Design and implementation of a visual monitoring system to ensure safety in the water surrounding a container vessel

Container vessels navigate among the world's ports, frequently passing through narrow and congested waters. Due to the many layers of containers on a container vessel's decks, it is difficult for the crew to be aware of all fishing vessels and other obstacles in a container vessel's radar observation blind zone. This greatly increases the risk of collisions and other accidents. Given such great challenges to safe navigation and safety management with container vessels, their security risks are severe. An effective visual monitoring system can improve the safety of the water area surrounding container vessel by eliminating a vessel's observation blind zone, providing an effective safety measure for vessels navigating fishing zones and other troublesome areas. The system has other functions, such as accident recording, ship security, and monitoring of loading and unloading operations, thus ensuring the ship operates safely. Six months' trial operation showed that the system facilitates safe navigation of container vessels.     

The overall motion induced interruptions as operability criterion for fishing vessels

A new index, namely the overall motion induced interruptions (OMII), is proposed as a seakeeping criterion for fishing vessels, to compare ships having different hull forms and dimensions by means of an only parameter, in a human centred approach, mainly related to the onboard risk level. Therefore, the first aim of the paper is to investigate the factors affecting fishing vessels’ seakeeping performances to improve them to reduce the high number of injuries occurring during fishing operations, mainly related to both risk perception and harsh weather conditions. Despite the classical approach, where motion induced interruption is determined for a certain sea state with regard to several location points, the new index accounts for all crew members’ positions on the working deck, all heading angles the vessel may experience during fishing operations, based on relevant operating scenario, and all sea states the ship may encounter in the fishing area. The influence of position, heading angles and sea states on the attained risk level is fully investigated, analysing seakeeping performances of four fishing vessels with different hull forms and dimensions. Finally, a new operability criterion is proposed, based on OMII, to investigate the influence of ship size and operating scenario on the risk of injuries during fishing operations. Main factors affecting fishing vessels’ seakeeping performances are fully discussed, paying attention to relevant correlation with ship roll natural period.     

渔船稳性衡准分析与算法研究

我国有数量庞大的渔业船舶,其稳性对船舶安全生产、船型设计开发等方面产生重要影响。本文整理现行渔业船舶稳性衡准要求;分析稳性衡准数的数理实质;进而应用国内外普遍认可的总体设计软件NAPA进行渔业船舶稳性衡准数核算方法研究开发。有助于提高对渔业船舶稳性的认知水平和校核能力,亦可为具备类似衡准要求的其他船型设计研发及稳性校核工具开发提供借鉴。     

关于提升西江渔业船舶安全管理的思考

文中从西江渔业船舶水上交通安全现状出发,深入分析西江渔业船舶事故多发的原因,从加强安全宣传,提高渔业船舶安全性能,畅通与商船沟通联系渠道,加强商船瞭望值班,提高灾害性天气的预防预控能力,调整西江渔业船舶安全监管职能,健全渔业船舶安全管理的法律法规等方面提出安全管理对策,望有助于规范西江航运干线渔业船舶水上交通行为,降低西江渔业船舶事故发生率。     

Review of fishing safety policies in Canada with respect to extreme environmental conditions and climate change effects

Fishing is one of the most dangerous occupations in the world. Numerous research studies have been carried out to improve fishing safety from many different perspectives. Several of these studies focused on the relationship between environmental factors, climate change effects, and fishing safety. This paper aims to suggest a knowledge mobilization structure that translates findings of this type of research into input of evidence-based decision making and consequently improve and update fishing policies with respect to fishing safety and environmental conditions. Significant safety factors extracted from related literature are stability of vessels, fisheries management, safety equipment, communication, insurance, training, safety information and culture, weather forecasts, fatigue, and search and rescue planning. The paper then reviews policies related to these factors to examine if they address extreme environmental conditions and climate change effects. The paper presents recommendations to improve general fishing safety with respect to short- and long-term environmental considerations.     

基于FTA的渔船海损事故分析

事故树分析(FTA)是一种重要而常用的系统安全分析方法。将该方法运用到了渔船海事分析中,并以渔船触礁事故为例运用事故树描述事故的因果关系,进行定性分析,确定出事故的主要因素,提出了事故的控制措施。研究结果表明,在渔船海损事故分析中应用事故树分析方法,有利于对事故的全面分析,便于找出引发事故的直接原因,总结经验,提出事故预防措施,降低事故发生率,保障渔业生产的健康发展。     

渔船螺旋桨设计软件系统

根据图谱法设计螺旋桨的方法原理,结合实践经验,开发了渔船螺旋桨设计软件系统.文章简单介绍了该软件系统开发过程和方法,并应用于两艘实际渔船.设计参数和渔船实际参数的比较显示,该系统能迅速、有效地完成渔船螺旋桨的设计,改善渔船螺旋桨设计以及渔船动力装置配备.     

长江江阴段商船对渔船避让的安全措施研究

文中通过对渔船的种类及特点的介绍,结合单一商船和渔船碰撞的案例,分析了渔船和商船碰撞的主要原因,进而对商船航行在渔区时应采取的安全措施提出了一些建议。     

渔港安全监控和信息管理系统研究

渔港是沿海渔区渔船生产、航行,停泊安全的重要基础保障.为加强渔港安全管理、促进渔业经济发展和新农村建设,在研究渔港功能、渔港安全监控和信息管理系统现状的基础上,对船舶动态监控、船岸通信、综合信息管理3个子系统的设计原理和实现途径,对数据接受和处理,船舶动态数据库,目标船化标绘系统,基于AIS(Automatic Identification System)数据的智能船舶动态视频监控4个核心技术问题逐一进行了论述.系统的设计和研发达到了国家中心渔港的建设要求,并满足了渔港安全管理的需要.     

渔船稳性研究

稳性是保证渔船安全的重要性能，本文讨论了世界主要稳性规范对渔船的要求，并结合对多艘国产渔船稳性校核结果，对渔船的稳性提出了一些看法。同时，用时域分析方法研究了气象衡准。     

未满200总吨小型海船最低安全配员证书核发工作探析

合理的船员配备能够有效的保证船舶及船上人员的安全,还能保护船员得到充足的休息。随着社会发展,小型海船的情况越来越复杂,更因为营运成本、沿海船员紧缺等因素的限制,小型海船船东对最低安全配员的减配要求尤其突出。文中梳理了未满200总吨小型海船最低安全配员证书核发工作中遇到的问题,提出了相关的对策建议。     

小型船舶配备AIS的几点思考

文章从航行安全、应急搜救、海事监管等方面,阐述了小型船舶安装AIS设备的必要性、可行性,并就可能存在的问题提出一些建议。     

基于广义回归神经网络与遗传算法的玻璃钢渔船船型要素优化研究

利用神经网络的非线性拟合能力,建立了基于广义回归神经网络的"船型要素-船体阻力"数学模型,提高了模型的拟合精度。同时结合遗传算法的非线性寻优能力,利用改进的遗传算法完成了船型要素的优化设计。优化结果可以作为玻璃钢渔船初步设计的技术参考。     

远洋渔船营运作业的碳排放计算方法

通过分析远洋渔船复杂工况下的能源消耗特性,并结合政府间气候变化专门委员会的评估报告和全球变暖潜值,提出远洋渔船营运作业过程中的碳排放计算方法,提出远洋渔船低碳节能的建议和措施。     

The selection of fishing vessel fleet operations using a multiple criteria optimization method

The methodology adopted in the design of small fishing vessels is usually concerned only with the vessel's technical characteristics and the procedures utilized may not include consideration of the relevant fishing environment. This paper describes an approach which incorporates operational, economic and technical considerations in a compressive manner. The efficiency of using multicriteria decision making methods in design is investigated with special reference to small vessels. A model is presented which takes into account various operational and fish resource factors. This allows the inclusion of a number of potentially conflicting requirements and goals within the design process. The resulting analysis identifies the optimum fleet mix for three types of fishing vessels for use in a fishing environment of a developing country.     

AIS（CLASSB）与小船动态监控系统的对比研究

有效的船舶监管对保障海上航行安全有着重要的作用。文中分别对AIS（CLASS B）与小船动态监控系统进行了研究,对比发现,AIS（CLASS B）的使用有利于对小型船只、渔船等的动态监控,保障海上航行安全。     

渔船作业安全综合评价方法的研究

运用模糊集理论建立了渔船作业安全的综合评价模型，并运用该模型对渔业公司的生产安全状况进行了评价。结果表明，该模型是合理的，实用的，各级安全管理部门可以用来对渔船的生产作业安全状况进行评估。     

e-Navigation and situation-dependent manoeuvring assistance to enhance maritime emergency response

Safe ship handling in every situation and under all prevailing circumstances of ship status and the environment is a core element contributing to the safety of the maritime transportation system. Especially in case of emergencies, there is a need for quick, accurate and reliable information to manoeuvre a ship safely. This paper focusses on investigations into enhanced response to maritime emergencies by means of onboard manoeuvring support. The research and discussions are done exemplarily for person overboard (PoB) accidents. PoB is a typical situation for application of manoeuvring assistance and decision support, e.g. in order to return quickly to the position of the accident. Based on the analysis of selected accident case studies and existing solutions representing the technical state-of-the-art, shortcomings will be identified and discussed, and a potential approach for advanced manoeuvring support in the context of e-Navigation-based requirements will be introduced and discussed.     

对几起渔船碰撞事故的反思

针对最近发生的几起渔船碰撞事故,分析了渔船发生碰撞的原因和特点,提出了防止渔船发生碰撞的措施,并对有关法律、法规的完善提出了建议。     

Trust and safety onboard

Shipping is a high-risk industry. The aims of this conceptual paper are to build a framework showing in what way safety onboard is influenced by trust, and to identify the main obstacles to trust-building within the shipping industry. To meet these aims, a literature review and a pilot study are conducted. The study shows that interpersonal trust from employees to managers, and among seafarers, seems to be a prerequisite and an indirect factor, or mediating variable, that influence safety-related organizational outcomes positively and seems to reduce human errors. Interpersonal trust seems to be most valuable in weak situations, which means situations that are not critical and when no exact guidance or incentives to behave in a particular way are needed. An optimal level of trust exists onboard, and because of the high-risk environment, this optimal level of trust is expected to be relatively high. The main obstacles to trust within the shipping industry seem to be the dual employment practice, the physical distance between onboard, crewing agency and onshore, the reduced competence requirements, the frequent reorganization of the crew and multiculturalism. The paper contributes to the trust and to the safety literature by a new framework and to the development of 11 hypotheses on trust and safety. Finally, the paper is indicating that trust may be the missing piece in the safety puzzle.