际机场2号航站楼作为上海虹桥综合交通枢纽的主体项目之一率先投入运营。2号航站楼、机场第二跑道以及部分配套轨道交通、地面公交投入运营后，周边配套路网的高架路、地面道路也将同步开通。同时，铁路虹桥站、长途客运站等重大交通设施建设已进入冲刺阶段。     

重庆市菜园坝综合交通枢纽交通疏解方案研究

为提升城市品质和交通疏解需要,作为成渝高铁终点站,重庆火车站将提升改造为城市综合客运交通枢纽。交通疏解方案是综合交通枢纽建设成败的关键,经过对重庆站的特殊地理位置、地形特点、交通设施及交通现状进行分析,并结合现状交通调查分析成果及重庆站改造方案,研究了菜园坝综合交通枢纽外部分流方案、综合交通接驳方案、既有道路衔接及交通分流措施等,确定了交通疏解方案,明确了下一步工作的方向,也为类似综合交通枢纽的建设和改造提供参考。     

综合交通枢纽布局方案优化思路

本文分析了综合交通枢纽的布局影响因素,提出了综合交通枢纽布局优化的总体思路,分析得出了综合交通枢纽的布局方案,在基于综合交通枢纽需求权评价指标体系的基础上,以节点总需求权距离最小为优化目标,构造了综合交通枢纽的布局优化问题,并阐述了该问题的构造过程和优化求解方法。     

综合交通枢纽灾害防控中的管理因素研究

综合交通枢纽的建设是我国城市综合交通体系发展的必然趋势,同时也给城市安全提出了新的课题——综合交通枢纽灾害的防控。本文将综合交通枢纽的灾害防控因素分为:环境、设备、人员和管理四类,提出了综合交通枢纽灾害防控中的管理因素分析框架和管理因素作用框架。     

The road network management system in Slovakia

Traffic on the road network in Slovakia is increasing greatly, as a result of the country's location in central Europe. In recent years, transit truck traffic has exceeded the network's capacity causing many accidents, low vehicle speed and rapid degradation of the pavement. To deal with this situation a Road Network Management System (RNMS) has been developed. This system is based on national standards that evaluate road parameters, characteristics, and traffic levels and on new methods that consider the environmental impact and methods based on international standards (HDM III). Using these, the RNMS was developed as one homogeneous unit, not only in terms of its capacity, traffic level and economic efficiency, but also to evaluate individual sections, to optimize action, and prepare a rehabilitation budget. It took only five years to develop the RNMS because Slovakia has much relevant experience based on high level research in highway design, structural pavement design and material engineering.     

从《道路交通安全法》看公路运输市场安全治理

道路运输安全是一项需综合治理的系统工程,不仅需要社会各方相互配合,更需要相应的法律手段进行规制。文章阐述了《道路交通安全法》在规范运输市场安全秩序中的作用,分析了《道路交通安全法》实施后我国公路运输市场现状及存在的问题,提出了推进道路交通运输市场规范化发展的对策建议。     

Traffic signal timing problems with environmental and equity considerations

Traffic signal timings in a road network can not only affect total user travel time and total amount of traffic emissions in the network but also create an inequity problem in terms of the change in travel costs of users traveling between different locations. This paper proposes a multi‐objective bi‐level programming model for design of sustainable and equitable traffic signal timings for a congested signal‐controlled road network. The upper level of the proposed model is a multi‐objective programming problem with an equity constraint that maximizes the reserve capacity of the network and minimizes the total amount of traffic emissions. The lower level is a deterministic network user equilibrium problem that considers the vehicle delays at signalized intersections of the network. To solve the proposed model, an approach for normalizing incommensurable objective functions is presented, and a heuristic solution algorithm that combines a penalty function approach and a simulated annealing method is developed. Two numerical examples are presented to show the effects of reserve capacity improvement and green time proportion on network flow distribution and transportation system performance and the importance of incorporating environmental and equity objectives in the traffic signal timing problems. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Stability of transportation networks under adaptive routing policies

Growing concerns regarding urban congestion, and the recent explosion of mobile devices able to provide real-time information to traffic users have motivated increasing reliance on real-time route guidance for the online management of traffic networks. However, while the theory of traffic equilibria is very well-known, fewer results exist on the stability of such equilibria, especially in the context of adaptive routing policy. In this work, we consider the problem of characterizing the stability properties of traffic equilibria in the context of online adaptive route choice induced by GPS-based decision making. We first extend the recent framework of “Markovian Traffic Equilibria” (MTE), in which users update their route choice at each intersection of the road network based on traffic conditions, to the case of non-equilibrium conditions, while preserving consistency with known existence and uniqueness results on MTE. We then exhibit sufficient conditions on the network topology and the latency functions for those MTEs to be stable in the sense of Lyapunov for a single destination problem. For various more restricted classes of network topologies motivated by the observed properties of travel patterns in the Singapore network, under certain assumptions we prove local exponential stability of the MTE, and derive analytical results on the sensitivity of the characteristic time of convergence to network and traffic parameters. The results proposed in this work are illustrated and validated on synthetic toy problems as well as on the Singapore road network with real demand and traffic data.     

西部公路交通安全应用技术成果推介

西部课题项目＂公路交通安全应用技术研究＂通过对道路交通设施进行系统的分析,提出并确定道路设计、建设、养护以及交通控制与管理方面的安全改善措施,为降低事故率、改善道路安全提供科学依据。本篇对该技术研究成果进行介绍,以进一步推广使用。     

山东省2006、2007年交通现代化实现度的测算

借助《山东省交通现代化评判方法及指标体系的研究》课题的成果,依据山东交通评价指标体系对山东省2006、2007年的交通现代化实现度进行测算,提出了公路建设、道路运输、水路运输不同领域发展的意见和建议。     

城市交通系统通行性影响因素及计算理论

文章分析了震后城市交通系统通行性的影响因素,提出了包含路段单元通行概率、路段连通概率及路网连通概率的城市交通系统通行性计算理论,为城市路网的连通可靠性评价提供参考。     

道路环境对交通安全的影响及对策

交通安全,涉及到人、车以及道路和环境等很多因素。近年来,因为各种原因使得有关单位以及人员将更多的将精力放在人、车、道路这几个因素上,对道路交通环境没有过多的考虑和研究。深入研究道路交通环境,有利于道路交通的安全,文章通过对其的研究和分析,得出有关道路交通环境对交通安全的影响和解决措施,对于防止道路交通安全事故具有重要意义。同时为人们的生命财产的安全提供保障、对构建社会主义和谐社会具有很大帮助。     

A methodology to control urban traffic noise under the constraint of environmental capacity: A case study of a double-decision optimization model

This paper presents a novel methodology to control urban traffic noise under the constraint of environmental capacity. Considering the upper limits of noise control zones as the major bottleneck to control the maximum traffic flow is a new idea. The urban road network traffic is the mutual or joint behavior of public self-selection and management decisions, so is a typical double decision optimization problem.The proposed methodology incorporates theoretically model specifications. Traffic noise calculation model and traffic assignment model for O–D matrix are integrated based on bi-level programming method which follows an iterated process to obtain the optimal solution. The upper level resolves the question of how to sustain the maximum traffic flow with noise capacity threshold in a feasible road network. The user equilibrium method is adopted in the lower layer to resolve the O–D traffic assignment.The methodology has been applied to study area of QingDao, China. In this illustrative case, the noise pollution level values of optimal solution could satisfy the urban environmental noise capacity constraints. Moreover, the optimal solution was intelligently adjusted rather than simply reducing the value below a certain threshold. The results indicate that the proposed methodology is feasible and effective, and it can provide a reference for a sustainable development and noise control management of the urban traffic.     

临时关闭道路以疏导城市道路交通流的可行性分析

文章基于Braess悖论,以单位车辆的平均出行时间为最优目标,以网络道路系统为约束条件,从逆向思维角度建立了通过临时关闭道路引导交通流以缓解城市道路交通拥挤的Narsh均衡非线性规划模型,并以北京二环道路网络为研究对象进行了实例分析。结果表明,在城市道路网中,关闭部分路段并不能明显缓解交通拥堵现状,但可以在不影响路网整体通行时间的条件下改善路网局部拥堵状况。建议城市道路交通临时疏导方案应该根据路网交通流的分布特点和道路通过能力等因素进行制订。