《金康合同》释义

第8条 货物留滞条款Lien Clause 8. Lien Clause The Owners shall have a lien on thecargo and on all sub- freights payable inrespect of the cargo, for freight, dead-freight,demurrage,claims for damages andfor all other amounts due under this Char-ter Party including costs of recoveringsame. 船东对基于货物运输而产生的附带运费(sub—freight)、运费、亏舱费、滞期费     

《金康合同》释义

第10条 取消条款Cancelling Clause 10. Cancelling Clause (a) Should the Vessel not be ready to load (whether in berth or not)on the cancelling date indi cated in Box 21, the Charterers shall have the option of can celling this Charter Party. (b) Should the Owners anticipate that, despite the exercise of due diligence,     

Legal Problems Concerning ＂Other Maritime Liens＂

“Other maritime liens“ as contained in Artide 6 of Convention 1993 is enacted on the basis of Convention 1967. The Convention 1967 provides that each contracting state may grant liens or rights of retention so as to secure claims other than those as referred ID in Article 4. Such liens shall rank after all maritime liens as set out in Article 4 and after all registered and “hypotheques“ which comply with the provisions of Article 1;     

《金康合同》释义

第2条 船东责任条款(Owntr’s Responslbllity Clause The Owners are to be responsible forloss of or damage othe goods or for delay indelivery of the goods only in case the loss,damage or delay has been Caused personalwant of due diligence on the part of theOwnera or their Manager to make the Vesselin all respects seaworthy and to secure thatShe is properly manned,equlppea and sup-plied,or by the personal act or default of theOwners or their Manager.     

Special Issue on Fluid Structure Interaction

<正>All structures at sea are in contact with the water and thus the knowledge of the interaction effects between the fluid and the structure is essential.Depending on the characteristics of the structure,of the fluid and of the relative motion,different mechanisms may be in place and thus different mathematical models may be required for the computation of its interaction.     

利用AGM求解粘弹性地基刚性梁的非线性控制微分方程（英文）

In the present paper a vibrational differential equation governing on a rigid beam on viscoelastic foundation has been investigated. The nonlinear differential equation governing on this vibrating system is solved by a simple and innovative approach, which has been called Akbari-Ganji’s method(AGM). AGM is a very suitable computational process and is usable for solving various nonlinear differential equations. Moreover, using AGM which solving a set of algebraic equations, complicated nonlinear equations can easily be solved without any mathematical operations.Also, the damping ratio and energy lost per cycle for three cycles have been investigated. Furthermore, comparisons have been made between the obtained results by numerical method(Runk45) and AGM. Results showed the high accuracy of AGM. The results also showed that by increasing the amount of initial amplitude of vibration(A), the value of damping ratio will be increased, and the energy lost per cycle decreases by increasing the number of cycle. It is concluded that AGM is a reliable and precise approach for solving differential equations. On the other hand, it is better to say that AGM is able to solve linear and nonlinear differential equations directly in most of the situations. This means that the final solution can be obtained without any dimensionless procedure.Therefore, AGM can be considered as a significant progress in nonlinear sciences.     

Super Classification Society Triggers a New Structure in Cold Winter

On the 20th of December,2012,Det Norske Veritas (DNV) and Germanischer Lloyd (GL) respectively published the news on their home pages that a merger agreement had been signed by both parties.With the advent of the Christmas holiday,the media has enteredinto a quiet period.However,the merger between DNV and GL has undoubtedly had a significant and profound influence on the international maritime industry,and the birth of the super classification society might be just a new beginning.     

A study on Implementation of Automatic Gatehouse System in Container Terminal

As we know,Gatehouse (Gate-In /Gate-Out) business is one of the most important sections in the operation of container terminal(CT).On one hand,Gate-In is the first checkpoint for all export container cargoes to CTs,where we should make clear the related responsibilities of container cargoes between shippers and CTs.On the other hand,Gate-Out is the last checkpoint for all import cargoes from CTs,where the relevant liabilities of container cargoes should be distinguished by CTs and consignees,too.The CT where I work now is in Europe and ourlabor costs are much higher than those in China.In this case,in January,2010,we began to study and designanautomatic gatehouse system(AGS) in order to lower relevant costs by accelerating the passage of containers through Gate-In and Gate-Out and reducing the number of container inspectorsas well.     

TLP型风力机的空气动力学影响及发电预测(英文)

This research proposes a new offshore wind energy generation system that uses a tension leg platform (TLP) and describes experiments performed on a TLP type wind turbine in both waves and wind. The following conclusions can be made from the results of this research. 1) In the case of coexisting wave-wind fields, the wind effect stabilizes the pitch motion. 2) The wind effect decreases vibration of the mooring lines when waves and wind coexist. In particular, the springing (2nd or 3rd order force) also decreases in this field. 3) It can be estimated that the reduction in the rate of generation of electrical power can be up to about 6% as a result of the heel angle. In addition, the annual amount of electricity generated was estimated along with the utilization factor based on the experimental results.     

Dalian Container Terminal for 21st Century

Year of 1999 is the year of 50th anniversary of the founding of the People's Republic of China, and 100th anniversary of the founding of Dalian City and port of Dalian. This year, Dalian Container Terminal Co. Ltd. (DCT) will also celebrate its 3rd anniversary of founding. On behalf of all DCT staff, I would llke to express our gratitude to all the friends and our business patroness. DCT is a joint venture between PSA Corporations and Port of Dalian Authority and commenced perations on July 1, 1996. In the past three years, with support from relevant communities, DCT has been growing up gradually. Recently, DCT was awarded the "Best Container Terminal Operator" in 13th Asian Freight Industry Awards, and ranked 11th in Asian Ports in terms of cargo volumes handled. DCT is the only Chinese Mainland port to achieve the honor.     

优化船用柴油机的性能以减少氧化硫SO_x排放物的形成（英文）

Optimization procedures are required to minimize the amount of fuel consumption and exhaust emissions from marine engines.This study discusses the procedures to optimize the performance of any marine engine implemented in a 0D/1D numerical model in order to achieve lower values of exhaust emissions. From that point, an extension of previous simulation researches is presented to calculate the amount of SO_x emissions from two marine diesel engines along their load diagrams based on the percentage of sulfur in the marine fuel used. The variations of SO_x emissions are computed in g/k W·h and in parts per million(ppm) as functions of the optimized parameters: brake specific fuel consumption and the amount of air-fuel ratio respectively.Then, a surrogate model-based response surface methodology is used to generate polynomial equations to estimate the amount of SO_x emissions as functions of engine speed and load. These developed non-dimensional equations can be further used directly to assess the value of SO_x emissions for different percentages of sulfur of the selected or similar engines to be used in different marine applications.     

在海上航运中用于位置感知管理和控制系统的可重用C++类的开发(英文)

Location aware management and location based automation are fast upcoming technologies which are facilitated by availability of reliable, accurate, and cheap global positioning systems and location based services. This paper discusses the development of C++ classes, which may be used for development of software for location aware management and control, specifically in merchant shipping, so as to provide improved safety, increased automation, prevention of pollution and reducing the work burden of the crew. The GPS is used in conjunction with the regionally accessible nested global shorelines (RANGS) dataset for this purpose. The design of two main C++ classes named CShorelines and CGPSInput have been discussed. A control system mandatory on all oil-tankers above 150 GRT (and few other vessels) called ODMCS has been made location aware using the novel software developed and the results obtained have been critically examined and presented.     

The hydraulic performance and structural integrity of A-Jack armour layer

A-Jacks are concrete armor units that are used in both open channel and coastal applications.In open channel applications,they are used for bank and toe protection,flow and grade control,bridge pier scour protection,energy dissipation,and habitat.These small units may be fabricated in standard block machines.In coastal applications,A-Jacks are used in breakwaters,jetties,revetments,and habitat development.Coastal units are generally much larger and more robust than the small open channel units.This paper focuses on coastal applications and in particular,combines results on three topics:(1)recent hydraulic model studies,(2)alternative fabrication methods,and(3)bundle placement construction methods.Hydraulic models studies were conducted that examined the standard random and uniform placement methods,and also the bundle placement method.In bundle placement,3~20 A-Jacks are banded together,lifted with a spreader bar,and placed as a single crane pick.This significantly decreases installation time during construction.It also provides a more hydraulically stable placement technique.The hydraulic model tests examined the bundle stability in random waves for cases where the binding remains in tack and is removed.The geometry of A-Jacks enables a variety of fabrication techniques.One option is to fabricate the A-Jacks as two pieces using flat forms and then grout the two pieces together.Flat forms may be used in conventional block machines for A-Jacks sizes up to 1.3 m.Larger sizes may be wet cast in flat forms or gang forms.The A-Jacks geometry has been recently modified to increase grouting efficient and strength.Large A- Jacks may also be cast in a single piece using "clam shell" type forms.     

WARC——储存亿万在线数据的新的ISO文件格式

A Web page that is here today, may not be here tomorrow. A new ISO standard, ISO 28500：2009, Information and documentation - WARC file format, will ensure that the vast and often valuable information posted on the Web is not lost when a page changes or disappears.     

摩洛哥大西洋沿岸的波能评估（英文）

The aim of the present work is to assess the offshore wave energy potential along the Atlantic coast of Morocco. Research works of this paper focus on the identification of the most energetic sites for wave energy converters(WECs) deployment. For this purpose, 11 sites have been explored; all of them are located at more than 40 m depth on the Moroccan Atlantic coast. The wave power at each site is computed on the basis of wave data records in terms of significant wave height and energy period provided by the Wave Watch three(WW3) model. Results indicate that the coast sites located between latitudes 30° 30′ N and 33° N are the most energetic with an annual average wave power estimated at about 30 kW· m~(-1), whereas, in the other sites, the wave power is significantly lower. Moreover, the study of the monthly and seasonal temporal variability is found to be uniform in the powerful sites with values four times greater in winter than in summer. The directional investigation on the significant wave height has shown that for almost all the powerful sites, the incoming waves have a dominant sector ranging between Northern(N) and Western-Northern-Western(WNW) directions.     

一种改进的海洋平台结构损伤诊断方法研究(英文)

In the exploitation of ocean oil and gas, many offshore structures may be damaged due to the severe environment, so an effective method of diagnosing structural damage is urgently needed to locate the damage and evaluate its severity. Genetic algorithms have become some of the most important global optimization tools and been widely used in many fields in recent years because of their simple operation and strong robustness. Based on the natural frequencies and mode shapes of the structure, the damage diagnosis of a jacket offshore platform is attributed to an optimization problem and studied by using a genetic algorithm. According to the principle that the structural stiffness of a certain direction can be greatly affected only when the brace bar in the corresponding direction is damaged, an improved objective function was proposed in this paper targeting measurement noise and the characteristics of modal identification for offshore platforms. This function can be used as fitness function of a genetic algorithm, and both numerical simulation and physical model test results show that the improved method may locate the structural damage and evaluate the severity of a jacket offshore platform satisfactorily while improving the robustness of evolutionary searching and the reliability of damage diagnosis.     

水下等离子体声源聚焦性能仿真及误差分析(英文)

Focused underwater plasma sound sources are being applied in more and more fields. Focusing performance is one of the most important factors determining transmission distance and peak values of the pulsed sound waves. The sound source’s components and focusing mechanism were all analyzed. A model was built in 3D Max and wave strength was measured on the simulation platform. Error analysis was fully integrated into the model so that effects on sound focusing performance of processing-errors and installation-errors could be studied. Based on what was practical, ways to limit the errors were proposed. The results of the error analysis should guide the design, machining, placement, debugging and application of underwater plasma sound sources.     

Experimental research on friction-reduction with super-hydrophobic surfaces

Many recent studies have confirmed the existence of liquid slip over particular types of solid surfaces, and these so-called super-hydrophobic surfaces have been shown to generate effective liquid slip because of the air trapped between the surface structures. In this paper, based on boundary layer theory, the microscopic structure of the super-hydrophobic surface is analyzed. The liquid slip effect on friction-reduction over super-hydrophobic surfaces under various flow conditions is investigated by experiments with a flume and water tunnel. The experimental results show that the greatest amount of drag-reduction that can be achieved is 8.76% at a low Re.     

海水管道控制阀中与旁路阀门相关的挑战（英文）

Modern processing plants use a variety of control loop networks to deliver a finished product to the market. Such control loops,like control valves, are designed to keep process variables such as pressure, temperature, speed, flow, etc. within the appropriate operating range and to ensure a quality product is produced. All control valves have a bypass so that production can proceed if maintenance is needed for the control valve as part of the control loop. The important point is that in both operation and maintenance situations, the bypass valve and the control valve should have approximately the same flow capacity to provide nearly the same amount of pressure. This paper presents a case study in seawater service on the selection of manual bypass valves for a 16″ control valve in class 150 and titanium material. A 16″ butterfly valve of class 150 was chosen for the control valve bypass, which provided a much higher flow capacity than the control valve. In this paper, four solutions are recommended to achieve the same coefficient value(Cv) for the control and bypass valve. Using the reduced size butterfly valve could be the cheapest and best solution. On the other hand, selecting the same control valve for bypass line is the most expensive but maybe the most reliable solution. Using a flow orifice for throttling could be ranked as the second expensive option and the second reliable one. Selection of butterfly valve for throttling is the second cheapest option, but it has the least reliability. Different parameters such as space and weight saving, cost as well as reliability have been considered in evaluation of different solutions.     

基于内聚力单元法的船舶与重叠冰碰撞数值模拟研究（英文）

The gradual increase in shipping and drilling activities in the Arctic regions has resulted in the increased importance of studying the structural safety of polar ships in various ice conditions. Rafted ice refers to a type of accumulated and overlapped sea ice; it is driven by external forces, such as wind and waves, and may exert high loads on ships and threaten their structural safety. Therefore, the properties of rafted ice and the construction of numerical models should be studied before ex...