Information technology network security risk assessment and management framework for shipping companies

Shipping companies are high-vulnerability information handling organizations (HIHOs). In the past, such companies used exclusively HIHO private communication networks and own satellite resources in order to share and transport sensitive information. In recent years, the ability for the HIHO network users to exploit the advantages of the low-vulnerability information handling organizations’ (LIHOs) value added networks, has led to the need for augmentation of the HIHO networks. In the maritime sector, a push-and-pull effect on the need and demand to transfer information onboard and ashore has led many companies to experiment with interconnected HIHO and LIHO open distributed systems and networks, for their ship-to-shore communications. Security then becomes an issue in a domain, onboard–ashore data transmissions, where little information on the level of risk is available. This paper proposes a risk assessment and management framework to assist in countermeasure selection and level of LIHO network use definition. The model is ultimately applicable where information on potential risks and their impact is minimum and simultaneously changeable. The model is connected to a security profile for interconnected HIHO and LIHO open distributed systems and networks.     

大连港集装箱码头拖车新型运输模式研究

为进一步节约能源,提高效率,根据大连港集装箱码头分布特点及运行现状,研究一种新型集装箱拖车运输模式。介绍集装箱码头牵引车辆新型运输模式。进行可行性、经济性分析。该模式以一体化、网络化、智能化的管理方式实现提高港口整体装卸效率。     

一种分布式作战系统数据采集模型

为实现分布式舰载作战系统状态监测,需要研究分布式系统数据采集的一般技术。首先研究分析了分布式系统的特性及常见模型,讨论了作战系统数据采集的技术难点,并在此基础上,通过结合作战系统分布式网络的特点,提出了一个通用的数据采集模型。基于该模型开发的数据采集系统已应用于新型舰载作战系统上,较好地解决了作战系统网络的数据采集分析问题。     

Influence of Governance Context on the Management Performance of Marine Protected Area Networks

In the Philippines, networks of marine protected areas (MPAs) are more complex than individual MPAs, primarily due to involvement of multiple governance units. Hence, there is a need to understand the influence of governance context of networks on management performance. We addressed this need indirectly by evaluating the participation of network members and the governance capacity of three MPA networks with varying sizes, histories, and compositions of local governments and constituencies. We defined participation as the involvement of local governments and other stakeholders in decision-making processes. We defined governance capacity as the ability to govern interactions of social, economic, and political processes and dynamics in a political unit. We used qualitative, semi-structured key informant interviews and focus group discussions to ascertain whether participation and governance capacity are influenced by network size, institutional arrangements, and social and political contexts. We found that the sizes of the MPA networks did not affect participation and governance capacity. Instead, participation and capacity were influenced by institutional arrangements and the socioeconomic and political contexts of the local governments involved. We found that less complicated network objectives and systems for engagement, more inclusive membership, better communication, incentive systems, and strong leadership enhanced participation and governance capacity.     

基于综合信息网的潜艇通信支持系统

潜艇综合信息网是以SDH光纤环网为基础、以多业务综合为目的的信息传送平台，各应用系统的设备和用户散布在潜艇上的不同部位，它们通过接入网连到潜艇综合信息网，构成一个应用网，如作战信启、网、内部通信网、外部通信网等。在潜艇综合信息网的框架内可以很方便地构建通信支持系统，形成内外通综合的通信系统，它是一个分布式系统，具有结构简单、方便作战指挥、智能化程度高的特点，可以充分实现潜艇通信自动化。     

基于贝叶斯网络的港口生产安全评价方法

将基于贝叶斯网络的概率安全评价方法引入港口生产作业安全评价中,提出了将故障树分析法转换为贝叶斯网络的步骤,建立了基于贝叶斯网络的安全评价模型。通过在贝叶斯网络模型上进行推理求解,进行前向的风险预测和后向的诊断分析。最后通过对码头前沿机损的安全评价实例说明该评价方法的合理性和有效性。     

An ERP approach for container terminal operating systems

The major characteristics of ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning) are an enterprise-wide system that covers all the business functions and information resources, integrated database, built-in best industry practice, packaged software and open architecture. ERP enables reduction of system development time, flexibility, standardization of workflow and effective business planning capability. ERP is mainly for the manufacturing industry. However, the principles of ERP can also be applied to container terminal operating systems. This paper presents an ERP system approach for a container terminal. It has clustered the workflow of a container terminal and analysed the business process to generate the best workflows. The integrated database is designed to eliminate redundancy and keep integration. The core of ERP for container terminal is the planning facility such as berth planning and yard planning. The planning capability is very tightly coupled with data flow from client entities such as shipping companies. The ERP can handle the existing problems of container terminal operation that are mainly caused by lack of integration of a whole information resource in a container terminal, ad-hoc and poor planning capability, disconnected and incorrect data from client companies. The ERP approach can not only resolve the problems of container terminals but also promote adoption of information systems for container terminals in the world that have not yet implemented terminal operating systems.     

基于改进的神经网络的船舶碰撞危险度的模型

针对船舶碰撞危险度具有模糊性、不确定性等特点,依据模糊理论方法建立的船舶碰撞危险度的数学模型,直接采用来船航速、来船航向、来船对本船的相对舷角和来船对本船距离作为神经网络的输入,采用Levenberg-Mrquardt优化算法这种改进的BP神经网络进行训练和仿真,并与标准BP算法和动量BP算法进行比较,发现经过改进的网络求得碰撞危险度比标准BP算法和动量BP算法具有更好的效果,网络能够更有效收敛,大大提高了网络的收敛速度和泛化能力。     

An ERP approach for container terminal operating systems

The major characteristics of ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning) are an enterprise-wide system that covers all the business functions and information resources, integrated database, built-in best industry practice, packaged software and open architecture. ERP enables reduction of system development time, flexibility, standardization of workflow and effective business planning capability. ERP is mainly for the manufacturing industry. However, the principles of ERP can also be applied to container terminal operating systems. This paper presents an ERP system approach for a container terminal. It has clustered the workflow of a container terminal and analysed the business process to generate the best workflows. The integrated database is designed to eliminate redundancy and keep integration. The core of ERP for container terminal is the planning facility such as berth planning and yard planning. The planning capability is very tightly coupled with data flow from client entities such as shipping companies. The ERP can handle the existing problems of container terminal operation that are mainly caused by lack of integration of a whole information resource in a container terminal, ad-hoc and poor planning capability, disconnected and incorrect data from client companies. The ERP approach can not only resolve the problems of container terminals but also promote adoption of information systems for container terminals in the world that have not yet implemented terminal operating systems.     

Ad Hoc分布式虚拟骨干网构建算法

为AdHoc自组网构建虚拟骨干网可有效降低网管维护开销。连通支配集（ConnectedDominatingSet,CDS）是一种虚拟骨干网模型之一,但连通支配集的构建通常需要获得整个网的拓扑结构。论文提出了一种基于拓扑分层的极小连通支配集分布式构造算法——LMCDS算法,该算法生成的CDS节点数目较少,算法复杂度优于经典的WAN算法。     

我国船舶产业智能制造及其标准化现状与趋势

智能制造是“中国制造2025”的主攻方向,对促进我国船舶产业的发展具有重大意义。智能制造的核心是建立互联互通的网络化工业生态,需要标准体系作为支撑。本文讨论智能制造相关技术和标准化趋势,认为现阶段船舶产业制造端宜在巩固夯实已有的数字化和自动化基础上,在互联互通和信息融合层面上进行重点突破。智能制造标准体系与现有的船舶工业标准体系在技术领域上有交集,但关注角度不同。在船舶产业智能制造标准化过程中,应对2个标准体系进行同步更新和维护,形成互补。     

Eastern/Western European shipping companies and multimodal transport operations

The purpose of this article is to discuss the current developments in multimodal cargo flows in North European freight transports from Eastern and Western European shipping companies' point of view. Four types of options were identified for shipping companies in multimodal transport operations, namely: (i) the full service operator option, (ii) the feeder operator option in container trades, (iii) the ro-ro operator option, and (iv) the ferry operator option. Option (i) requires a global transport network together with efficient information handling capabilities. This option can be reached by a limited number of mega-carriers. The scope of investment and know-how in this option is such that Eastern European operators are unlikely to achieve this level. In (ii), fleets from (or registered in) the former socialist countries have an advantage as low cost operators, provided that the quality of the operation conforms to principals' requirements. However, the supply side in the intra-European container feeder trades seems to be quite saturated, and new market shares will be very difficult to acquire in the 1990s. In ro-ro shortsea trades the major freight transport operators are well integrated into either freight forwarder driven arrangements (Sweden, Germany), or into major shippers (Finland). As providers of port-to-port transports for road-based cargoes, ferry operators continue to play an important part in international transports. However, the major incentive (and revenue) for passenger/car ferry operations is usually derived from consumers' vacational or travelling needs. Along with the ongoing transition process and a higher level of economic stability that is hopefully achieved in these countries, mergers and acquisitions by Western partners are likely to follow.     

网络中心战中信息网络连接优化设计

通过分析网络中心战的网络结构,考虑小世界网络模型相关理论,定义了网络中心战中信息网络连接收益、连接成本以及连接增益等相关概念,设计了基于小世界网络模型的网络中心战信息网络连接优化设计方法。通过仿真实验,验证了信息网络连接优化设计方法的可行性,给出了获得网络中心战信息网络最优连接性能的方法。     

Multi-agent system with iterative auction mechanism for master bay plan problem in marine logistics

The support of containerization to trade development demands an efficient solution method for the container loading problem in order to reduce shipment and handling time. Hence, the stowage planning of containers is critical to provide speedy delivery of resources from the area of supply to the area of demand. Moreover, information on container terminal activities, structure of ship, and characteristics of containers is distributed among stowage planners. This information imposes constraints, and so the master bay plan problem (MBPP) becomes NP-hard. Therefore, a multi-agent systems (MAS) methodology is designed to effectively communicate the information and solve the MBPP sustainably. In the designed MAS methodology, an information exchange system (IES) is created for stowage planners to bid for ship slots in each experimental iterative combinatorial auction (ICA) market. The winner in the ICA experiments is provided with the ship slots, and the entire bay plan is prepared. Further, the ship-turnaround time is validated using the data obtained from the benchmark problem.     

运输船舶金属船体重量的神经估算

本文建立应用反向传播学习算法的多层前馈神经网络模型，对运输船舶金属船体重量进行神经估算。以散货船和油船为实例的计算结果表明，由非线性模拟神经元组成的神经网络在船体重量估算中是非常有效的。     

CORBA技术在机务段信息管理系统中的研究与应用

介绍基于CORBA的数字化信息转换规范,提出了基于WEB/CORBA相结合的技术来解决机车出入段管理信息系统中分布式异构网络环境之间的通讯问题。     

液货船的装卸自动化系统设计

以典型油船为例，介绍了液货船装卸自动化所涉及的各个主要系统，分析了装卸自动化的主要功能及目前存在的主要问题，提出了计算机网络综合控制系统解决方案。     

分布式网络及抗干扰仿真研究

随着军用分布式通信网络规模日趋庞大,使得电子对抗环境下网络维护、运行与能力评估变得越来越复杂。采用仿真方法可以在试验室条件下对网络进行数字分析与性能验证,并为分布式网络抗干扰、抗毁性与可维性提供评判依据与场景再现。     

面向船舶维护保养的分布数据同步

分布数据的同步是船舶维护保养工作中的重要内容,是船舶营运公司及时掌控船舶营运情况的重要手段。面向船舶营运公司分布数据库（船端数据库与岸端数据库）,建立了一种船舶维护保养过程中的数据同步方案,说明了现有的数据同步方案不能针对船体结构保养、格式表达扩展性差,附件不能进行传输,安全处理机制不够完善等情况,论述了在维护保养流程中,同步数据的具体流向。同时,对数据同步过程中的主要技术问题,包括基于ADO.NET的XML同步文件表达、增量同步文件处理、同步附件压缩处理、并发及死锁的安全处理等进行了说明。     

Examining the influence of firm performance on business risk-taking and the mediation effect of scale of operations in the container terminal industry

Container shipping and its related service sectors help accelerate globalization of the world economy. This industry has been experiencing rapid growth, prompting container terminal operators to increase their handling capacity in response. Providing container terminal services requires substantial capital investment in physical assets such as cargo handling facilities and information systems. On the other hand, operating container terminals is a long-term investment that typically spans several business cycles. Hence prudent asset management using appropriate tools is critical for container terminal operators to sustain their businesses. Generally, due to risk-adverseness, investors are unwilling to take more risk in their investment unless they can reap a higher return. Contrary to this argument, this study finds no direct influence of better firm performance as a proxy of higher return on business risk-taking by container terminal operators. Instead, scale of operations is positively associated with business risk-taking, suggesting that container terminal operators with a larger scale of operations are willing to take more business risk.